Amanzi aphuma empompini abukeka ehlanzekile, kodwa ngemuva kwawo kukhona inkinga ekhulayo yokungcola kwasekhaya nasezimbonini okuba nzima kakhulu ukulawula unyaka nonyaka. Phakathi kokugeleza kwamanzi emadolobheni, izimayini, ezolimo ezibanzi, amakhemikhali kaphethiloli, kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla, amanzi angcolile athwala ingxube engathandeki yezinsimbi ezisindayo, izakhamzimba eziningi, amakhemikhali anobuthi ezinto eziphilayo, kanye nezinto ezingcolisayo ezivelayo njengemithi kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane.
Le nhlanganisela iguqula imifula eminingi, amachibi, kanye nezindawo zamanzi zibe ama-cocktail amakhemikhali angempela lapho amanzi Ayibe isakwazi ukuphuzwa, ayifaneleki ukunisela ngokuphephile, futhi ilimaza kakhulu imvelo yasemanzini.Kulesi simo, iqembu labalingani abancane kakhulu lithola ukuvelela emalabhorethri futhi, ngokwandayo, kumaphrojekthi okuhlola angempela: ama-microalgae, izidla ngempela ukungcola kanye nabakhiqizi bezinsizakusebenza ezinenani eliphezulu.
Ziyini i-microalgae futhi kungani zinesithakazelo esikhulu ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi?
Ama-microalgae izinto eziphilayo ezine-photosynthesis ezineseli elilodwa ezihlala ezindaweni zasemanziniZingatholakala kokubili emanzini amasha namanzi anosawoti, ngisho nasemanzini angcolile anezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Njengezitshalo, zisebenzisa ukukhanya kanye ne-CO2.2 ukukhula, kodwa benza kanjalo ngesivinini esikhulu kakhulu futhi ngempumelelo ephezulu kakhulu ye-photosynthesis.
Ngokombono wokwelashwa kwamanzi, okwenza akhetheke kangaka yikhono lawo lokwenza kanjalo bamba izakhamzimba ezifana ne-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, babambe izinsimbi ezisindayo futhi bagcine amakhemikhali anobuthi e-organicEziningi zalezi zinto ezingcolisayo ziba yingxenye ye-biomass yazo noma zinamathele ebusweni bamaseli azo, okuvumela ukuthi zisuswe emanzini ngezinqubo ezilula zokuvuna.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ama-microalgae ekhula Basebenzisa i-carbon dioxide bese bekhipha umoya-mpiloLokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza ngoba kukhuthaza ukushiswa kwezinto eziphilayo futhi kusiza ekuvimbeleni izigameko ze-eutrophication emifuleni, emachibini, nasemachwebeni.
Ukukhula kwazo okusheshayo kanye nekhono lokuchuma ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kusho ukuthi, uma ziphathwa kahle, zingafakwa ezinqubweni zokuthuthukisa ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezindawo zokucwenga izinto eziphilayo lapho umgomo kungekona nje ukuhlanza ukungcola, kodwa futhi nokuguqula inkinga ibe yithuba lezomnotho.
Izinsimbi ezisindayo ezivela ekumbeni: inselele ebhekene nabacwaningi
Enye yemithombo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yokungcola okufanele ibhekane nayo yileyo amanzi angcolile avela ezimayini kanye nasezimbonini ezithile zensimbiLe mifudlana ivame ukuqukethe amazinga akhathazayo e-cadmium, ithusi, i-lead, nezinye izinsimbi ezisindayo ezincibilika emanzini bese zihamba emifuleni nasema-aquifer.
Ezindaweni ezinesiko eliqinile lokumba izimayini, njengendawo ezungezile UMfula iTinto esifundazweni saseHuelvaInkinga enkulu yemvelo ibilokhu inqwabelana amashumi eminyaka: amanzi anemithwalo ephezulu yensimbi engenakuphinde isetshenziswe ekuniseleni futhi, uma engaphathwa kahle, agcina ethinta inhlabathi, izilwane zasendle kanye nempilo yabantu. Isimo esifanayo siyavela e- enyakatho sweden, lapho kutholakale khona indawo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ongavamile eYurophu, okuholela ekwandeni kwengozi yokuchitheka okuhlobene nokukhishwa.
Ukuze kuphendulwe le nselele, amaqembu avela Inyuvesi yaseHuelva futhi we IYunivesithi yase-Umeå (eSweden) Bathuthukise izinhlelo ezisekelwe ku-microalgae ezikwazi ukubamba nokugcina lezi zinsimbi ezisindayo, noma ngabe zibonakala zixubene, okuyinto eyenzekayo empilweni yangempela hhayi ekuhlolweni kwezincwadi.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kubonise ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile ze-microalgae, ikakhulukazi zohlobo I-ChlorellaBabengasusa i-cadmium noma ithusi ngempumelelo enkulu uma behlukaniswe endaweni ezungezile. Kodwa inselele kwakuwukuqhubeka nokwenza le nqubo isebenze. ngezingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi zezinsimbi, ukulingisa izimo ezifana nalezo ezitholakala emfucumfucwini yangempela yezimayini.
Ama-biofilms e-microalgae nama-polymers: isihlungi semvelo esisebenzisa imfucuza
Isihluthulelo sentuthuko yala maqembu ocwaningo kube ukuhlanganisa i-microalgae enezinto ze-polymeric ezitholakala emfucumfucwini yezimboniEsikhundleni sokusebenzisa izisekelo ezibizayo noma ama-reagent amakhemikhali asetshenziswa kanye kuphela, bakhetha ukuklama izinto ezenziwe nge-sulfur esele kanye namafutha okupheka asetshenzisiwe, imikhiqizo emibili evame ukulahlwa.
Uma i-microalgae ihlangana nale nto eyenziwe nge-polymeric, i-a i-biofilm lapho amaseli anamathela khona ngokuqinile ebusweni bokusekelaLe filimu idala isihlungi semvelo esibamba i-cadmium, ithusi, kanye nomthofu, okwandisa kakhulu indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi angcolile, i-microalgae, kanye ne-polymer.
Imiphumela eshicilelwe kumagazini okhethekile I-Green Chemistry Zibonisa ukuthi, ngemva kwamahora ayisishiyagalombili okwelashwa, uhlelo luyakwazi susa cishe u-95% we-cadmium nethusi, kanye nengxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yomthofu zikhona emanzini, zisebenza ngisho nangamazinga aphezulu (ama-milligram angu-8-10 ngelitha).
Lezi zivivinyo zigxile kakhulu kuma-microalgae I-Chlorella sorokinianaIphawuleka ngodonga lwayo oluqinile lwamaseli, ikhono layo lokubekezelela izindawo ezinobuthi obuphakathi kuya phezulu, kanye nesivinini esikhulu sokukhula, okuqeda umjikelezo wayo wokukhula ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngamanye amazwi, iyinhlobo ivumelaniswe kahle nezimo ezimbi kakhulu futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni.
Esinye isici esithakazelisayo ukuthi lolu hlelo luvumela, ngomklamo ofanele, buyisa izinsimbi ezibanjiwe kusukela ku-polymer kanye ne-microalgae ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha embonini. Lokhu kushintsha ukugxila kusuka ekudluliseni inkinga (amanzi ahlanzekile kodwa angcolile) kuya endleleni evala umjikelezo ngokubuyisa nokunikeza lezi zinsimbi inani elifanele.
Indlela ama-microalgae asabela ngayo ezinsimbini ezisindayo
Iqembu locwaningo eNyuvesi yaseHuelva, ligxile ku- Ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhi zofuzo zezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzisa i-photosynthesis, ifunde ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli e-microalgae lapho echayeka emanzini agcwele izinsimbi ezisindayo.
Bakubonile lokho, nxazonke Ama-90% ezinsimbi ahlala enamathele ebusweni beseliinamathele odongeni lwe-microalga. Ama-10% asele angena esitokisini, lapho izinqubo ze-oxidation kanye nokunciphisa zivuselelwa khona ukuze kuncishiswe ubuthi balezi zinto.
Ezinye zalezo zinsimbi zigcina ziqongelela ama-vacuole, ama-organelles amaseli amancane ezisebenza njengezindawo zokugcina izinto. Lokhu kwenzeka, ngaphezu kwakho konke, nge-cadmium, okuphakamisa ukuthi ama-microalgae anezindlela ezithile zokusingatha ukungcola okunobuthi obukhulu.
Nakuba ukuqongelela kwangaphakathi kusiza ekunciphiseni ubuthi bemvelo, futhi kuletha inselele: uma yonke leyo biomass igcwala izinsimbi ezisindayo, ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngqo kwe-biofuels noma izithako ezengeziwe zenani kunqunyelwe, ngaphandle kokuthi inqubo ephumelelayo ithuthukiswe ukuze qala ngokukhipha lezo zinsimbi ku-biomass.
Ngakho-ke, eminye yemisebenzi yamanje ihlola indlela yokukhuthaza ukukhula kwe-microalgae. ngokuthanda ukumunca izinsimbi ebusweni bazo futhi kube lula ukucwiliswa kwazo okulandelayo, ukuze kokubili izinsimbi kanye nohlelo lokuhlanza ngokwalo kusetshenziswe kabusha, ngaleyo ndlela kuhlanganiswe indlela ecacile yomnotho oyindilinga.
Ngale kwezinsimbi: amakhemikhali kaphethiloli kanye nokungcola kwe-petrochemical
Izinsimbi ezisindayo akuzona zodwa izinkinga ezibangelwa amanzi angcolile; kukhona futhi amakhemikhali e-organic atholakala ku-petroleum kanye nemboni ye-petrochemicaleziningi zazo zihlala njalo futhi zinobuthi obukhulu ezinhlanzini, ezinyonini nakubantu.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva, olushicilelwe kumagazini Ubuthi, kukhombisile ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ze-microalgae zingasebenzisa ama-hydrocarbon aromatic e-polycyclic kanye nezinye izinto ezitholakala ku-petroleum njengomthombo wekhabhoniNgamanye amazwi, bayakwazi "ukudla" ingxenye yalezi zinto ezingcolisayo, bazingcolise noma baziguqule zibe ama-molecule angenangozi kangako.
ENyuvesi yaseHuelva sebevele basebenza kumaphrojekthi afana nalawa I-AlgaPol, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwama-polymer adonsayo kanye ne-microalgae kuhlanganiswa khona ukubhekana nokungcola okuyinkimbinkimbi okuvela embonini ye-petrochemical: kusukela kuma-phenolic derivatives kuya kuma-polycyclic aromatic compounds ayingozi kakhulu.
Lolu hlobo locwaningo luhlose ukuvumelanisa umqondo wezinhlelo ze-biofilms kanye nezinhlelo ze-microalgae-polymer hybrid ukuze zingagcini nje ngokusebenza nezingxube zezinsimbi, kodwa futhi ukuchitheka okugcwele ama-hydrocarbon nezinto eziphilayo eziqhubekayo, okungakabikho ukwelashwa kwezimboni okwanelisayo ngokugcwele.
Intuthuko isikisela ukuthi, ngokukhethwa okuhle kwezinhlobo kanye nomklamo ocwengekile wezinto zokusekela, ama-microalgae angaba yi- ingxenye ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza ukungcola obuthambile, ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nokusetshenziswa okuncane kwama-reagent amakhemikhali anolaka.
Ama-microalgae emanzini angcolile avela ezigayweni zomnqumo: ukuhlanza nokukhiqiza imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo
Enye indawo ethakazelisa kakhulu ukuphathwa kwe- Ukukhishwa kwemali okuvela ezimbonini zamafutha omnqumo kanye nasemkhakheni wamafutha omnqumoLawa manzi aqukethe izinto eziphilayo ezigxile kakhulu kanye namakhemikhali e-phenolic anobuthi, okuvimbela kakhulu ukukhishwa kwawo ngqo noma ukusetshenziswa kwawo ekuniseleni ngaphandle kokwelashwa okunzima kwangaphambilini.
Ithimba elivela eMnyangweni Wezobunjiniyela Bezamakhemikhali, Ezemvelo kanye Nezinto Zokusebenza ze- Jaén University uye wafunda ukusetshenziswa kwe-microalga I-Neochloris oleoabundans ukwelapha kahle la manzi avela ezigayweni zomnqumo, kufeza imiphumela emangalisayo kokubili ekuhlanzeni nasekukhiqizeni i-biomass ngezicelo zezimboni.
Ucwaningo, olushicilelwe kumagazini Ubunjiniyela Kwezesayensi YokuphilaLokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukuchitheka kukawoyela kungaba yi- umthombo wezakhamzimba zokukhula okulawulwayo kwale microalgaNaphezu kokuba khona kobuthi ekuqaleni kokungcola, izinhlobo ezikhethiwe ziyakwazi ukukhula futhi zisebenzise amakhemikhali akhona emanzini njengomthombo wokuthuthuka kwazo.
Ezivivinyweni, ukuncishiswa phakathi kweyodwa 66% kanye no-94% wezinto ezingcolisayo eziyinhloko lala manzi, afinyelela emseleni wokugcina ofanele ukusetshenziswa kabusha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-microalga yaqoqa i-biomass enezinhlanganisela ezithakazelisayo kakhulu: cishe Ama-carbohydrate angu-56%, amafutha angu-51%, kanye namaprotheni angu-49,5%.
Ngalezi zilinganiso, leyo biomass ingasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-biodiesel, i-bioethanol, izichumisi ze-bio, izithako zobuhle noma ukudla kwezilwanengaleyo ndlela kukhiqizwe imigqa emisha yebhizinisi ehambisana nokukhiqizwa kwamafutha omnqumo nokuqinisa imodeli yomnotho oyindilinga yensimu yomnqumo.
Izingxube zamanzi amdaka: ukuthuthukisa izakhamzimba nokunciphisa ubuthi
Abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseJaén abazange bafunde nje umfudlana owodwa wamanzi avela emshinini wokugaya umnqumo. Bahlole izinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene zokungcola: amanzi asetshenziselwa ukugeza ama-olive ngaphambi kokugaya, amanzi asetshenziselwa ukugeza amafutha ngemva kokufaka i-centrifugation, kanye nokugeleza okuvela amanzi angcolile asedolobheni avela ku-WWTP.
Umfudlana ngamunye “unobuntu” bawo: labo abavela ezigayweni zomnqumo bathwala izinto eziningi eziphilayo kanye namakhemikhali e-phenolic, kuyilapho ingxenye yasemadolobheni inegalelo elikhulu. I-nitrogen ne-phosphorus kubalulekile ekukhuleni kwe-microalgaeUmqondo kwakuwukuzihlanganisa ngezilinganiso ezifanele ukuze kuncishiswe ubuthi ngenkathi futhi kuhlinzekwa izakhamzimba ezidingekayo.
Ngokulungisa izingxube, kwafezwa inqubo ezinzile kakhulu, lapho i-microalga yayingakhula ngaphandle kokuwa ngenxa yobuthi, futhi okulandelayo kwafezwa: ukwehla kwama-nitrate nama-nitrites ngo-94%, u-93% ekudingweni kwe-oxygen yamakhemikhali kanye no-66% kuma-phenolic compoundsNgamanye amazwi, inqubo yokuhlanza ejulile kakhulu kusetshenziswa imfucuza, okwakuyindaba ebuhlungu kakhulu ezigayweni zamafutha omnqumo kuze kube muva nje.
Le biomass ephumela lapho, ecebile ngama-lipid, amaprotheni, kanye nama-carbohydrate, iba umthombo onemiphumela eminingi yezimboniKusukela ku-biofuel kuya kumanyolo wemvelo kanye nezithasiselo zezimonyo noma ukudla kwezilwane, okuhambisana kahle nezimiso zomnotho ojikelezayo.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo iqembu elisicabangayo yilesi kukhuliswe kuze kufike ezimweni zangempela zokugaya umnqumoukuklama izinhlelo ezingasebenza ngobuningi obukhulu phakathi nesizini yamafutha omnqumo futhi zikwazi ukumelana nokuguquguquka kokwakheka kwamanzi amdaka phakathi nesizini.
Ama-microalgae ekuphatheni amanzi angcolile asezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasezimbonini
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka asemadolobheni okuvamile kuncike ezinqubweni zomzimba-zamakhemikhali kanye nezebhayoloji, nakuba zisebenza kahle, zingaba usizo kubiza kakhulu amandla kanye nama-reagentfuthi ngezinye izikhathi kukhiqiza udaka okunzima ukuluphatha. Kulesi simo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-microalgae kubhekwa njengendlela ehlukile noma umphelelisi okhangayo kakhulu.
Amanzi angcolile kamasipala nawezimboni ngokuvamile aqukethe ingxube ye izakhamzimba (i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus), izinsimbi ezisindayo, kanye nezinto ezingcolisayo ezivelayoLokhu kufaka phakathi izinkomba zemithi, imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu, kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane. Eziningi zalezi zinhlanganisela zihlala isikhathi eside futhi kunzima ukuzisusa ngokwelashwa okuvamile.
Ama-microalgae, ngokwawo, ayakwazi ukubamba izakhamzimba eziningi, ukulungisa izinsimbi ezithile, futhi, ngokuhlanganiswa namagciwane ahlobene nazo, ukuphula amakhemikhali ayinkimbinkimbi e-organicNgesikhathi se-photosynthesis zikhipha umoya-mpilo, okunciphisa isidingo somoya-mpilo osebenza ngomshini kuma-reactor, esinye sezici ezisebenzisa amandla amaningi esitshalweni sokwelapha amanzi amdaka esivamile.
Ngokusho kwezincwadi zesayensi zakamuva, izinhlelo zokwelapha ezisekelwe kuma-microalgae zingahlanganisa indlela ukulungiswa okuphelele kwe-bioZihlanza amanzi, zikhiqize umoya-mpilo, futhi zibambe i-CO₂.2 futhi kuhlinzekwe nge-biomass esebenzisekayo ku-biofuels, i-biofertilizer kanye neminye imikhiqizo enenani eliphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izinto eziphelele: izindlela zendabuko zokuvuna nokomisa i-microalgal biomass zivame ukuba kuyabiza futhi kudinga amandla amaningiLokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo okukhulu uma izinqubo zokuhlukanisa kanye nokuqinisekisa zingathuthukiswa.
Iphrojekthi yaseYurophu i-WWTBP-by-Microalgae: i-spirulina kanye nemibala ebiza kakhulu
I-European Union inenethiwekhi enkulu yendle, engaphezu kwe- Amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingu-3,2 zamapayipiezigcina zikhishelwa ezitshalweni zokwelapha. Yilapho-ke iphrojekthi yaseYurophu ingena khona. Amanzi Angcolile Aphenduke I-Blue Pigment-by-Microalgae (WWTBP-by-Microalgae), igxile ekusebenziseni amandla e-microalgae ethile, njenge-spirulina, ukuhlanza amanzi angcolile ngenkathi ikhiqiza imikhiqizo enenani eliphezulu.
Kule phrojekthi, i-spirulina isetshenziswa ukubamba izakhamzimba ezifana nama-nitrate nama-phosphate, kanye nokususa izinto ezingcolisayo, okuhlanganisa nezinsimbi ezithile ezisindayoNgesikhathi ihlanza amanzi, ikhiqiza i-phycocyanin, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obaluleke kakhulu embonini yokudla, izimonyo kanye neyokudla okunempilo.
Enye yezingqinamba ezinkulu kwakuyizindleko zokuqoqa nokomisa i-biomass, ngakho ithimba lagxila ku- thuthukisa amasu okuvuna asebenza kahle kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansiKwaqalwa inqubo yokwelapha enezigaba ezimbili futhi kwahlolwa indlela entsha yokufaka i-capsulation yamagciwane e-photosynthetic. I-Synechococcus, kuvame kakhulu endaweni yasolwandle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaklanywa uhlelo olusha ukuze ukuhlunga nge-electrocoagulation yokuvuna i-spirulina, okunciphisa kakhulu amandla adingekayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlukanisa ezivamile. Lokhu kuletha lezi zinhlelo isinyathelo esiseduze nokuqina komnotho ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni wangempela.
Izifundo ezivela kule phrojekthi zibonise nokuthi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, Ukukhanya okubomvu kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-biomass kanye nokukhiqiza umbalaIkakhulukazi, imiphumela emihle itholakale ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile avela ezimbonini zokwenza utshwala, lapho ukubanjwa kwe-CO2 kuhlanganiswa khona nezinye izinqubo.2, ukwelashwa kwamanzi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinhlayiya kanye ne-biomass enenani lokuhweba.
Izinselele zokuqaliswa: isimo sezulu, imithethonqubo, kanye nokwamukelwa komphakathi
Nakuba imiphumela yobuchwepheshe ithembisa kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa ngobuningi kwezinhlelo ezisekelwe kuma-microalgae kusabhekene izinselele ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzayoEsinye sazo isimo sezulu: izinhlobo eziningi ze-microalgal ziyanda uma amazinga okushisa aphansi kanye nemisebe yelanga encane, into ejwayelekile ebusika baseYurophu.
Ukuze banqobe lesi sithiyo, amaqembu ocwaningo ayahlola izinhlobo ezivumelaniswe nezimo ezibandayo neziphansi zokukhanya, njengalezo ezitholakala enyakatho yeYurophu. Lawa ma-microalgae aqinile angaqhubeka nokuhlanza ngisho noma isimo sezulu singesihle kangako.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabalala kwezinhlelo zokulima kuphakamisa imibuzo yezobuchwepheshe neyezomnotho: ama-reactor kanye nama-photobioreactor kumele aklanywe ukuthi gcina izitshalo ezizinzile ngobuningi obukhuluzivumela ukukhanya okuhle, zenza kube lula ukuvuna, futhi zincintisana ngezindleko uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe obuvamile.
Esinye isici esibalulekile umbono wokulawula kanye nowezenhlalo: ukusetshenziswa kwe-microalgae biomass evela amanzi angcolile emikhakheni efana nokudla, izimonyo noma imithi Kungaphansi kwemithetho eqinile kanye nezinga elithile lokungathembi abathengi, noma ngabe imikhiqizo yokugcina ihlanzwa futhi ilawulwa.
Ngakho-ke, amaphrojekthi afana ne-WWTBP-by-Microalgae nawo afaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kwe- izinhlelo zebhizinisi, ucwaningo lwemakethe, ukuhlaziywa kwezomthetho, kanye namasu okuxhumana, ngenhloso yokuthola izindawo zokufaka izicelo ezisebenzayo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo ziyahambisana nayo yonke imithetho yamanje.
Ukuya emnothweni ojikelezayo osekelwe ku-microalgae
Imizamo eminingi echazwe ifana ngendlela efanayo: ukuguqula lokho okwakuyimfucuza eyinkinga kube yimithombo ebalulekile. uwoyela wokupheka osetshenzisiwe, isibabule esisele, ukungcola komshini wokugaya uwoyela womnqumo noma amanzi angcolile enkampanini yokwenza utshwala njengezinto eziyisisekelo noma izisekelo zokutshala ama-microalgae zifanelana kahle nomqondo womnotho ojikelezayo.
Esikhundleni sokutshala amandla nemali ukuze kususwe ukungcola, umqondo uwukuhlanganisa izinqubo lapho ama-microalgae Zikhipha ukungcola emanzini, zibamba i-CO₂2 futhi kukhiqizwe i-biomass okuhloswe ngawo amafutha emvelo, umanyolo wemvelo, imibala yemvelo noma eminye imikhiqizo ethakaselwa yizimboni.
Lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zinganciphisa nokucindezela emanzini, zinciphise ingozi yokuphelelwa ngamandla, zithuthukise ikhwalithi yemvelo yemifula namachibi, futhi zifake isandla ku- ukunciphisa umthelela wekhabhoni emisebenzini eminingi yezimboniKonke lokhu ngaphandle kokudinga njalo ukusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha zamakhemikhali ezinolaka noma ezibiza kakhulu.
Kusenomsebenzi okusamelwe wenziwe: kunezinselele zokwandisa, ukwenza ngcono ukuvuna, ukubuyisa izinsimbi, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokungcola. Kodwa okuhlangenwe nakho eHuelva, e-Umeå, eJaén, eGhent, nakwezinye izikhungo kubonisa ukuthi ama-microalgae akhona. okungaphezu nje komthombo wamafutha emveloBangabalingani abaqakathekile ekucabangeni kabusha indlela esihlanza ngayo amanzi nokuthi senzani ngokungcola.
Esimweni esiphawulwe yinkinga yamanzi, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nesidingo sezinqubo zezimboni ezinomthwalo wemfanelo, ama-microalgae ahlanganisa isikhundla sawo njenge ikhambi lemvelo, eliguquguqukayo neliguquguqukayo ngokumangalisayo, ekwazi ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-biotechnology, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye namathuba amasha ezomnotho ohlelweni olulodwa.