Uma sikhuluma de peces, abantu abaningi bangase bacabange ukuthi lezi yizilwane ezilula neziyisicefe, ezikhangayo kuphela imibala yazo noma indlela ezihamba ngayo emanzini. Nokho, ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonise ukuthi lo mbono ukude neqiniso. Njengezinja namakati, izinhlanzi nazo zinobuntu bazo. , okunye okungashintsha kuye ngezici zemvelo, njengezinga lokushisa lamanzi, okungase kubangele ukuthi abe nolaka noma asebenze.
Ithonya lokushisa kubuntu bezinhlanzi.
Ngokusho ezihlukahlukene ucwaningo lwesayensi , kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi ukushintsha kwezimo zemvelo, njengezinga lokushisa lamanzi, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuziphatheni kwezinhlanzi. Eqinisweni, izinhlanzi zingase zibonise ukuziphatha okunesibindi nobudlova uma amazinga okushisa amanzi enyuka.
Esinye sezifundo eziphawuleka kakhulu ngalesi sihloko senziwa ngezinhlobo ezimbili ze damselfish eGreat Barrier Reef. Kwatholakala ukuthi lezi zinhlobo de pecesNgokujwayelekile benamahloni, bazokhombisa ushintsho olukhulu ekuziphatheni njengoba izinga lokushisa lamanzi likhuphuka. Baba nolaka futhi bakhuthele kakhulu, okusikisela ukuhlobana okuqondile phakathi kwezinga lokushisa nobuntu babo. Eqinisweni, ngokwandisa izinga lokushisa ngamadigri amabili nje kuphela, izinhlanzi zafinyelela phezulu izikhathi ezingu-30 ezinolaka kunangaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kokuba nolaka, kuye kwatholakala ukuthi inhlanzi ingaba nemizwelo eyinkimbinkimbi, njengokucindezeleka, lapho ibhekene nezimo ezimbi. Njengabantu nezinye izilwane, le mizwa ingathinta kakhulu inhlalakahle nokuziphatha kwakho iyonke.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwe-micropersonalities ezinhlanzini
Un ucwaningo lwakamuva , eyanyatheliswa kumagazini Ecology and Evolution , kuveza ukuthi izinhlanzi zibuye zibonise umehluko ngamunye ekuziphatheni kwazo, lokho abacwaningi abaye bakubiza micropersonalities . Lezi zici ezihlukile zibonakala endleleni izinhlanzi ezibhukuda futhi ezihamba ngayo. Kulolu cwaningo, izinhlanzi ezingu-15 ze-sticleback zabonwa emathangini ahlukene, futhi naphezu kokuhlelwa okuhlukile endaweni yazo, njengokufakwa kwezitshalo zepulasitiki, izinhlanzi zagcina amaphethini azo okunyakaza ayingqayizivele.
Lokhu okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi lezi zilwane zinobuntu obungalinganiswa ngokuziphatha kwazo nezindlela zokunyakaza kwazo. Lezi micropersonalities zihluke kakhulu kangangokuthi ososayensi bakwazi khomba inhlanzi ngayinye ngokuhamba kwayo kuphela , ngisho nangemva kokulungisa indawo ababehlala kuyo.
Izici zofuzo nezemvelo.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi, ngaphezu kwezimo zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa, ubuntu bezinye izinhlanzi bungathonywa nayizakhi zofuzo. Isibonelo esicacile salokhu singatholakala ezifundweni ezenziwa nge ama-lebistes noma izigidi zezinhlanzi, lapho kwaboniswa khona ukuthi lezi zibonelo zisabela ngokungaguquki ezimweni zokucindezeleka ngazinye. Abanye bazama ukucasha, kuyilapho abanye bebhekana nalezi zinselele ngesibindi.
Lezi zifundo, ezifana nalolo olwenziwa ososayensi eNyuvesi yase-Exeter, nazo zakuveza lokho umehluko ngamunye in fish ubuntu bahlala bengashintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nalapho bebhekene nezimo ezahlukene. Lokhu kuphambene nombono wokuthi ukuziphatha kwezinhlanzi kuyipulasitiki ngokuphelele futhi kuvumelana nanoma yisiphi isimo.
Umthelela wokudoba kubuntu bezinhlanzi
Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe nomthelela ukudoba okunawo ezinhlanzini ezingeni lokuziphatha. Isibonelo salokhu yi- Iphrojekthi ye-BEFISH , eligxile ekuphenyeni ukuthi ukudoba okukhethekile kungase kushintshe ubuntu bezinye izinhlobo zezilwane de peces, njenge cod. Izimpahla zokudoba ezingenzi lutho, ezifana namanetha noma izingwegwe, zivame ukubamba izinhlanzi ezimatasa kakhulu, okungase kuholele esikhathini eside ekukhethweni kwabantu abanamahloni kakhulu noma abangaguquguquki kakhulu.
Lokhu kusho ukukhetha okungenzeka ngokuziphatha phakathi kwabantu abadotshwayo. Uma izinhlanzi ezinesibindi noma ezimatasa kakhulu zinamandla amakhulu okuzala, ukuqeda laba bantu kunganciphisa ikhono lenani lokuzala kabusha, kuthinte ngokuqondile ukukhiqiza kwabo.
Inhlanzi, imizwa kanye nokuphila kahle
Kuyashaqisa ukwazi ukuthi izinhlanzi ziyakwazi ukuzwa imizwa eyinkimbinkimbi njengobuhlungu noma ingcindezi. Eqinisweni, ososayensi baye babonisa ukuthi banesimiso sezinzwa esikwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu obufana nobezinye izilwane ezinomgogodla, njengamakati noma izinja. Lokhu kufanele kusenze sicabange kabusha ukuthi siziphatha kanjani lezi zilwane, ezindaweni zokudoba nasezindaweni ezihlala emanzini.
Uphenyo on the izinhlanzi ubuntu kanye nokuziphatha Zisisondeza ekuqondeni ngokujulile lezi zilwane ezithakazelisayo. Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi izinhlanzi ziyizidalwa ezilula, isayensi iyaqhubeka ibonisa ukuthi zinezici ngazinye ezizenza zihluke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zifundo azivezi nje inkimbinkimbi yangaphakathi yezinhlanzi, kodwa futhi nokubaluleka kokuvikela indawo yazo yemvelo nokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yazo ekuthunjweni.
Izinhlanzi zisikhombisa ukuthi zingaphezu kwezidalwa zasemanzini. Ikhono labo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukubhekana nengcindezi nokubonisa ubuntu lisimema ukuthi sizindle ngendlela esixhumana ngayo nabo ezimeni ezihlukene, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusemanzini, ukudoba noma endaweni yabo yemvelo.