Lapho siqala ukuba ne-aquarium futhi sethula izinhlanzi ngaphakathi kwayo, kuvame kakhulu ukuba nezinhlanzi ze-guppy. Ingenye yezinhlanzi ezaziwa kakhulu nezithandwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kulabo abaqala kulo mhlaba. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi banokungabaza uma kukhulunywa ngokusungula i- Umehluko phakathi kwezinhlanzi ze-guppy zabesilisa nabesifazane.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke izici ze-guppy fish nokuthi yini i- Umehluko phakathi kwezinhlanzi ze-guppy zabesilisa nabesifazanengamasu abonakalayo, imihlahlandlela yokunakekela kanye namathiphu okugwema ukucindezeleka kanye nezinkinga zokuminyana.
Inhlanzi ye-Guppy
Lezi zinhlanzi ziyizinhlobo ezishisayo futhi zihlala emanzini ahlanzekile. Badabuka eNingizimu Melika futhi singamalungu omndeni wakwaPoeciliidae. Badume impela ngenxa yombala wabo ogqamile; empeleni, baziwa nangokuthi izigidi zezinhlanzi ngenxa yobuningi bobumo namaphethini atholakala ezindaweni zasemanzini. Kukhona cishe Izinhlobo ezi-300 zalezi zinhlanzi futhi cishe zonke zinezinhlobo ezahlukene zemibala, osayizi kanye nokuma komsila.
Ngokuvamile ziyizilwane ezinokuthula ezihlala zibhukuda ngamaqembu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Bangababhukudi abakhuthele Futhi uzobathola behambahamba. Isilinganiso esinconyiwe sokugcina ama-guppies ku-aquarium ngabantu abangu-4 kuwo wonke amalitha angama-50 amanzi. Ngale ndlela, bayoba nesikhala esanele sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo futhi ukuhlala nezinye izinhlanzi. ISu isikhathi sokuphila Ivamise ukuhlala iminyaka eminingana ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ngamanzi asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokudla okuhlukahlukene.
Sivame ukubona abesilisa bejaha abesifazane ukuze bawahlabe umxhwele. Lokhu kuhle ukuze ubudlelwano phakathi kwalezi zinhlanzi buthuthuke ngokwemvelo. ukusungula isilinganiso sowesilisa oyedwa kubo bonke abesifazane aba-3-4Lokhu kunciphisa ukuhlukunyezwa kweduna njalo kuvimbele ukuthi ezinsikazi zibe nengcindezi. Uma ubona izinhlanzi zakho zihlala zicashile, lokho kukhombisa ukuthi iyagula noma ibonisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka. izimpawu zokucindezeleka ngokwedlulele. Ukucindezeleka kuvame ukuvela ukwanda kwabantu emanzini, izinga lamanzi eliphansi noma ngenxa yokuthi izidingo zabo azihlangabezwa.
Umehluko phakathi kwezinhlanzi ze-guppy zesilisa nezesifazane
Kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwama-guppies abesilisa nabesifazane. Okokuqala, Abesilisa bancane ukuthi abesifazane futhi ngokuvamile babonisa imibala ecijileNgaphezu kwalokho, zihlukaniswa ngephiko lazo lendunu, elishintshwe laba isitho esihlanganisayo esibizwa ngokuthi ikhala. i-gonopodium.
Umehluko wabo wobulili awuhlukile kangako kubantu, njengoba bene-X chromosome eyodwa ne-Y chromosome eyodwa. Inhlanganisela ye-XX ikhiqiza abesifazane; inhlanganisela ye-XY iphumela kwabesilisa. Ama-Guppies afika ukuvuthwa ngokocansi Kusukela ezinyangeni ezi-3-4 kuya phambili, lapho abesilisa sebevele bekhombisa i-gonopodium kanye nombala ochaziwe.
Tamaño
I-Las Abesifazane bavame ukukala ngaphezulu (cishe 4-5 cm noma ngaphezulu kuye ngokuthi umugqa), kuyilapho Abesilisa bangaba ngu-2-3 cmLe nkomba iyashesha futhi iwusizo emaqenjini entsha, nakuba ihlale iqinisekiswa nezinye izici.
Umzimba
I-gonopodium yesilisa iyiphiko lendunu elide elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa isidoda kowesifazane. Insikazi ayinayo i-gonopodium futhi inophiko olumise okwefaneli. fan iDemo. I isisu sowesilisa Mncane futhi mncane; i isisu sowesifazane Iyindilinga futhi i-a indawo yokukhulelwa indawo emnyama (indawo eyi-gravid) eduze kwephiko lendunu lapho ukhulelwe.
Amaphiko
Kwabesilisa, i i-dorsal ne-caudal fin Zivame ukuba zinde, zibe banzi, futhi zibe nephethini, zinezimo ezifana nomsila weveli, ihabhu, noma unxantathu. Kwabesifazane, amaphiko akhona mfushane futhi uhlakaniphe kakhulu, ngokuhlukahluka okuncane komumo ekuhambeni.
Color
Abesilisa bayacaca colorful more futhi babonise amaphethini emizimbeni nasemisileni yabo. Abesifazane ngokuvamile banomzimba isangulukile ngokwengeziwe noma ngombala othulisiwe, ogxilisa umbala othile ku-caudal fin eduze komugqa. Le dimorphism ingesinye sezikhiye zokuhlonza ezisheshayo.
I-Guppy fertilization ingaphakathi: i-gonopodium ifakwe ekuvuleni kwesitho sowesifazane, ikhulula isidoda. Amaqanda abe esekhula endaweni engaphakathi kwesisu sensikazi. Ama-Guppies angama-ovoviviparousOkusho ukuthi, amaqanda akhiwa futhi avuthwe ngaphakathi kwensikazi kuze kube yilapho echamusela futhi abantwana bakheke ngokugcwele bayazalwa.
Umehluko ngombala
Singathola futhi umehluko ngemibala. Kunenqwaba yezinhlanganisela zalokhu. de pecesNjengoba sesishilo, lezi zinhlanzi zibizwa de peces uthingo. Kuvame kakhulu ukuthola umbala onsundu engxenyeni engenhla yenhlanzi kanye nombala ogqamile ngemuva, ikakhulukazi i-caudal finokungenye yezici zayo ezichazayo.
Ezinye izinhlobo zingatholakala ngokubukeka kwensimbi ngoba zinakho i-iridophoresLawa amangqamuzana angenambala abonisa ukukhanya, adala umphumela ohehayo we-iridescent. Nakuba kungase kube nemigqa enamadoda anombala othobile, ngokuvamile Abesilisa banemibala eminingi kunabesifazane. Lo mbandela, ohlanganiswe ne-gonopodium, uvumela ucansi olunembile.
Ukugwema ukucindezelwa izinhlanzi, okulungile ukugcina isilinganiso sowesilisa oyedwa kubo bonke abesifazane aba-3-4Uma kungenjalo, sizoba nezinkinga ku-aquarium ngenxa yengcindezi eyeqile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesifazane bathola ukuhlukunyezwa okwengeziwe; ngakolunye, abesilisa bazizwa benengcindezi eyengeziwe. bancintisane bodwa uma kunezibonelo ezimbalwa zabesifazane eqenjini.
Ukuzala
Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwama-guppies abesilisa nabesifazane kubalulekile ekuzaleleni lezi zinhlanzi ku-aquarium. Ithose lifukamela ngaphakathi esibelethweni sensikazi. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-28Isikhathi sokufukamela singaba side noma sibe mfushane kuye ngezinga lokushisa, umsoco, ubudala bensikazi, kanye nezinga lokucindezeleka. Ngokuvamile, emanzini afudumele phakathi kobubanzi bawo, isikhathi singafinyezwa ngezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Insikazi ingazala noma yikuphi ukusuka eshumini nambili kuya kwezingaphezu kwalokho 100 gazingakuye ngobukhulu bazo, ubudala, kanye nezakhi zofuzo. Uma zizalwa, ama-fry azungeze 4-6 mm ubude, futhi kusukela ngesikhathi esifanayo bangadla ukudla okufanele usayizi wabo (ama-flakes achotshoziwe, i-microfood noma i-artemia nauplii).
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-guppies angakwazi zidle amazinyane azoSiyonga kanjani okuthosiwe? Ezinsukwini ngaphambi kokuchanyuselwa, kungcono ukuhambisa insikazi endaweni encane noma ipeni lokuzalabese ubeka izitshalo ezintantayo noma ubulembu ukuze kuthoswe indawo yokukhosela. Lapho isibelethile, eyensikazi ibuyiselwa emanzini amakhulu ukuze inqande ukudla amaphuphu.
Ukuze a ukunakekelwa okufanele Izici ezilandelayo zinconywa kulezi zilwane ku-aquarium:
- Ukushisa ye-aquarium phakathi kuka-18 no-28 ºC.
- pH amanzi ngamanani angu-7-8.
- El dGH (ubunzima) kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-25 ° GH.
- Ukudla 1 noma 2 izikhathi ngosuku.
- Amanzi ayashintsha ubuncane beviki obungama-25%.
Njengokuqiniswa, kuyasiza ukuhlanganisa isihlungi kanye ne-oxygenator ukugcina amanzi ehlanzekile futhi enomoya-mpilo, kanye nezimila eziningi, kuhlanganise izitshalo ezintantayo okwandisa umuzwa wokulondeka futhi kunciphise ukucindezeleka.
Ukudla
Ama-Guppies anjalo omnivores futhi bamukela ukudla okunhlobonhlobo okuhlukahlukene: ama-flakes asezingeni eliphezulu, ukudla okufakwe iqhwa (izibungu zomiyane, izimfanzi ezinosawoti), ukudla okuqandisiweUkudla okuphilayo nemifino. Imithombo eshintshanayo ithuthukisa ukudla kwazo, ithuthukise umbala, futhi ithuthukise ukuzala.
Umthetho olula ukunikeza kuphela inani abangalisebenzisa ngalo cishe imizuzu eyi-21-2 izikhathi ngosuku. Gwema ukudla ngokweqile: ukudla okungadliwanga kuzongcolisa i-aquarium, kukhuphule amazinga e-nitrogen, futhi ukuthuthukisa izifoNgokuthosa, hlinzeka ngokuphakelayo okuncane nokuvamile ngezinhlayiya ezinhle noma i-nauplii, unakekele ikhwalithi yamanzi.
I-aquarium inconyelwe ama-guppies
Nakuba ziyizinhlanzi ezincane, zidinga indawo yokubhukuda nokuzijabulisa. A i-aquarium okungenani amalitha ayi-40 Ukuqala, ukubala nxazonke 5 amalitha inhlanzi ngayinye Ekusetheni kwabaqalayo. Ivolumu ephezulu isho ukuzinza okukhulu kwesistimu kanye nezinyunyana ezimbalwa zokungcola.
I-aquarium kufanele ibe nayo izimila zemvelo nezindawo zokucasha. Izitshalo ezintantayo zisiza ukusabalalisa ukukhanya, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, futhi zinikeze ukuvikeleka kokuthosa. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa a isihlungi sebhayoloji ilungiswe kumthamo wethangi futhi iqinisekise ukungena kahle emoyeni. Gwema imikhiqizo nge sulphate yethusi emanzini, njengoba eyingozi kuma-guppies nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla.
Mayelana nokuphilisana, gcina i isilinganiso 1 owesilisa : 3-4 abesifazane ukunciphisa ukuhlukunyezwa futhi ubavumele ukuthi babhukude amaqembuGada amapharamitha masonto onke futhi wenze izinguquko zamanzi njalo ukuze ulondoloze impilo yakho.
Impilo nezifo ezivamile
Ama-Guppies ayizinhlanzi eziqinile uma izinga lamanzi lilihle. Lapho i- amapharamitha ayangalingani Noma kukhona ukugcwala ngokweqile, futhi amagciwane nama-parasite avela. Phakathi kwezinkinga ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Isifo samachashazi amhlophe (Ich): Amachashaza amhlophe abonwa emzimbeni kanye namaphiko; inhlanzi ingase ihlikihle ezintweni futhi ibonise ukuphefumula okusheshayo.
- Isifo se-Velvet (i-Oodinium): i-velvety enhle, emhlophe noma egolide; ukunganaki kanye nezimpiko ezigoqiwe.
Ukuvimbela lokhu, gcina a inqubo yesondlo (ukushintsha kwamanzi, ukuphonswa phansi okuthambile, ukuhlanzwa kwesisefo), gwema ukudla ngokweqile, hlonipha ukuminyana de peces y ukuzivalela Hlola izifanekiso ezintsha ngaphambi kokuzethula. Buka izimpawu zokucindezeleka: amaphiko asongekile, ukucasha njalo, noma ukulahlekelwa umbala.
Okuvame kakhulu umsila izinhlobo kanye bobunjwa
Ama-Guppies ahlukaniswa ngokuma kwawo i-caudal fin nangemibala yazo. Phakathi kwemisila evame kakhulu sithola: fan, inaliti, ifulege, inkemba kabili, inkemba ephansi, inkemba engenhla, lira, i-pala, i-punta, i-velo, isiyingi y okungunxantathuNgokuqondene nemibala namaphethini, kunemigqa bomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza, mnyama namaphethini afanayo Mosaico o ingweI-guppy nayo iyathandwa Endler, ngemibala egqamile neyensimbi.
Ukuhlonza ubulili babo ngendlela efanele, ukubanikeza indawo, izitshalo, nokudla okuhlukahlukene kuzokuvumela ukuthi ujabulele ama-guppies anemibala egqamile kanye nokuzala okulawulwayo. Ngokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo nokunaka izimpawu zokucindezeleka, ziba enye yezinhlobo ezizuzisa kakhulu zabaqalayo kanye nalabo abasha emsebenzini wokuzilibazisa we-aquarium.
