Omunye wemibuzo emikhulu esivame ukuzibuza yona ukuthi kungani izinhlanzi zethu zifa uma sicabanga ukuthi silandela iziqondiso zokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nokugcinwa kwazo. Kodwa-ke, kuvamile ukunganaki imininingwane emincane ebangela ukufa kwazo. Ikhwalithi yamanzi, izinguquko ezisheshayo, kanye nokucindezeleka ngokuvamile kuyimbangela engabonakali.
Uma ufuna ukwazi izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani izinhlanzi zifa kanye namathiphu okwandisa isikhathi sazo sokuphila, nansi okuthunyelwe kwakho. Ngaphezu kwezisekelo, uzofunda ukuthi ungawagwema kanjani amaphutha avamile abaqalayo , yiziphi imingcele okufanele uzilinganise, kanye nezinqubo okufanele uzisebenzise ukuze ugcine i-aquarium yakho izinzile futhi inempilo.
Ukunakekelwa kwamathangi ezinhlanzi
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko amanzi ngokwawo, lapho sihlanza ithangi lezinhlanzi bese sisusa izinhlanzi ukuze sizifake esitsheni esinamanzi ompompi. I-chlorine ne-chloramine ziyingozi ezinhlanzini. Kunconywa ukuxuba iphesenti eliphezulu lamanzi ethangi namanzi amancane ompompi ukuze kulondolozwe imingcele yamanzi ethangi, futhi okungcono nakakhulu, lungisa amanzi nge-dechlorinator ngokulandela umthamo womenzi (njengesiqondiso, ezinye izithambisi zincoma u-5 ml ngamalitha angu-20 ).
Kudingeka siqaphele ngesitsha lapho sibeka khona izinhlanzi; kumele zihlanzeke ngokuphelele futhi zingabi namagciwane angazilimaza. Kodwa-ke, uma i-aquarium inakekelwa kahle, akudingekile ukususa izinhlanzi ukuze uyihlanze, njengoba le nqubo ingazicindezela futhi izibangele ukuba zife. Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, yenza ukuhlanza ngokushintsha amanzi kancane ngaphandle kokuhambisa izinhlanzi.
Uma uhlanza izingxenye ze-aquarium, qaphela kakhulu ukuthi ungasebenzisi imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali. Uma usebenzisa insipho, zihlanze kahle, yize lokhu kunganconywa; kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ashisayo nebhulashi ukuhlanza zonke izingxenye. Gwema izibulali-magciwane ezisusa amabhaktheriya awusizo esihlungini, njengoba lezi zibangela ukuguqula i-ammonia enobuthi ibe yi-nitrites bese kuba yi-nitrate engeyona ingozi kangako.
I-aquarium egcwele kakhulu ayinconywa ngoba ibangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu . Uma izinhlanzi zicindezelekile kakhulu, amathuba okufa ayanda. Akufanele futhi sifake izinhlanzi ezingahambisani : zingalimazana, ngezinye izikhathi zingabonakali, futhi ekugcineni zife. Njengesiqondiso esisheshayo, umthetho ojwayelekile uvame ukuba yilitha elilodwa lamanzi ngesentimitha lezinhlanzi ezindala , kucatshangelwa usayizi wokugcina wohlobo.
Esinye isizathu esenza izinhlanzi zife ukudla ngokweqile . Akufanele siziphe ukudla ngokweqile. Ukudla okungadliwanga kuyabola, kukhiqize i-ammonia/nitrites, futhi kudle umoya-mpilo , okonakalisa amanzi ngokushesha.
Ngale kokuhlanzeka, naka izinga lokushisa futhi ungahlanganisi izinhlobo zamanzi abandayo kanye nezinhlobo zamanzi afudumele. Izinhlanzi zamanzi abandayo (ezifika ku-~20°C), njenge-goldfish, i-telescope goldfish, noma i-shubunkins, zinezidingo ezihlukile kunezinhlanzi zamanzi afudumele (kusukela ku-~21°C), njenge-neon tetras, i-guppies , noma i-bettas. Ukuzixuba kuvame ukubangela ukucindezeleka okungapheli.
Qaphela ubulukhuni bamanzi : amanzi aqinile kakhulu noma athambile kakhulu awalungile. Sebenzisa izivivinyo ukuhlola i-pH, i-GH, i-KH , ikakhulukazi i-ammonia (NH3/NH4), i-nitrite (NO2-), kanye ne-nitrate (NO3-) . Faka futhi ulondoloze isihlungi esifanele umthamo we-aquarium kanye nomthwalo wezinto eziphilayo. Kuma-aquarium amancane (afinyelela kumalitha angama-55), isihlungi sangaphakathi esisebenzayo, njengesihlungi esicwiliswa emanzini, siyindlela enhle; kuma-aquarium aphakathi nendawo (amalitha angama-90-130), isihlungi sangaphandle esinamandla amakhulu ezinto eziphilayo sithuthukisa ukuzinza.
Ngokuphathelene nokushintsha kwamanzi , isiqondiso esiphephile ukushintsha phakathi kuka -20% no-30% wamanzi masonto onke . Kuma-aquarium azinzile kakhulu anezinhlanzi ezincane kanye nokuhluzwa okuhle, abanye abantu banciphisa ukuvama kokushintsha (isibonelo, u-10% njalo emavikini amathathu), kodwa ukuqapha ama-nitrate kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuma-aquarium angenasihlungi, izinguquko zamanzi kufanele zenziwe masonto onke . Ungalokothi uchithe yonke i-aquarium ngaphandle kwesimo esiphuthumayo.
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokufa kwezinhlanzi
Uma sesihlaziye izidingo ezahlukene zokunakekelwa ukuze kugcinwe inhlanzeko enhle ethangini lakho lezinhlanzi, ake sibheke izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani izinhlanzi zifa. Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko zokufa ezinhlanzini zase-aquarium kukhona ukucindezeleka nezifo . Lezi zinhlanzi ziyazwela kakhulu futhi zivame ukugula ngenxa yokucindezeleka ezibhekana nakho. Kulindeleke ukuthi, njengoba zihlala endaweni evalekile futhi zihlala zixhumana nezinye izinhlobo, ngeke kube yindawo elula kuzo.
Emvelweni, izinhlanzi zingacasha, zizulazule, zihlangane nezinye izinhlanzi, zivikelelane, zifune ukudla, njalo njalo. Zihlala zihambahamba endaweni enkulu kakhulu kuzo. Kodwa-ke, uma zise-aquarium, indawo yazo yokuhlala incane kakhulu. Konke lokhu kuyaba kubi kakhulu uma zabelana ngale ndawo yokuhlala nezinye izinhlobo zendawo.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu okufanele uziqaphele yilezi:
- Ikhwalithi yamanzi enganeleAmazinga aphezulu e-ammonia, ama-nitrites, nama-nitrate alimaza ama-gill kanye namasosha omzimba. Ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwe-pH noma izinga lokushisa kuyimbangela ukushaqeka okungaba yingozi.
- Ukuntuleka komoya-mpiloUkugcwala ngokweqile kwabantu, ukungahambi kahle kwegazi, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nezinto eziphilayo ngokweqile kunciphisa umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe.
- ukudla okungalungileUkudla ngokweqile kwehlisa isithunzi samanzi; ukudla okungalungile kubangela ukuntula ukudla okunomsoco kanye nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla.
- Ingcindezi ngenxa yokungahambisani noma indawo enganeleIzinhlanzi ezinolaka ezinokuthula, ingxube yezinhlobo zezilwane ezinezidingo ezihlukile, noma ama-aquarium amancane.
- Izifo ukutheleleka kwefungal, amagciwane noma i-parasitic, okuthandwa izinga eliphansi lamanzi nokucindezeleka.
- Amakhemikhali/izinsimbi ezinzimaAmanzi kampompi angalungisiwe noma izihlanzi ezisetshenziswa eduze kwe-aquarium.
Uma uthenga inhlanzi esitolo, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukunaka ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu ezibonisa ukuthi inhlanzi icindezelekile noma iyagula. Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa okulandelayo:
- Izinhlanzi zakho ziyakhula amachashazi amhlophe esikhunjeni.
- I-Las amaphiko ezinhlanzi aqala ukunamathelana (izimpiko eziboshiwe).
- I-aquarium ingcolile futhi ayizigcini izimo zokuhlanzeka.
- Izinhlanzi zinyakaza kancane kakhulu.
- Izinhlanzi ziqala bhukuda eceleni kwakho.
- Ungathola izinhlanzi entanta sibheke phansi.
Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kuyacaca ukuthi lezi zilwane zicindezelekile noma ziyagula. Udinga ukuhlonza umuntu othinteke kakhulu, noma okuwukuphela kwakhe othintekile, bese umhlukanisa . Qaphela, welaphe uma kudingeka, futhi uthuthukise imingcele ye-aquarium eyinhloko.
Ukuze unciphise izingozi, hamba ngebhayisikili e-aquarium ngaphambi kokungenisa izinhlanzi, usungule amabhaktheriya awusizo aguqula imfucuza enobuthi ibe yizakhi ezingalimazi kakhulu. Nikeza ukudla okulinganiselayo : njengesiqondiso esijwayelekile, nikeza lokho abangakudla ngaphansi komzuzu owodwa , izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku, futhi emaqenjini amancane, ungasebenzisa amagremu angu-1-2 ngezinhlanzi ezi-5 (ukulungisa ngokwezinhlobo/usayizi). Khetha ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu bese ushintshanisa phakathi kokudla okomile nokusha, isibonelo, ama-TetraMin Flakes kanye ne-Tetra FreshDelica Artemia , kanye nemifino ebhakiwe yezinhlobo ezidla uhlaza.
Cabanga ngokuhambisana: gwema ukuxuba ama-betta nezinye izinhlobo ezinde noma amaduna ezinhlobo zawo; ama-angelfish ahlala endaweni yawo njengoba esekhulile futhi angase adle izinhlanzi ezincane; ama-clownfish nezinye izinhlanzi zasolwandle akufanele zixutshwe nezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile, ngaphezu kokwehluka kwazo kokuziphatha. Ngisho naphakathi kwezinhlanzi ezinokuthula, kunemehluko emikhubeni yokudla : i-telescope goldfish idla kancane, kuyilapho i-goldfish idla ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ingashiya izinhlanzi ezihamba kancane zingenakudla.
Ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile kwezinhlanzi
Esinye isibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuthi izinhlanzi ziyagula noma zicindezelekile yini ukushayisana kaningi phakathi kwazo. Uma kunenqwaba yezinhlanzi e-aquarium, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zishayisane ngenxa yokugcwala okukhulu. Lokhu kwandisa amazinga azo okucindezeleka, okuholela ekushayisane kaningi futhi okungase kubangele ukulimala.
Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi i-aquarium ingase ingabi nkulu ngokwanele noma ukuthi unezinhlanzi eziningi kunalezo ongazigcina kahle . Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, qaphela kakhulu ngokuhlanza amanzi nokushintsha amanzi. Uma ushintsha amanzi e-aquarium, izinhlanzi zivame ukuhlangana ndawonye ngamabhakede noma endaweni encane kakhulu. Gwema ukuvumela lesi simo siqhubeke isikhathi eside kakhulu, njengoba ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezinhlanzi nokucindezeleka okubangelwa yilokhu kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwezifo ezithile.
Ezinye zizwela kakhulu. Nakuba ziyizilwane ezihlaba umxhwele, zivame ukuzwela izinguquko zemvelo . Cishe uke wabona izimpawu ezitolo zezilwane ezifuywayo ezithi "ungalithinti ingilazi" noma "ungasebenzisi izithombe ze-flash." Kufanele ulandele imithetho efanayo e-aquarium yakho yasekhaya. Ziyizilwane ezizwela futhi ezithuthumelayo; ukushaya ingilazi noma ukwenza umsindo omkhulu akukuhle empilweni yazo . Ebusuku, cisha izibani: izinhlanzi azivali amehlo azo, kodwa ziyaphumula futhi zidinga isikhathi sokudubula esizinzile.
Ezinye izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zifaka phakathi ukuhefuzela okuqhubekayo (mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-oxia noma i-nitrites ephezulu), ukubhukuda okungaguquki , ukukhuhla izinto ("ukukhanya"), amaphiko agobile, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Uma ukuhefuzela okuphezulu kubonakala e-aquarium enamalitha angu-60, isibonelo, anezinguquko zamanzi ezingu-30% masonto onke, hlola ngokushesha amazinga e-ammonia ne-nitrite; khulisa umoya (qondisa indawo yokukhipha isihlungi ukuze uphazamise indawo noma wengeze iphampu yomoya), nciphisa ukudla, futhi wenze ushintsho lwamanzi olungu-20-30% ngamanzi apholile ekushiseni okufanayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi isihlungi sisebenza kahle futhi ugweme ukuhlanza ngokweqile imithombo yezinto eziphilayo.
Khumbula ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila kanye nokukhula kuncike endaweni yokuhlala . Ezindaweni ezibanzi nezizinzile, izinhlanzi ziphila isikhathi eside futhi zikhula kangcono; ezindaweni ezincane ezigcwele kakhulu, ukukhula kwazo kanye nokuphila kwazo isikhathi eside kuyancishiswa. Nikeza izindawo zokucasha (izitshalo eziphilayo, imihume, izinkuni ezikhukhulekayo) ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka.
Amathiphu wokunweba impilo yenhlanzi
Sizokunikeza amathiphu okusiza izinhlanzi zakho ziphile isikhathi eside :
- Bamba izinhlanzi ngobumnene. Uma udinga ukushintsha amanzi ethangini lezinhlanzi, zama ukugcina lesi sikhathi sibe sifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Uma unezinhlanzi ezintsha, ungazethuli zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa.I-Acclimate: Nntanta isikhwama imizuzu embalwa ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa futhi kancane kancane wengeze amanzi e-aquarium esikhwameni (isibonelo, izikhathi ezintathu ngezikhathi zemizuzu emihlanu) ngaphambi kokuwakhulula. ukuhlukaniswa Ukuhlola kuqala kunconywa kakhulu.
- Uma uvamise ukuba nezivakashi endlini yakho, kungcono kakhulu gwema ukushaya ingilazi kusuka ku-aquarium noma wenze umsindo omkhulu kakhulu.
- Akunconyiwe ukubadlisa ngokweqile ngoba izinga le-ammonia liyakhula futhi amagciwane amaningi avela emanzini. Bavumele badle konke phakathi ngaphansi kweminithi eli-11-2 izikhathi ngosuku. Uma usebenzise kakhulu, susa okweqile ngenethi.
- Akunconywa ukugcina izinhlanzi ezingahambelani ndawonye ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium efanayo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuziphatha kohlobo ngalunye: gwema ama-betta anezinhlanzi ezinezinhlanzi ezinde, ungahlanganisi izinhlanzi zamanzi abandayo nezinhlanzi zamanzi afudumele, futhi uqaphele ubudlova bezinhlobo zezindawo ezinjenge-angelfish njengoba zikhula.
- Kuyathakazelisa ukubona zonke ukucaciswa kwamanzi nezinga lokushisaCabanga ngenani lemisebe, izinga le-oxygen, njll., inhlanzi ozoyethula esidingweni se-aquarium. Gcina i-pH izinzile futhi uqaphe i-GH/KH.
- Ukuhlobisa i-aquarium, Faka imali ngekhwalithi nokuphepha: gwema izinto ezicijile noma opende abangafaneleki.
- Biyela i-aquarium Ngaphambi kokwengeza inhlanzi, ungasihlanzi ngokweqile isihlungi. Amagciwane ayimpiloBacubungula i-ammonia ne-nitrites. Gwema ukusebenzisa amanzi ase-distilled njengomthombo owodwa; inikeza amaminerali ngokwezinhlobo.
- Ukushintsha kwamanzi njalo: ngokuvamile, 20-30% masonto onke ngamanzi I-air-conditioning Izinga lokushisa selivele lifana. Ezindaweni zasemanzini ezinzile kakhulu, zingancishiswa, kepha lokhu kudinga izilawuli eziqinile ze-nitrate.
- Izimo amanzi kampompiSebenzisa i-antichlorine/antichloramine. Njengesibonelo somthamo ojwayelekile, 5 ml ngamalitha angama-20njalo ulandela ilebula yomkhiqizo.
- Ithuthukisa umoya-mpilo kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi: qondisa indawo yokuhlunga ukuze uhambise indawo engaphezulu; engeza i-aerator uma kunokugcwala ngokweqile, ukushisa noma umthwalo ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo.
- Kuhlungwe ngokusho Mayelana nevolumu: emathangini amancane, isihlungi sangaphakathi esingaphansi kwamanzi siyasebenza; emathangeni aphakathi nendawo, isihlungi sangaphandle esinomthwalo omuhle webhayoloji sinikeza ukuguquguquka nokuzinza. Lungisa izinga lokugeleza ukuze ugweme ukugcizelela izinhlobo ezibhukuda kancane.
- Ukukhanyisa nge-photoperiod ezinzileUkukhanya kwemini, ubumnyama ebusuku; badinga nokuphumula.
- Ukudla okuhlukahlukene kanye nekhwalithi enhle: amanye ama-flakes/ama-pellets anokudla okufriziwe noma amajeli (isibonelo, I-TetraMin Flakes o I-Tetra FreshDelica Artemiafuthi ulungise izabelo ngokwezinhlobo. Iqhinga eliwusizo ukusebenzisa i- ukukala iso yenhlanzi njengereferensi elinganiselwe yokudubula ngakunye.
- qapha I-aquarium: bheka ukuziphatha nsuku zonke; lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zokugula, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha futhi ucabangele isibhedlela/ukuvalelwa yedwa.
- Susa inhlanzi efile ngokusheshaGwema ama-ammonia spikes ekuboleni; silahle ngokwemithetho yendawo.
Ukuze ulungise ithangi lakho nakakhulu, cwaninga ukuhambisana kwesitayela somsila nokubhukuda : ama-telescope ezinhlanzi ezinemisila emibili abhukuda kancane futhi angaba nokucindezeleka ngezinhlanzi ezinemisila eyodwa ezikhuthele kakhulu ( ama-comet , i-common carp). Futhi, gwema ukuxuba izinhlobo ezinemikhuba yokudla ehlukene kakhulu uma ungakwazi ukuqapha ukuthi zonke ziyadla.
Uma ufuna izincomo ezithile zokuhlunga, izihlungi zangaphakathi ezicwiliswa emanzini zisebenza kahle kuma-aquarium amancane (afinyelela cishe ku-55 L) ngenxa yokuthi kulula ukuzisebenzisa nokunakekela. Kuma-aquarium anama-90-130 L, isihlungi sangaphandle esine-media enkulu yezinto eziphilayo siyindlela enhle yokugcina ikhwalithi yamanzi izinzile. Qiniseka ukuthi ulinganisa izinga lokugeleza ukuze amanzi adlule kuma-media ngesikhathi esanele sokuxhumana.
Okokugcina, khumbula ukuthi izinguquko ezisheshayo ziyingozi ku-aquarium. Zijwayeze ukuhlola amanzi njalo (NH3/NH4, NO2, NO3, pH, izinga lokushisa), ukurekhoda amanani, nokwenza izinguquko kancane kancane . Faka izitshalo eziphilayo uma kungenzeka: ngaphezu kokunikeza indawo yokukhosela, ziyasiza ekuqiniseni ama-nitrate futhi zithuthukise ukunikezwa kwe-oxygen ngesikhathi se-photoperiod.
Ukunakekela izinhlanzi kulula uma uqonda ukuthi i-aquarium iyi- ecosystem : ukuzinza, ukuhambisana, kanye nemikhuba ebikezelwayo kubalulekile. Uma unciphisa ukucindezeleka, ugcina imingcele efanele yamanzi, wondla ngokulinganisela, futhi ukhetha ukuhlunga okufanele, izinhlanzi zakho zizophila isikhathi eside futhi ziphile impilo enempilo.
