Umhlaba ohehayo wezinhlanzi ezishisayo ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini Ama-Aquariums aheha abathandi bokuzilibazisa kanye nochwepheshe, kodwa kuncane okwaziwayo ngemvelaphi yangempela yezinhlobo ezigcwele amathangi ethu. Emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, ukuzilibazisa kwe-aquarium kuye kwavela emachibini okuhlobisa asendulo kanye nezitshalo zenkolo kuya ekuhwebeni komhlaba wonke okuhambisa izigidi zezibonelo unyaka ngamunye. Lesi sihloko sihlola, ngokuningiliziwe, imvelaphi yendawo, izindlela zokuzalanisa, umthelela wendawo, kanye neqiniso lamanje lokuhweba. de peces tropical emanzini ase-aquarium.
Umlando nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwe-aquariophilia nezinhlanzi zokuhlobisa
La Ukuzilibazisa kwe-aquarium, okuqondwa njengobuciko nesayensi yokugcina nokuzalanisa izinhlanzi, izitshalo nezilwane ezingenamgogodla endaweni yokwenziwa, izimpande zasenduloKusukela eMesophothamiya naseGibhithe lasendulo, lapho izinhlanzi zazibhekwa njengezingcwele futhi zikhuliswa emachibini ngenjongo yezenkolo, kuya e-Tang Dynasty China, lapho kwavela khona inhlanzi yegolide yokuqala ne-koi, ukuthakasela komuntu ngezinhlanzi zokuhlobisa sekuneminyaka eyinkulungwane ubudala.
E-China, ukuzalaniswa okukhethiwe kwe-carp ne-goldfish kwathuthukiswa, inqubo kamuva eyalungiswa e-Japan ngokwakhiwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimangalisayo ze koiLezi zinhlanzi azizange zifike eYurophu kwaze kwaba ngamakhulu eminyaka kamuva, futhi kwaze kwaba yilapho kuvela izinhlelo zokufudumeza nezokuhlunga lapho ukuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo ezishisayo kwaqala ukuthandwa.
Intuthuko yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe ekhulwini lama-20 yavumela ukufinyelela ezinhlotsheni ezingavamile nokudalwa kwezindawo ezihlala emanzini zomphakathi, njengaleyo edumile yaseLondon. Lokhu kwaphawula ukuqala kwesikhathi esihle kakhulu sezilwane zasemanzini, nokufinyelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezikhulayo kanye nethuba lokudala kabusha imvelo eyinkimbinkimbi, kokubili amanzi ahlanzekile nasolwandle.
Zivelaphi izinhlanzi zanamuhla zase-tropical aquarium?
Uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe de peces ukuhlobisa Kuyimboni yezigidi zamarandi ebandakanya ukuhanjiswa kwamakhophi angamashumi ezigidi unyaka ngamunye de peces nezinye izilwane zasemanzini emhlabeni jikelele. Iningi le izinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezaziwa kakhulu Ezindaweni zasemanzini ezifuywayo zivela ezikhungweni ezinkulu zokuthekelisa, ekubeni Asia esinye sezikhungo eziyinhloko emhlabeni zokukhiqiza nokuthekelisa.
Amazwe athanda Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia naseSri Lanka Bagcina izindawo zokuchanyuselwa ezinkulukazi kanye nezikhungo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Lezi zikhungo zikhiqiza ngobuningi izinhlobo zezilwane eziyizimpawu ezifana nalezi I-Discus, i-scalar, i-neon tetra, izinhlanzi ezilwa ne-Siamese (Betta splendens), kanye nenqwaba yabahlanzisi baphansi nezinhlanzi ezidla ulwelwe. Amanye amazwe, njengeSri Lanka, nawo aphawuleka ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-angelfish nama-guppies ezinhlobonhlobo ezingenakubalwa. E-Thailand nase-Bangkok, ukuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo ezaziswa kakhulu umphakathi wase-aquarium kodwa okunzima ukuzalanisa kwezinye izifunda kuyenziwa kuphelele.
En i-Hong Kong, igxile ekukhiqizweni kwe-koi carp nama-charasids, okuhlanganisa nokuzalaniswa okukhulu kwe-neon tetra, kuyilapho Florida (I-United States) iqhudelana ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo zezilwane ezithandwayo njenge-discus, i-angelfish, i-Oscar, nama-cichlid amaningi ase-Afrika.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Europa Akuyona into evelele emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwesimo sezulu, kodwa kunezikhungo ezikhethekile zokuzalanisa izinhlobo ezishisayo emazweni afana nePoland, Slovakia, neRussia. Kula mazwe, kuye kwenziwa inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekuzaleni okuthunjiwe—ngisho nokusebenzisa amasu amahomoni—ezinhlobo zase-Afrika nezaseNingizimu Melika njenge-discus ne-angelfish.
Izinhlanzi ezibanjwe zasendle ngokumelene nezinhlanzi ezifuywayo
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi Cishe u-90% wezinhlanzi zase-tropical aquarium ezitholakala emakethe Zivela ekuzaleni okuthunjiwe, okuguqule umkhakha, okuhlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile kubo bobabili abafuyi nabathanda ukuzilibazisa. Izibonelo ezizalelwa e-Aquarium zivumelana kangcono nempilo yasekhaya, ziletha izinkinga ezimbalwa zokujwayela, zigula kancane, futhi ngokuvamile zithengeka kakhudlwana.
Nokho, Zisekhona izinhlobo ezingatholakala kuphela ngokuzibamba endaweni yazo yemvelo., ikakhulukazi endabeni yezinhlanzi ezithile zasolwandle nezinhlobo okunzima ukuzizalanisa lapho zivalelwe. Abathumeli bangaphandle abancane ezindaweni ezifana neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, iNingizimu Melika, ne-Afrika basakhipha izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane ngokuqondile emifuleni, emachibini, noma kuma-coral reef.
Lo mkhuba, lapho ungalawulwa, ungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ezilwaneni zasendle nasezindaweni ezizungezile, uze ubeke nezilwane ezixhashazwe ngokweqile engozini yokushabalala. Ngakho, icala lika i-surgeonfish eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ethandwa kakhulu yi-cinema, ikhombisa izinkinga ezibangelwa ukudoba ngokweqile kanye nobunzima bokuzalela ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini, ngokungafani nempumelelo yokuzalanisa izilwane ezifuywayo. i-clownfish, efunwa kakhulu futhi ekhiqizwe kabusha ngokwezentengiselwano.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko de peces izitshalo ezishisayo ezitholakala emanzini
- Ama-CarassidsI-Neon tetra, i-cardinal tetra, i-hatchetfish, i-pencilfish, phakathi kwabanye. Imibalabala kakhulu futhi inokuthula, ilungele izindawo zasemanzini zomphakathi.
- Ama-CichlidsI-Discus, i-angelfish, i-ramirezi, i-cichlids yase-Afrika evela eLake Malawi naseTanganyika. Banikeza izinhlobonhlobo zokuziphatha nezimo.
- PoecilidaeAma-guppies, ama-platies, ama-mollies, ne-swordfish. Idume ngokuzalanisa kalula nokuhlukahluka kwemibala.
- I-Loricariids ne-CallichthyidsI-Plecostomus, i-corydoras, i-ancistrus. Iyigugu njengabahlanzi baphansi.
- I-Osphronemidae: Betta, gourami, ipharadesi fish. Hardy futhi enhle.
- I-Crucian carp ne-carpsI-Koi carp ne-goldfish, idumile emachibini amakhulu nasezindaweni zasemanzini.
- Izinhlanzi zasolwandle zokuhlobisaI-Clownfish, i-damselfish, i-tang eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-pomacanthids, ne-angelfish, phakathi kwabanye. Ivunwa kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlala zamakhorali.
Lezi zinhlobo, ngaphezu kobuhle bazo, zikhethiwe ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kanye nokuvumelana nezimo zokuphila kwe-aquarium, umphumela wamashumi eminyaka wokuzalanisa okukhethiwe.
Imithelela yohwebo kwezemvelo de peces ezishisayo
El uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe de peces izitshalo zokuhlobisa ezishisayo inobuso obubili. Nakuba iwumthombo obalulekile wemali engenayo ezindaweni ezingathuthukisiwe futhi inikeza ukufinyelela ezinhlotsheni zangaphandle kwabathanda ukuzilibazisa, ukuthunjwa ngokungakhethi kanye nezindlela zokudoba ezicekela phansi (ezifana nokusetshenziswa okungekho emthethweni kwe-cyanide ukushaqisa izinhlanzi zasolwandle e-Philippines nase-Indonesia) kunomthelela omubi kakhulu kuzinto eziphilayo zasemanzini.
Ukuthekelisa okukhulu de peces Izinhlobo zezixhobo zamakhorali, isibonelo, zingaholela ekwehleni kwenani labantu bendawo, ukuwohloka kwezixhobo, kanye nokungalingani kwemvelo, njengoba eziningi zalezi zinhlobo zezilwane zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunakekeleni indawo yokuhlala, njengokulawula ulwelwe kumakhorali.
Nakuba kunamazwe nezifunda lapho ukukhishwa kulawulwa futhi kulawulwa ngendlela eqhubekayo (njengeHawaii, Australia, neFiji), kwamanye amaningi ukuntuleka kokulawulwa kwemvelo nemithetho kuholela ekuxhashazweni ngokweqile nasekuhwebeni okungekho emthethweni. Lokhu kwandisa amathuba okushabalala kwezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo ezibalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ngokunjalo, ukwethulwa ngengozi noma ngenhloso kwezinhlobo ezingavamile ezindaweni zemvelo, kulandela ukushiywa kwezindawo ezihlala emanzini, kudale izinkinga ezinkulu zokuhlasela kwemvelo, ukugudluzwa kwezinhlobo zemvelo, ukusabalala kwezinambuzane, kanye nokuguqula imvelo yendawo.
Izindlela zokuzalanisa nokukhetha: izinzuzo ze-aquarist yesimanje
Njengamanje, iningi de peces ehloselwe i-aquariophilia yomhlaba wonke ivela ekuzaleni okuthunjiwe, okuhlinzeka izinzuzo eziphawulekayo:
- Ukutholakala okuqhubekayoIzinhlanzi zingathengwa unyaka wonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinkathi zokudoba.
- ukuzivumelanisa nezimo best: Ukujwayela izimo zokuphila zokwenziwa, abacindezeleki kancane futhi bajwayelane kalula nezindawo ezihlala emanzini asekhaya.
- Amanani aphansiUkukhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu kunciphisa izindleko, okwenza izinhlobo ngaphambili ezazibhekwa njengeziyivelakancane noma ezibizayo ukuba zithengeke.
- Ukukhetha okulawulwayo: Abafuyi bangakhetha izici zofuzo abazifisayo (imibala, izimo, ukumelana nezifo) futhi bagweme izifo ezithathelwanayo ezivela endle.
Nokho, emapulazini athile ase-Asia, kuye kwatholakala imikhuba engabazekayo, enjengokwenza ama-cloning kanye nokushintsha umbala okuzenzela, okungashintsha impilo noma ukuziphatha kwezinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukuthenga izinhlanzi kubafuyi abanomthwalo wemfanelo abaneziqinisekiso zezempilo.
Ukubaluleka kokongiwa kwemvelo kanye nemfundo emanzini
Ngaphandle kobuhle nobumnandi obuhlinzekwa yizinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini, labo abasebenzisa i-aquaristics isibopho sokuzazisa nokukhetha izinqubo ezisimeme. Kubalulekile:
- Uncamela izinhlobo ezifuywayo ezifuywayo, ngaleyo ndlela zibe nesandla ekuvikelweni kwabantu basendle nezindawo zemvelo.
- Vimbela ukukhululwa de peces I-aquarium endaweni yemvelo, engabangela ukuhlasela kwebhayoloji ngemiphumela engenakuhlehliswa.
- Funda mayelana nemvelaphi yesifanekiso ngasinye, funa izitifiketi zemvelaphi enomthwalo wemfanelo, futhi usekele uhwebo olusimeme.
- Ukwazisa, ngale kobuhle, indima yezemvelo yohlobo ngalunye nokubaluleka kokugcina ibhalansi yemvelo.
Imfundo kanye nokusabalalisa imikhuba emihle phakathi kwabathanda ukuzilibazisa kanye nabathengisi kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi injabulo yobunikazi be-aquarium ayibandakanyi ukucekelwa phansi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo noma ukuwohloka kwezindawo zokuhlala eziyingqayizivele.
Imvelaphi yezinhlanzi zasemanzini asezindaweni ezishisayo ziyisamba somlando ocebile nowomhlaba wonke, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthuka njalo, kanye nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe oluyinkimbinkimbi, lapho zonke izinqumo zibalulekile. Ukuqonda imvelaphi, izindlela zokuzalanisa, izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu, kanye nezinselele zamanje zokongiwa kwemvelo kuvumela abathanda ukuzilibazisa ukuba benze izinqumo ezinomthwalo wemfanelo ezizuzisa kokubili i-aquarium yabo kanye nemvelo yasemanzini yomhlaba wonke, bejabulela lolu hlobo lobuciko ngokuqwashisa nangenhlonipho ngemvelo.
