El izinhlanzi ze-molly, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi Ama-Poecilia Sphenops, udabuka eMelika Ephakathi, ikakhulukazi eMexico nase-United States. Ingowomndeni wakwaPoeciliidae futhi idume kakhulu emhlabeni wokuzilibazisa we-aquarium ngenxa yayo okumibalabala, ukuziphatha okunokuthula kanye nekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ama-Mollys azenzele wona njengenketho efanelekile kubo bobabili abathanda ukuzilibazisa abasaqalayo kanye nama-aquarists anolwazi ngenxa yokunakekela kwabo kalula, ukuqina, kanye nemvelo yomphakathi.
Izimpawu Ezijwayelekile Zezinhlanzi ze-Molly
I-Los izinhlanzi ze-molly ukwethula okuphawulekayo i-dimorphism yezocansi, okusho ukuthi kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Izinsikazi zivame ukuba zikhudlwana, zifinyelela phakathi kuka-7 no-11 cm, kanti abesilisa bangaba ngu-5 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iduna linesitho sokuzala okuthiwa i-gonopodium, okuwushintsho lwephiko lazo lendunu, kuyilapho abesifazane benephiko lendunu eliyindilinga.
Esinye sezici ezihluke kakhulu ze-Molly yikhono layo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Bangahlala phakathi ama-aquariums ahlanzekile namanzi anosawoti, nakuba indawo yayo engokwemvelo ihlanganisa namanzi ageleza kancane anohlaza oluningi. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-Molly fish ingaphila iminyaka emi-5, okuyenza ibe inketho ekahle kuma-aquarists abafuna uhlobo oluhlala isikhathi eside futhi olulula ukuzinakekela.
Izinhlobo ze-Molly Fish
I-Molly fish ine- anhlobonhlobo imibala kanye bobunjwa, esikhiqize izinhlobo eziningi zokwenziwa nezemvelo. Ezinye ezidume kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Black Molly (Black Molly): Enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Zinomzimba omnyama ngokuphelele futhi zingafinyelela ku-12 cm kwezinye izinhlobo. Ilungele ama-aquariums ngamanzi amasha noma anosawoti.
- UDalmatian Molly: Ngephethini yamabala amnyama namhlophe, lenhlobo yaziswa kakhulu ngokufana kwayo nejazi lezinja zase-Dalmatian.
- I-Balloon Molly (I-Balloon Molly): Ngomzimba oyindilinga kanye nokubukeka okuphefumulelwe, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivela ekuguqulweni kofuzo okuthinta umgogodla wawo, okuwunikeza isimo esingavamile, nakuba kungabangela izinkinga ezithweni zangaphakathi.
- Molly Vela: Abesilisa balolu hlobo bane-dorsal fin enkulu, ebukeka njengoseyili, futhi ingafinyelela ku-15 cm. I-Molly Vela ikhula kahle kakhulu emanzini anosawoti omncane.
Ukunakekelwa Nokunakekelwa kwe-Molly ku-Aquariums
Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuba Ama-Mollies ku-aquarium yakho, kubalulekile ukucabangela usayizi wesikhala kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi. Lezi zinhlanzi zidinga okungenani i-aquarium engamalitha angama-40 eqenjini elincane leduna elilodwa nezinsikazi ezintathu noma ezine. Ezinhlotsheni ezinjengoMolly Vela, kuyatuseka ukuthi usebenzise izindawo ezihlala emanzini okungenani amalitha ayi-100.
- Imingcele yamanzi: Ama-Mollies ayakhetha kancane ngekhwalithi yamanzi. Bakhetha amazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka-24 no-28 °C kanye no-a pH phakathi kuka-7 no-8 ukuthuthukisa ngendlela efanele. Ubulukhuni bamanzi obunconywayo buphakathi kuka-10 no-20 dGH.
- Izinguquko zamanzi ezijwayelekile: Izinguquko zamanzi kufanele zenziwe masonto onke, esikhundleni samanzi aphakathi kuka-30% no-40% ngamanzi amasha ukuze kugwenywe ukunqwabelana kodoti nokugcina izinga elifanele.
- Ukuhlobisa nezitshalo: Nakuba ama-Mollys eqinile, athanda izindawo zasolwandle ezitshalwe kahle ezinendawo yokubhukuda. Izitshalo ezintantayo kanye nezindawo zokucasha ezihlinzekwa ngamatshe noma izimpande kuyazuzisa, ikakhulukazi kumaphuphu angase azalelwe ku-aquarium yomphakathi.
- Gwema izakhi zokhuni: Izinkuni zingabangela i-pH yehle, engafaneleki i-Mollys. Sebenzisa izitshalo ezibekezelela ukuba khona kukasawoti emanzini, njenge I-Vallisneria noma i I-Sagittarius.
I-Molly Fish Yokudla
I-Molly fish omnivore, okusho ukuthi idla inhlanganisela yolwelwe, imifino kanye nezilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla. Endaweni yazo yemvelo, ngokuvamile zidla ulwelwe nezinsalela eziphilayo. Ekuthunjweni, kubalulekile ukubanikeza ukudla okuhlukahlukene ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlalakahle nempilo yabo.
- Ukudla kwezentengiso: U-Molly wamukela ama-flakes nama-granules kahle, nakuba kunconywa ukuthi lokhu kuqukethe iphesenti eliphezulu lemifino, njenge-spirulina.
- Ukudla okubukhoma: Yengeza ekudleni kwakho i-brine shrimp, i-daphnia kanye nezibungu zomiyane, ezingagcini nje ngokuba nomsoco kakhulu, kodwa futhi zishukumisa umuzwa wazo wemvelo wokuzingela.
- Imifino emisha: Zinikeze ngezikhathi ezithile zucchini, ikhukhamba noma isipinashi i-blanched, njengoba lokhu kunikeza i-fiber futhi kuvimbela izinkinga zokugaya ukudla.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungamdli ngokweqile uMolly. Okufanelekile, kufanele ubanikeze ukudla okuncane kabili noma kathathu ngosuku, uqiniseke ukuthi badla yonke into ngaphansi kwemizuzu emibili.
I-Molly Fish Reproduction
I-Los Ama-Poecilia Sphenops wakhe umabhebhana, okusho ukuthi amaqanda akhula ngaphakathi kwensikazi kuze kube yilapho amaphuphu eselungele ukuchamusela, ngaleso sikhathi eyesikazi izala amaphuphu aphelele. Lokhu kwenzeka cishe njalo emavikini ama-4 kuya kwayi-6.
Isici esithakazelisayo se-Molly fish ukuthi abesifazane bangakwazi ukugcina isidoda ekuhlanganeni okukodwa futhi baqhubeke nokuvundisa amaqanda ngokulandelana ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlanganisa okusha. Udoti ngamunye ungaqukatha phakathi kuka-20 no-150, kuye ngeminyaka yensikazi kanye nezimo ze-aquarium.
Abazali bavame ukudla okuthosiwe, ngakho-ke kuyatuseka hlukanisa owesifazane lapho kusondela ukuphela kwesikhathi sokumitha bese uyibeka ethangini lokuzalela noma enezitshalo eziminyene ezinikeza indawo yokukhosela kwabancane.
Izifo Ezivamile ze-Molly Fish
Njenganoma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-aquarium, ama-Mollys angenwa izifo eziningi, ikakhulukazi uma enganakiwe indawo efanelekile. Ezinye ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Iphoyinti elimhlophe (Ich): Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa njengamachashaza amancane amhlophe esikhumbeni nasemaphikweni futhi ngokuvamile sibangelwa ukushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa kwamanzi noma ingcindezi.
- Fin rot: Kwenzeka lapho amaphiko eqala ukubola ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lamanzi. Ukuhlanzeka kwe-Aquarium kufanele kuthuthukiswe futhi kusetshenziswe ukwelashwa okusekelwe kuma-antibiotic uma kunesidingo.
- Amakholomu: Eyaziwa ngokuthi “isifo sikaMolly,” lesi sifo esibangelwa amagciwane sibangela amachashaza amhlophe emzimbeni, ukundindizela, nokukhathala.
Ukuvimbela lezi zifo kulula kakhulu: gcina imingcele yamanzi ezinzile, wenze izinguquko zamanzi njalo futhi ugweme ukushintshashintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa.
Ukuhambisana Nezinye Izinhlanzi
I-Molly's yizinhlanzi umphakathi kanye nokuthula, okubenza babe inketho enhle kakhulu yezindawo zasemanzini zomphakathi. Zihambisana nezinhlanzi ezifana nama-guppies, ama-platys, nezinye izinhlanzi ezinosayizi ofanayo ezabelana ngezidingo ezifanayo zamanzi. Kufanele ugweme ukuzihlanganisa nezilwane ezinolaka noma ezihlala kakhulu, njengoba zingagcizelela i-Molly.
Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukugwema izinhlanzi ezinama-fin amade, anamandla, njengoba ama-mollies ngezinye izikhathi angabonisa ukuziphatha okuhuquzelayo kulama maphiko.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-Mollys ingachuma ku-aquarium yakho, inikeze iminyaka yokuzijabulisa futhi isize ekwakheni i-ecosystem elinganiselayo nenhle ekhaya lakho.