Un i-biotope aquarium Kungenye lapho siphinda sakha khona uhlelo lwezinto eziphilayo ukuze izinhlanzi nezitshalo kanye nezinambuzane ezingenamgogodla zikhule. Iphinde imele isethi yezinhlobo ezivela izindawo ezihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.
Ungakwazi dala izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene. Kukhona ama-biotopes ahlukene futhi ukubuyisela kabusha indawo ekahle kuncike kumuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa ngamunye. Kwabayizimfundamakhwela kungaba yisiqalo esihle sohlobo olukhulu abafuna ukulugcina, futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nezinye izinhlanzi ezihlala esifundeni esifanayo noma endaweni yokuhlala.
Ukwenza i-aquarium i-biotope ulwazi luyadingeka. Lapho uhlobo selukhethiwe, lumane ludinga ukuphinda lwenziwe kabusha nge- izimo ezifanayo zangempela. Lokho wukuthi, ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuseduze ngangokunokwenzeka nemvelo izinhlanzi nezitshalo zendawo ethile noma kwendawo okuyo.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-biotope aquariums
I-aquarium yase-Asia. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi inakho izitshalo eziningi nenhlanzi. Izitshalo ezifana nama-ferns zenza kabusha indawo yokuhlala yalolu hlobo lwe-biotope. Izinhlanzi ezinjengama-barbs, wonke ama-rasbora, nama-trichos, Colisa lalia, bettas, danios, botias and kuhli Zilungele ukugcwalisa i-aquarium yase-Asia. Ngokuvamile, a ukugeleza okulingene, izimpande eziningi zasemoyeni namaqabunga awile anothisa umbhede.
Umhlume we-Aquarium. Lolu hlobo lwendawo yokuhlala, olutholakala nase-Asia, ludabuka ezimpandeni zomhlume. Izinhlanzi ezifana nomcibisheli (Ama-Toxotes), I-Scatofagus iphikisana, I-Blowfish futhi i i-mudskipperUkuze kuzuzwe indawo ebukeka njengemvelo, iziqu eziphothene noma izimpande ezilingisa imihlume kufanele zisetshenziswe. Amanzi i-alkaline kancane ene-pH engaphezu kuka-7 futhi ihlala njalo.
Incazelo enwetshiwe kanye nobubanzi be-biotope
Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, i-aquarium ye-biotope ifuna khiqiza kabusha i-ecosystem enokwethembeka okukhulu: izinhlobo de peces kanye nezitshalo endaweni efanayo, i-substrate, amadwala kanye nezinkuni ezilinganayo endaweni emelwe kanye imingcele yamanzi (izinga lokushisa, i-pH, ubulukhuni, ukuqhutshwa kwe-conductivity) eduze kakhulu naleyo yendawo yokuhlala. Kunikezwe kuqala i-phenotype yasendle (umbala wemvelo kanye ne-morphology), ukugwema izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezikhethiwe ekuthunjweni.
Ngaphansi kokubuka okukhawulelwe kancane, umqondo uyavuma ukuthi izakhi ze-abiotic zinjalo ngokulingana ngokwezwe nokuthi izinto eziphilayo, nakuba zifuywe ekuthunjweni, zingezohlobo lwalokho philisana kuleyo biome. Uma umele izindawo ezinkulu (isb., imicengezi ephelele noma ama-tributaries amaningana akude) iwela kakhulu esigabeni se i-aquarium ye-thematic noma yendawo, zisabalulekile ekusakazeni nasekujabuleleni.
Izibonelo ezidumile zihlanganisa ama-biotopes we Amazon futhi i Umfula omnyama, imifula ye ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, amachibi ase-Afrika eMalawi naseTanganyika, amasimu elayisi aseNdiya noma, olwandle, imifula kusukela oLwandle Olubomvu, eCaribbean, noma eMedithera. Ukukhetha kuyachaza amatshe, ama-substrates, izitshalo kanye namandla okugeleza ukuthi i-aquarium kufanele ibonise.
Indlela yokuhlukanisa nokuhlela i-biotope
I-biotope ichazwa ngezindlela ezine ezibalulekile: isifunda sendawo (iNingizimu Melika, i-Afrika, i-Asia, iYurophu, olwandle), uhlobo lwendawo yokuhlala (umfula, umfudlana, ichibi, ixhaphozi, umhlume), izinhlobo zomdabu ezihambisanayo futhi, uma ukunemba okukhulu kufunwa, i isikhathi sonyaka (inkathi eyomile/yemvula, ihlobo/ubusika) okunomthelela kumazinga okugeleza, ukuba sobala nokutholakala kwezindawo zokukhosela.
Cwaninga imithombo ethembekile ukuze uqoqe idatha kuyo amakhemikhali amanzi, umbhede, uhlaza lwasemfuleni, isigqi esilula nokuziphatha kwezinhlanzi emphakathini. Khetha ivolumu ye-urn evumelayo indawo kanye nokubhukuda efanelekile, futhi idala isigcawu nge izinto zemvelo (amaqabunga, amagatsha, iziqu, amatshe) ngokuhambisana nendawo emelelwe.
I-Biotope, amanzi amnyama kanye nendlela ye-botanical
Ama-Biotopes afuna phindaphinda isayithi elithile ngezinhlobo zomdabu kanye nemingcele elungisiwe. I ama-aquariums amnyama Akhiqiza amanzi ane-asidi nacebile nge-tannin (njengoMfula iNegro), nawo umbala we-amber, i-pH ephansi kanye nobulukhuni obuphansi; zilungele ama-tetra namakhadinali kanye nama-cichlid ahlala ezindaweni ukukhanya okufiphele. I indlela ye-botanical ibeka phambili ukusetshenziswa kokudala kwamaqabunga nama-pods ukuze kuzuzwe ubuhle bemvelo, nge imingcele nezimo futhi ngaphandle kwesibopho sokunamathela endaweni ethile.
Amadigri e-biotope kanye ne-biotope ethile
I-biotope yebanga lesi-3: ilungele abasaqalayo. Funda izitshalo nezinhlanzi ku izwekazi noma i-macroregion namapharamitha afanayo nakuba engahlangani nomfula ofanayo. Ivumela ubuhle bemvelo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhambisana kwemvelo.
I-Biotope yeBanga lesi-2: ukumelwa kwe umfula omkhulu nemingenela yawo. Kudinga ukuqoqa ulwazi ohlelweni (izitshalo, izilwane, umbala wamanzi, inkathi yonyaka), ukufeza i-montage enembe kakhudlwana futhi iyasebenza lapho izakhamuzi ziqaphela izici zemvelo.
I-Biotope yeBanga lesi-1: indawo ethize kakhulu yomfula noma i-tributary. Ikhemistri enemininingwane, ukuma kwezwe, nedatha yomphakathi isetshenziswa ukuze kubonwe ukuziphatha kwemvelo (ukukhiqizwa kabusha, izigaba, izikole, ukusetshenziswa kwe-microhabitat) ngokwethembeka okukhulu.
I-biotope eqondile: gxila ku-a izinhlobo ezibalulekile. Nakuba isethi ingaphelele, inikezwa izimo ezifanele ukuze baphile kahle futhi bafunde imininingwane ye-microhabitat yabo ngaphakathi kwe-B1, njengokungathi babuka ingxenye ye-ecosystem ngengilazi ekhulisayo.
Amathiphu asebenzayo we-biotope enempilo
Gcina i- ibhalansi yemvelo ukulungisa inani labantu, ukudla, nokugcinwa. Beka kuqala izinhlobo ze-phenotype zasendle noma zemvelo ehambisanayo. Gwema ukuxuba izinhlanzi ze izitsha ezikude Uma ufuna ukwethembeka futhi usebenzise ukuhlunga nokugeleza ngokwendawo yokuhlala. Ukukhanyisa kumele kuhambisane ne- isikhathi sesithombe yendawo emelelwe.
I-Preguntas frecuentes (FAQ)
Ingabe kunzima ukugcina i-biotope aquarium? Kuyadingeka ucwaningo lwangaphambili kanye nokuvumelana, kodwa ngokuhlela nemingcele ezinzile kungafezeka ngokuphelele yizimfundamakhwela ezizinikele.
Ingabe ngidinga ulwazi lwangaphambilini? Akubalulekile. Kuyasiza ukuqala nge-B3 bese ukhuphuka. B2 / B1 njengoba wazi kahle i-chemistry yamanzi nokuhambisana.
Ingabe ibiza kakhulu kune-aquarium exubile? Incike kakhulu kwi ubukhulu nezinhlobo. Ezinye izinto kanye nezinhlanzi ezithile ziphakamisa izindleko zokuqala, kodwa ukuhambisana kwesistimu ngokuvamile yenza kube lula ukuzinza kwayo esikhathini esimaphakathi.
Ngingakwazi yini ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo zezilwane endaweni eyodwa? Yebo, uma bekhona ehambisanayo futhi wabelane ngezidingo zamakhemikhali aphathekayo. Hlola indawo, izindawo zokubhukuda nokudla ukuze kugwenywe izingxabano.
Ukudala i-biotope ethembekile akugcini nje ngokuphakamisa inhlalakahle yezinhlanzi, futhi ithuthukisa i ukongiwa kanye nemfundo yezemvelo ngokubonisa ukuthi i-ecosystem yangempela isebenza kanjani ngaphakathi kwekhaya, kusukela ezinqubweni ze-substrate kuya ku-dynamics yezenhlalo yabantu abahlala kuyo.
