Okwakamuva ukufa kwe-salmon enkulu Kumasipala waseQuinchao, esiqhingini saseChiloé, izimo zemvelo kanye nezinqubo eziphuthumayo zemboni yezokufuya izilwane zasemanzini seziphinde zahlolwa. Lesi sigameko senzeke epulazini lezinhlanzi laseTraiguén 2, elingelenkampani i-Invermar SA, futhi siphakamise ukukhathazeka phakathi kweziphathimandla zokudoba kanye nemboni uqobo.
Ngokusho kolwazi olusemthethweni olukhishwe yinkampani kanye neNational Fisheries and Aquaculture Service (Sernapesca), isenzakalo solwandle sokuhlushwa okuphansi komoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini Lokhu ngabe kwaba yimbangela yalo mcimbi, okuholele ekulahlekelweni kwamakhulu amatani. de peces kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi kokuqapha kanye nokususwa kwe-biomass ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela eyengeziwe endaweni yasolwandle.
Umcimbi wokungenisa umoya-mpilo ophansi esikhungweni iTraiguén 2
Lesi sigameko senzeke okokugcina 12 ngoFebhuwari, lapho izinhlelo zokuqapha zepulazi lezinhlanzi laseTraiguén 2, ezihlonzwe ngekhodi 102115 futhi ezitholakala edolobhaneni lase IQuinchao, Isifunda saseLos LagosBathole ukwanda okungavamile kokufa ezindlini. Ngokusho kwenkampani, lokhu kwanda okungazelelwe kuhlotshaniswa nesigameko se- umoya-mpilo ophansi ekholomu yamanzi, isimo esingabangelwa izinguquko ezithile ze-oceanography.
Lolu hlobo lwesimo semvelo lunciphisa ukutholakala komoya-mpilo ezinhlanzini, okubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu okuthi, uma kugcinwa isikhathi esithile, ekugcineni kuholele ekufeni. ukufa kwenqwaba yamasampulaKulokhu, ukufa kwagxila epulazini lezinhlanzi lase-Invermar, futhi akukho miphumela efanayo ebikiwe kuze kube manje kwezinye izikhungo endaweni, yize ukuqapha sekunwetshiwe ezindaweni ezizungezile.
USernapesca ugcizelele ukuthi Iziqephu zokuntuleka komoya-mpilo azihlali isikhathi eside futhi azisakazeki kabanzi.Kunalokho, zenzeka njengezehlakalo ezingajwayelekile, ezihlotshaniswa nezimo ezithile zesifunda. Kodwa-ke, umthelela wazo ungaba mkhulu ekukhiqizweni kwezinhlanzi uma zihambisana nobuningi obukhulu. de peces kanye nezici ezithile ze-oceanography.
Izibalo zokufa kanye nobubanzi besimo esiphuthumayo
Ngokusho kwemibiko esemthethweni, lesi simo esiphuthumayo sithinte kuze kube manje Amathani angu-283 e-salmon, emele nxazonke 10% we-biomass iyonke igcinwe esikhungweni seTraiguén 2. Lesi silinganiso sichaza umcimbi ofanele ngokwemigomo ephumelelayo, kodwa sikhawulelwe ngaphakathi kwesikhungo ngokusho kweziphathimandla.
I-biomass ethintekile isuswa kusetshenziswa Isikebhe Sokudoba Olwandle Oluphakeme (i-PAM), okuyiyona enesibopho sokuqoqa izinhlanzi ezifile nokuzithutha ziye esitshalweni sokunciphisa La Portada ukuze kucutshungulwe okokugcina. Le ndawo yezimboni ingenye yezinketho ezinikezwe ezimisweni zokuvimbela imfucuza yezinto eziphilayo ukuthi ingaqongelelani olwandle noma eduze nendawo ephakathi.
Le nkampani ithe yonke imisebenzi yokukhipha nokuthutha yenziwa ngaphansi izimo zokuphepha okuqinileLokhu kwenzelwa ukunciphisa noma iyiphi ingozi yokungcola, iphunga elibi, noma ukuba khona kwezifo ezihambisana nokubola kwezinhlanzi. Iziphathimandla, ngokwazo, ziqapha ukuthi lezi zinqubo zenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho yamanje.
Impendulo ka-Invermar kanye nokusebenza kwezinqubo zangaphakathi
Ngemva kokubona ukwanda okungavamile kokufa, I-Invermar yaqalisa ngokushesha uhlelo lwayo lwezimo eziphuthumayoLolu hlelo luhlanganisa uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zangaphakathi kanye nokuxhumana neziphathimandla zemikhakha. Izenzo zokuqala zazihlanganisa ukuqinisa ukuqapha kwemvelo, ukubuyekeza imingcele yezindawo zolwandle, kanye nokwazisa ngokusemthethweni iSernapesca (iNational Fisheries Service).
Le nkampani ibonise ukuthi, njengengxenye yezinqubo zayo ezijwayelekile, igcina ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwezimo zemvelo zasolwandle ezindaweni lapho isebenza khona. Lokhu kulawula kufaka phakathi izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana nomoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, izinga lokushisa lamanzi, imisinga yamanzi, nezinye izinto ezithinta ngqo inhlalakahle yezinhlanzi.
Ngaphezu kokususwa ngokomzimba kwe-biomass ethintekile, inkampani ithi isebenzise izinqubo zokulawula ukuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuphathwa kwenhlanzeko okuhloswe ngakho ukuvimbela lesi sigameko sokufa ukuthi singaholeli ezimweni ezikhuthaza ukwanda kwamagciwane noma ukudala imiphumela eyengeziwe ekhwalithini yamanzi kanye nodaka ngaphansi kwamakheji.
I-Invermar igcizelele inhloso yayo yokugcina ukuxhumana okusobala nokufika ngesikhathi Ngokuphathelene nokuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo esiphuthumayo, siphinda sizibophezele ekuqhubekeni kokusebenza nasekusetshenzisweni kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela izingozi zemvelo ezingase zithinte izikhungo zalo zokulima.
Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo nokuqapha nguSernapesca
Kanye nezenzo zenkampani, Insizakalo Kazwelonke Yokudoba Nokufuya Izinhlanzi Abahloli bathunyelwe esifundeni saseQuinchao ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa kokufa kwezinhlanzi endaweni kanye nokuhambisana nezinhlelo zesimo esiphuthumayo. Lokhu kuthunyelwa kuhlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwa ngaphandle kokwephula imithetho kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela engaba khona ohlelweni lwemvelo.
Amaqembu obuchwepheshe kaSernapesca abuyekeza isigaba ngasinye senqubo, kusukela ku- ukuqoqwa kwe-salmon efile kuze kube yilapho ithuthwa ngomkhumbi we-PAM nokuthi ukulethwa esitshalweni sokunciphisa kuhambisana nezidingo zemvelo nezempilo ezimisiwe. Inhloso ukuvimbela ukukhishwa okungajwayelekile, ukuchitheka, noma ukuphathwa kabi kwemfucuza.
Umqondisi wesifunda saseSernapesca eLos Lagos, UChristian HudsonUchaze ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesigameko solwandle luye lwabonakala kwezinye izikhathi esifundeni, okubangela ukufa kwabantu bendawo kokubili ezindaweni zokufuya izilwane zasemanzini kanye nezilwane zasendle. Kwezinye izigameko, kuye kwabikwa nezinye izigameko. ukugoba kwezinhlanzi emiseleni kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ezizwela ukuphelelwa umoya-mpilo.
Kulesi simo, igunya ligcizelela ukuthi ukuqapha akugcini nje esikhungweni seTraiguén 2, kodwa kudlulela naku ezinye izikhungo eziseduze, ukuze kutholakale ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma yiluphi ushintsho ezimweni zemvelo olungabeka impilo yezinhlanzi engcupheni noma ibhalansi yendawo yasolwandle yeQuinchao nendawo yayo enethonya.
Imicimbi ye-Oceanography kanye nezingozi zokufuywa kwezinhlanzi
Isimo eQuinchao siveza phambili ubungozi bokufuya izinhlanzi ezimweni ezithile zolwandleLezi zici, njengamazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe, noma izinguquko emifuleni, zingandiswa ezindaweni ezinamapulazi ezinhlanzi amaningi kanye nobuningi babantu abaningi. de peces.
Ukwehluka kwe-oxygen encibilikisiwe kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nenhlanganisela yezici, okuhlanganisa i-stratification yekholomu yamanziUkuba khona kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuqhakaza kwe-microalgal, noma izinguquko zesimo sezulu ezisheshayo konke kungaba nomthelela kulokhu. Uma ukuvuselelwa kwamanzi kulinganiselwe, izimo ziba lula kakhulu ukwehla ngokuzumayo komoya-mpilo otholakala ezimpilweni zasolwandle.
Uma kwenzeka amapulazi e-salmon, isimo siba sibi kakhulu uma ufaka ukuphefumula kwezinkulungwane de peces endaweni evalekile, ukusetshenziswa kokudla okulinganiselayo kanye nokuqongelela okungenzeka kwemfucuza ngaphansi kwezakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, imithethonqubo idinga izinhlelo ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwemvelo kanye nezinhlelo zesenzo esisheshayo zokuphendula kunoma yikuphi ukushintshashintsha okubalulekile okungaholela ekufeni kwabantu abaningi.
Iziqephu ezifana nekaTraiguén 2 nazo zivula kabusha impikiswano mayelana nesidingo sokuqinisa amasu okuvimbela kanye nokuqina embonini, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuphathwa komthwalo wezinto eziphilayo endaweni ngayinye, ukuhlela indawo yezikhungo kanye nokufakwa kobuchwepheshe bokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi obuvumela ukulindelwa okungcono kwalezi zimo.
Ukucaca kolwazi kanye nokukhathazeka komphakathi
Ngaphandle kwezibalo kanye nemibiko yobuchwepheshe, izenzakalo ezifana nokufa kwe-salmon eQuinchao zivame ukudala ukukhathazeka phakathi kwezakhamuzi kanye nemiphakathi yasogwiniezihambisana eduze nokufuywa kwezinhlanzi. Isivinini okudluliswa ngaso amaqiniso kanye nokucaca kwedatha enikeziwe kudlala indima ebalulekile ekugwemeni ukuqagela nokungathembani.
Kulokhu, bobabili uSernapesca kanye nenkampani basabalalise ulwazi mayelana nomsuka ongaba khona walesi sigameko, inani le-biomass elithintekile, kanye nezinyathelo ezithathwayo ukubhekana nalesi simo. ukuvulwa kolwazi Kubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni obekulokhu kuxoxwa ngawo ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwawo nezindawo zemvelo zasolwandle.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye nabadlali bendawo bavame ukubonisa intshisekelo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinqubo azigcini nje ngokuhambisana nomthetho, kodwa futhi zibonisa ukukhathazeka kwangempela ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo futhi ngenxa yokuhambisana kokufuywa kwezinhlanzi neminye imisebenzi, njengokudoba ngobuciko noma ukuvakasha ogwini.
Ukuphathwa kwalezi zinhlobo zezehlakalo, kanye nendlela imiphumela yazo edluliselwa ngayo, kungathonya umbono womphakathi ngemboni ye-salmon, kokubili esifundeni saseLos Lagos nakwezinye izindawo lapho ukufuywa kwezinhlanzi kuyimbangela ebalulekile kwezomnotho, okuhlanganisa nezindawo ezahlukahlukene ezisogwini lwaseYurophu ezilandela eduze ulwazi lwaseChile.
Icala le ukufa kwe-salmon esikhungweni se-Traiguén 2 eQuinchao Lokhu kugqamisa ukubaluleka kwezinhlelo zokuqapha eziqinile, izinhlelo zesimo esiphuthumayo ezihlelwe kahle, kanye nokuqapha okusebenzayo yiziphathimandla ukunciphisa imiphumela yezehlakalo zolwandle, nakuba zihlukanisiwe, ezingadala ukulahlekelwa okukhulu. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinkampani, izinhlangano ezilawulayo, kanye nomphakathi kuvela njengento ebalulekile yokubhekana nezehlakalo ezinjalo ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kube nomthelela omncane endaweni yasolwandle kanye nemisebenzi ekhiqizayo.
