Ukuzalana kwezinhlanzi kuyinqubo ethakazelisayo ehlukahluka kuye ngohlobo kanye nendawo ezikuyo. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuzala ezivumela lezi zilwane ukuthi ziqhubeke nohlobo lwazo futhi ziqinisekise ukusinda kwenzalo yazo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuzalana kwezinhlanzi, sigxile kakhulu ezinhlanzini ezidla ama-oviparous , kanye nokukhuluma ngezinhlanzi ezidla ama-viviparous kanye nezidla ama-ovoviviparous.
Izinhlobo zokuzalana kwezinhlanzi
Izinhlanzi zingazalana ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kuye ngokuthi imibungu ikhula kanjani. Izigaba eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Izinhlanzi ze-Oviparous: idiphozi amaqanda emanzini ukuvundiswa kwangaphandle.
- Inhlanzi eviviparous: Las omncane Zikhula ngaphakathi emzimbeni kamama futhi zizalwa seziphelele.
- Izinhlanzi ze-Ovoviviparous: Los amaqanda Zigcinwa ngaphakathi komzimba kamama zize zichanyuselwe.
- Izinhlanzi ze-Hermaphroditic: Banezitho zokuzala zabo bobabili ubulili futhi bangashintsha ubulili ngokusho izimo ezemvelo
- Izinhlanzi ze-Parthenogenetic: Zizalana ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvundiswa kowesilisa.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinhlanzi ezi-oviparous
Izinhlobo eziningi de peces Bazalana ngendlela i-oviparous, okusho ukuthi ezinsikazi zizalela amaqanda avundiswa ngaphandle ngowesilisa. Lelisu lokuzala livamile emanzini ahlanzekile nasezinhlotsheni eziningi zasolwandle.
ukuvundiswa kwangaphandle
Izinhlanzi ezithwala amaqanda ziyazalana ngokukhulelwa kwangaphandle ; okungukuthi, insikazi ibekela amaqanda bese induna ikhipha isidoda sayo emanzini ukuze iwafake umanyolo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene, njengalezi:
- Ukushiya amaqanda ezintanta emanzini.
- Ukuzinamathisela emadwaleni noma ezitshalweni zasemanzini.
- Ukuzingcwaba endaweni engaphansi kolwandle noma esihlabathini.
Ukuvikelwa kwamaqanda
Ezimweni eziningi, izinhlanzi azinaki amaqanda azo ngemva kokuwabeka, ziwashiya esengozini yemvelo kanye nezilwane ezidla ezinye. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zibonisa amasu okuzivikela, njengalawa:
- Ukwakhiwa kwezidleke zebhamuza, isici se-betta fish.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezimabula noma amanetha emanzini ukuvimbela amaqanda idliwe.
- Ukuvala umlomo, lapho amaqanda Zivikelwe emlonyeni womzali zize zichanyuselwe.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlanzi ze-viviparous
Izinhlanzi eziphilayo, njenge- guppies kanye ne-mollies , zizalana ngendlela efana neyezilwane ezincelisayo. Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni kamama, lapho ama-embryo ekhula khona kuze kube yilapho ezalwa.
Izinzuzo zalolu hlelo zifaka phakathi izinga eliphezulu lokusinda kwamancane , njengoba ezalwa enobukhulu kanye nokukhula okufanele ukuzivikela ezitheni.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlanzi ze-ovoviviparous
Izinhlanzi ze-Ovoviviparous zihlanganisa izici zezinhlanzi ze-oviparous kanye ne-viviparous. Kulokhu, amaqanda agcinwa emzimbeni kamama aze achanyuselwe ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa. Izibonelo zezinhlanzi ezisebenzisa le ndlela zifaka phakathi i-great white shark kanye ne-manta ray.
I-Hermaphroditism ezinhlanzini
Ezinye izinhlobo de peces, njenge- inhlanzi ye-serrano, banamandla okushintsha ubulili kukho konke ukuphila kwabo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-hermaphroditism ezinhlanzini:
- I-hermaphroditism ngesikhathi esisodwa: Izinhlanzi zinezitho zesilisa nezesifazane ezisebenzayo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- I-Hermaphroditism elandelanayo: Inhlanzi iqala ukuphila njengeduna bese iba yinsikazi (i-proterandric) noma ngokuphambene nayo (i-proterogynous).
Ukufuduka kokuzala ezinhlanzi
Ezinye izinhlobo de peces Bathatha uhambo olude ukuze bazalane. Icala eliyizifanekiselo yileso sika isalimoni, ezalwa emanzini ahlanzekile, ifuduka iye olwandle iphinde ibuyele emifuleni iyozalela. Esinye isibonelo i-eel yaseYurophu, efuduka isuka emifuleni iye oLwandle iSargasso ukuze izale.
Ukuqonda ukuzala kwezinhlanzi kubalulekile kokubili ekulondolozeni ama-aquarium asekhaya kanye nokulondoloza izinhlobo zasendle. Uhlobo ngalunye lokuzala lunikeza izinzuzo nezinselele ezihlukile zokusinda kwezingane. Kusukela ekuvundiseni kwangaphandle kwezinhlanzi ezibeka amaqanda kuya ekuphileni kwezinye izinhlobo, izinhlanzi ziye zakha amasu ahlukahlukene okuqinisekisa ukuthi zihlala isikhathi eside ezindaweni zemvelo zasemanzini.