I-butterflyfish iphakathi kwezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezincane nezihlabana kakhulu. Ingatholakala emanzini ashisayo nangaphansi, futhi ngenkathi ubuhle bayo buyisithonjana, abantu bayo bahlukene: Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini, kodwa imibukiso eminingana iyancipha ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwezixhobo, ukuhweba nezinye izici. Iqembu esilibiza ngokuthi i-butterfly fish lihambisana nomndeni I-Chaetodontidae, enenqwaba yezinhlobo zezilwane ezabelana ngezici nokuziphatha okuye kwathakazelisa izazi zemvelo nama-aquarists.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizokhuluma ngakho konke okuhlobene nale nhlanzi emangalisayo, okubuka kwayo endle kuncike empilweni yezixhobo. Abantu abaningi bazi ngabo kumadokhumentari nezincwadi ezikhethekile. Ungathanda ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zisengozini? nokuthi ungabanakekela kanjani e-aquarium ngokuzibophezela?
Izici eziyinhloko
Lezi zinhlanzi ngokuyinhloko zincane kuya kosayizi omaphakathi futhi zinomzimba omude, ocindezelwe. Ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo zamakhorali, zingahlukaniswa ngezazo umbala ogqame kakhulu namaphethini ahlabayo. Ngokuvamile banayo amabhande amnyama ekhanda, ngezinye izikhathi ukuvala iso, kanye ne-ocellus eduze nomsila edida izilwane ezizingelayo. Lokhu kubonakala, okukhumbuza amaphiko ovemvane, kubanika igama labo elivamile.
Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 zaziwa de peces uvemvane nemithombo ehlukahlukene icaphuna ngaphezu kwe-120 echazwe ngaphakathi I-ChaetodontidaeZisatshalaliswa kulo lonke olwandle i-Atlantic, Indian kanye nePacific, njalo in amanzi anosawoti. Ngokuqondene nosayizi, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zikala phakathi 12 futhi 22cm, nakuba kunezinhlobo ezincane ezingavamile ukudlula 10 cm, nezinye ezingavamile zingafinyelela ku-25-30 cm.
Ekuphileni isikhathi eside, uma behlala emanzini ahlala kahle futhi benikezwa ukunakekelwa okufanele, bangafinyelela Iminyaka engu-5-10Endaweni yabo yemvelo, izilinganiso ezivame kakhulu zikhona iminyaka 7, ehluka ngokuya ngezinhlobo kanye nokucindezela kokuzingela.
Iningi lama-aquarist liye laphupha ngokugcina i-butterflyfish ngesikhathi esithile. Ubuhle babo bungajatshulelwa uma bugcinwe ezimeni ezinzile, kodwa nansi inselele: izinhlobo eziningi ziyafuna nemingcele yokudla namanzi. I-aquarium yasolwandle evuthiwe, enedwala eliphilayo kanye nenqubo yokulungisa engenasici, iwukhiye wokuphindaphinda lokho okunikezwa yimvelo.
Izici ze-anatomical ezithakaselwayo: umzimba wayo oyisiyingi kanye nomzimba omncane omncane, kwesinye isikhathi ikhala lide ukuze lihlole imifantu, amaphiko aqhubekayo emhlane nangemuva anemisebe eyi-spiny (ngokuvamile i-12–13 dorsal spines), kanye ne-caudal fin evame ukuba yindilinga noma incishiswe kancane. Izingane zingena esigabeni se-pelagic larval esibizwa ngokuthi tholichthys, enamapuleti angamathambo anikeza isivikelo kuze kube yilapho ehlala ogwini.
Ngaphezu kokukhanga kwayo, yayo imibala igcwalisa imisebenzi yemvelo: Zenza kube lula ukufihla phakathi kwamakhorali, ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-conspecifics, kanye nokudideka phakathi kwezilwane ezidla ezinye ngenxa ye-ocelli yazo kanye namabhande obuso. Lesi sibonakaliso esibonakalayo siwusizo ikakhulukazi emanzini acwebile, akhanyiswe kahle.
Emalungwini amaningana eqembu, i umlomo uyancipha futhi ube mude Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imindeni, lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zikwazi ukufinyelela izilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla emifantwini engafinyeleleki. Ezinye izinhlobo zibonisa ukukhethekile ngokwedlulele, okwenza ukudla kwazo kube nzima ukukhiqiza lapho zithunjiwe.
Ukubukeka nendlela yokuphila
Ngezinye izikhathi badidekile ne Inhlanzi yengelosi, njengoba behlanganyela imizimba ecindezelwe nemibala egqamile. Nokho, ngokuvamile i-butterfly fish inakho amabhande amnyama azungeze iso futhi umlomo wayo ukhombe kakhulu, ukhethekile ngokucofa ama-polyps, izipontshi noma izilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla phakathi kwemifantu yamakhorali. Izinhlobo eziningi nazo zibonisa a imbiza yamehlo yamanga eduze nomsila.
Ngokuvamile, Ziyizinhlanzi zansuku zonke: Zidla emini futhi ziphumule e-coral ebusuku. Ukudla kwabo kuhlukene futhi kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo: kusuka ama-corallivore akhethekile (ama-coral polyps) kubathengi bezipontshi kanye ne-algae, ama-crustaceans amancane, zooplankton, noma izinhlanganisela omnivorous. Le spectrum yokudla ichaza ukuthi kungani ezinye izibonelo kunzima kakhulu ukuzigcina zivalelwe.
Izinhlobo ezinkulu zivame ukuba zodwa kakhulu noma zibonwa kuzo abashadile abashadile ezihlala ndawonye isikhathi eside. Ezinhlotsheni ezincane noma ze-planktivorous, zingabonakala izinhlanzi ukudla kukholomu yamanzi. Izimvemvane eziningi vikela ama-micro-territories lapho zithembele ekhoralini elithile njengomthombo wokudla.
Bayizisulu zezilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye njenge impisi inhlanzi, ama-snappers, ama-moray eels noshaka. Usayizi wabo omncane futhi ukushelela phakathi kwemifantu Ikhono le-reef lokubalekela ukubanjwa. Ebusuku, bavame ukunciphisa umsebenzi wabo, ukufihla, futhi kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ngisho ukuthambisa umbala wayo ukuze bazifihle kangcono futhi bonge amandla.
Zincane ngokusemaceleni kanti umzimba wazo umise okweqanda. Ikhala lingagqama kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezifana I-Forcipiger, ebavumela ukuba bondle ezindaweni ezijulile. I-dorsal fin iyaqhubeka futhi i-caudal fin ivamise ukuba yindilinga noma incishiswe. Nakuba iningi linemibala egqamile, kunezinhlobo ezinamaphethini aphuphile Okumnyama nokumhlophe, ngaphezu kwezinhlanganisela ezivame kakhulu ze ophuzi, osawolintshi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nemininingwane ebomvu.
Esinye isici esithakazelisayo yisona ukuphumula ebusuku Emifantwini noma phakathi kwamakhorali, lapho enciphisa khona umsebenzi wawo we-metabolic futhi, kwezinye izimo, ayafiphala ukuze agweme ukutholwa. Le nqubo yansuku zonke, ehlanganiswe neziqongo zokudla ekuseni nakusihlwa, ichaza ukuziphatha kwabo emanzini ngokuncintisana okukhulu kwezinsiza.
Ibanga nendawo yokuhlala
Izinhlanzi zovemvane zisakazwa kabanzi kuzo zonke izilwandle. Indian, Pacific kanye Atlantic, ngenani eliphakeme lezinhlobo zezilwane e I-Indo-PacificBakhetha amanzi ashisayo nangaphansi, kanye nezindawo ezifudumele, lapho kukhona khona izakhiwo zamakhorali ezakhiwe kahle ezibanika ukudla nendawo yokuhlala.
Indawo abayithandayo yi- izixhobo zamatshe namakhorali, ikakhulukazi emithambekeni, izixhobo zangaphandle namachweba anama-branching corals. Ukujula okuvamile kukhona ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-20, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zingaphila ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha angu-50-60 futhi ziye zabikwa ngisho nokufika cishe ku-180 m ezindaweni ezithile.
Emini, ngokuvamile zidla eduze kwedwala, lapho zithola khona ukudla nezindawo zokucasha ezilwaneni ezizingelayo. Ebusuku, bangena bajule emanzini. imifantu yamakhorali yokulala futhi ugweme ukuzingelwa. Ezindaweni ezine-zooplankton eningi, kwakheka ezinye izinhlobo ukuphakela amaqembu, kuyilapho izimvemvane ze-corallivorous zivame ukwakheka amapheya ezindawo abathi inhloko ye-coral noma ye-coral njengekhaya labo.
Isimo sokulondoloza asifani kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane. Abaningi bahlukaniswa ngokuthi Ukukhathazeka Okuncane, kodwa abanye bayabonisa ukwehla ngenxa yokufiphala kwamakhorali, ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala, ukungcola, nokuxhashazwa ngokweqile kwendawo. Impilo yezixhobo ezifuywayo ibalulekile ekuphikeleleni kwazo: ngaphandle kwamakhorali, ukudla kwazo okuningi nesiphephelo kuyanyamalala.
Izixhobo zamakhorali ziyabahlinzeka ukudla nokuvikelwa, kodwa futhi zisebenza njengezindawo zokuqomisana eziyinhloko nezizalela izingane. Ukulahlekelwa kobunkimbinkimbi besakhiwo sezixhobo zamatshe kunciphisa izizinda futhi kwandisa ukuncintisana, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukuphila kwazo.
Izinhlanzi ze-Butterfly kuma-aquariums
Njengoba sekushiwo, i-butterfly fish ingaphila iminyaka eminingana ama-aquariums avuthiwe, kodwa akuzona izinhlobo zabaqalayo. I-aquarium kufanele ilingise indawo yayo yemvelo ngamatshe aphilayo, ama-nooks nama-crannies, nezindawo zokubhukuda ezivulekile. Uma amakhorali engeziwe, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi bazozimpintsha noma zizowadla, ngakho-ke aziphephile ezindaweni zasolwandle ezinamadwala e-LPS/SPS ngaphandle kokukhetha kakhulu.
Amapharamitha angumhlahlandlela wokunakekela ngendlela efanele: lokushisa 24-28 °C (ibanga eliphephile elilinganiselwa ku-22-26 °C), pH 8.1-8.4, i-alkalinity 8–12 dKH y usawoti 1.020–1.025. Gcina i-ammonia ne-nitrites ku-0 nama-nitrate aphansi ngokusemandleni (<10–20 ppm) asiza ekuvimbeleni ukucindezeleka kanye nezifo. Amasosha omzimba anempilo abalulekile. ukuhlunga kahle, ukuhamba kahle kwegazi kanye nezinguquko zamanzi ngokwengxenye ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngokuqondene nevolumu, ama-aquariums okungenani 250-300 amalitha ezinhlotsheni ezincane noma ezolile, ezikhuphukayo 400 amalitha noma ngaphezulu ezinhlotsheni ezinosayizi omaphakathi kakade Ama-600 amalitha emathangini omphakathi anezibonelo ezimbalwa. Ngokwesibonelo, I-Chaetodon falcula ngokuvamile idinga ≥400 amalitha, kuyilapho ukugcina amaqembu azinzile noma imibhangqwana emphakathini kwandisa izidingo zesikhala.
Iningi lazo lingondliwa nge ulwelwe, izipontshi namakhorali emvelweni, ngaphezu kwama-invertebrates amancane nama-plankton. Ekuthunjweni, okufanelekile yi-a ukudla okuhlukahlukene nge-mysis, i-brine shrimp, amalungiselelo esipontshi, amafomula asolwandle acebile, ama-macroalgae (nori), spirulina kanye nokudla okukhethekile kwasolwandle. Lezi zinhlanzi ziningi kakhulu ukuzwela izinga nenhlobonhlobo yokudlaUkunikeza ukudla okuncane izikhathi eziningana ngosuku kusiza izingane ukuba zizivumelanise nezimo. Ukukhethwa kwekhwalithi yekhwalithi yokudla okuthengiswayo kanye nokudla okufriziwe kunciphisa ukuntula komsoco.
Izinhlanzi ezincane kulula ukujwayela izimo zethangi. Kufanele zondliwe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku ukuze zithuthuke kahle. I-aquarium kufanele inikeze izindawo eziningi zokucasha kanye nezindlela zokunciphisa ingcindezi. Ngokuvamile banamahloni futhi banokuthula ekuziphatheni, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuzihlanganisa nabo bathule abangani njengama-gobies, i-damselfish engenalo ulaka, noma i-clownfish, egwema izinhlobo zezindawo ezihlala kakhulu. Ezinhlotsheni ezidla amakhorali, indawo ingakhula, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqapha ukusebenzisana.
Lezi zinhlanzi zivame ukubonakala zodwa noma ngazimbili, futhi uma zigcinwe ngamaqembu zingavela hierarchies kanye nolaka phakathi kwe-conspecifics. Kungcono ukuthi ungethuli izifanekiso eziningi ze- izinhlobo ezifanayo ezindaweni ezincaneUma ubheka ukwakha umbhangqwana, faka a iqembu elincane lentsha kanye nokuhlinzeka ngendawo nezindawo zokucasha kungandisa amathuba okubhanqa; emva kwalokho, kuwumqondo omuhle ukunciphisa iqembu libe ngababili abazinzile.
Imikhuba emihle yokugcinwa kwama-aquarists anolwazi: yenza izinguquko zamanzi njalo (isb., 10-15% ngesonto noma 20-30% njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili), ukuqapha njalo amazinga e-ammonia, nitrite, ne-nitrate, futhi ukuzivalela Izibonelo ezintsha kufanele zengezwe ukuze kugwenywe ukwethula ama-parasite. Emathangini anamatshe aphilayo kanye nezilwane ezincane ezizinzile, ukutholakala kwezilwane ezifuywayo zemvelo kuthanda ukujwayela. Ukuxuba akunconywa. izinhlobo eziningana zohlobo olufanayo ngamavolumu aqinile ukugwema ukuxutshwa noma izingxabano.
Mayelana nokuzala, asizange sikhulume ngakho ngokuningiliziwe ngoba Ukuzalanisa abathunjiwe kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi akuvamile ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Kunjalo oviparous bese udedela amaqanda nesidoda kukholomu yamanzi; amaqanda avundisiwe ayi-pelagic, ahamba nemisinga njenge-plankton. gazinga dlula esigabeni se-tholichthys namapuleti amathambo aze abe yizingane ezizinzile. Naphezu kokuthambekela kwabo ekwakheni imibhangqwana eshadileEkuthunjweni, akulula ukuyenga ukubeka nokukhulisa ngempumelelo intsha.
Impilo nokuvikela: the isifo sofuba (i-edema yesisu ehambisana nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane), white point marine (Cryptocaryon), the i-velvet (Amyloodinium), izimuncagazi zangaphandle ezifana ama-flukes nocingo iphuzu elimnyama (ama-turbellaria) yizinkinga ezibikiwe. Gwema iziqongo ze-ammonia ne-nitrite, gcina ama-nitrate aphansiUkuhlinzeka ngokudla okuhlukahlukene kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngokusebenzisa izindawo ezifanele zokucasha nokuhambisana kuwukuvimbela okungcono kakhulu. Uma izimpawu zivela, kunemithetho ethile kanye nemithi ye-aquarists okufanele isetshenziswe ngokuhlakanipha futhi, okungcono kakhulu, ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa.
Izibonelo eziwusizo kanye nelukuluku lokuhlonza nokuqonda ukuhlukahluka kweqembu: I-forcipiger flavissimus (i-butterflyfish ephuzi) ingafinyelela kufika ku-22 cm, ikhombisa ikhala ende kakhulu, ikakhulukazi umbala ophuzi futhi idabuka e I-Indo-PacificI-oviparous, i-gonochoric (ubulili obuhlukene) futhi ayivezi i-dimorphism yocansi esobala. I-Chaetodon falcula (i-black cradle butterfly) inokuthula kakhulu, kodwa hhayi i-reef ephephile ngoba ingadla amakhorali e-SPS/LPS nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla; ngokuvamile kudinga aquariums of ≥400 amalithaLawa manothi akhombisa ukuthi izidingo kanye nokuhambisana kanjani ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezinhlobo.
Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, okuthiwa I-butterflyfish yase-Afrika amanzi ahlanzekile (I-Pantodon buchholzi) akusikho okwa I-Chaetodontidae. Kuyinto isilwane esizingelayo enamaphiko amakhulu e-pectoral ayivumela ukuthi intshebeze kafushane futhi idinga ukusethwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile ahlukile, anohlu oluhlukile lwamapharamitha nosayizi we-aquarium. Ngokufanayo, i- butterfly koi Kuyinhlobonhlobo ye-pond carp, engenabo ubudlelwano be-taxonomic ne-marine carp echazwe lapha.
Okunikezwayo i-aquarium enkulu futhi ezinzile, idwala eliphilayo, izindawo zokucasha, imingcele eqinile yezindawo ezishisayo, ukudla okuhlukahlukene okugxile ezidingweni zohlobo ngalunye, ukudla njalo Yondla ngezingxenye ezincane, sebenzisa abangani abanokuthula, futhi ugweme amakhorali uma uhlobo ludla amakhorali. Ngalezi ziqondiso, i-aquarist enolwazi ingajabulela ngokuzibophezela ubuhle bayo obuhlukile.
Ngalolu lwazi, uzokwazi ukufunda kabanzi ngomunye wezinhlanzi ezifuna ukwazi kakhulu emhlabeni. Umbala wabo, imikhuba yansuku zonke, imikhuba yokumatanisa, nobudlelwane obuseduze ne-reef kubenza babe igugu ukulibona kanye nenselele ethokozisayo kuma-aquaistics athuthukile. Wake wayibona inhlanzi yevemvane ngaphambili?
Eminye imininingwane ewusizo ye-aquarist
Nakuba ububanzi bamalitha angu-250–400 busebenza njengesiqondiso, abanakekeli abaningi abanolwazi bayatusa umthamo kusuka ku-280 kuya ku-560 amalitha ngamaqembu amancane noma izinhlobo ze-planktivorous ezisebenzayo. Lesi sikhala esengeziwe sithuthukisa i ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali futhi kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kokuncintisana.
Ekudleni, kushintshana I-Mysis, i-brine shrimp, ne-krill eqoshwe kahle ngamalungiselelo ahlanganisa izipontshi nolwelwe. Okwezibonelo ezinamahloni noma ezisanda kufika, ukufaka ukudla phakathi amavithamini kanye evuselela iphangoGwema ukuthembela kuma-flakes kuphela: ukudla kwakho kufanele kube okuhlukahlukene futhi okucebile ngamaprotheni ekhwalithi.
Ukuqinisa ukuvikela impilo, cabanga 3-4 isonto ukuvalelwa ethangini elihlukile elinokubukwa kwansuku zonke, ukuhlolwa kwe ammonia/nitrite/nitrate futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuqeda izikelemu ezithile. Isistimu ye-UV enosayizi omuhle kanye ne-a ukuvuthwa kwangempela kwebhayoloji kusuka ku-aquarium enkulu ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuqubuka kwe-protozoa nama-dinoflagellate.
Ukuhambisana nokuziphatha komphakathi
- Ukuhlalisana okuhle nezinhlanzi Umlingiswa othule nama-non-fin-peckers: ama-gobies, ama-blennies angenalo ulaka, i-clownfish ne-surgeonfish enokuthula.
- Gwema ukuxuba izinhlobo ezifanayo kakhulu (ubulili obufanayo) ngamalitha ambalwa ukuvimbela ukuncintisana kanye nengcindezi.
- Ema-corallivores, i ukuzivikela kwe-microterritory kugqame kakhulu; qiniseka ukuthi une-rock ephilayo nezindlela zokuphunyuka.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile okufanele uwagweme
- Kwethulwa i-butterflyfish ezindaweni zasemanzini emusha noma engazinzile: : ukuzwela kwayo kudinga imijikelezo emisiwe yebhayoloji.
- Ukucabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu "uphephile emanzini": izinhlobo eziningi Bahlaba i-SPS, i-LPS nama-polyps ithambile ngaphandle kokukhetha.
- Yondla kanye kuphela ngosuku: kangcono ezincane, izingxenye ezivamile ukulingisa iphethini yabo yemvelo yokudla.
- Ukunganaki ukulawula ama-nitrate nama-phosphates: Amazinga aphezulu asengozini yokungenwa izifo kanye nokungathandi ukudla.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha: amanothi athuthukile
Ngokwemvelo, ukukhiqiza kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa imijikelezo yenyanga, amagagasi kanye nemimoya yezinkathi ezithile zonyaka okwenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kwezibungu. Ngemuva kokuzala kwe-pelagic, amaqanda ayantanta njengengxenye yeplankton futhi achanyuselwe izibungu ezincane ezidinga i-zooplankton enhle (isb., ama-rotifers). Ekuthunjweni, ngisho noma kubhanqiwe ngababili, impumelelo incike ukudla njalo izibungu kanye nezimo ezizinzile kakhulu, yingakho kuqabukela kufinyelelwa kuma-aquariums asekhaya.
Impilo: izimpawu eziyisixwayiso nokunakekelwa
- Ukukhathala noma ukuphefumula kanzima ingase ibonise ama-ammonia/nitrite spikes noma ukuba khona kwezimuncagazi zangaphandle.
- Amabala amhlophe akhombe: i-Cryptocaryon esolwayo; uthuli lwegolide: kungenzeka i-Amyloodinium; amachashazi amnyama: "black ich" uhlobo lwe-turbellarian.
- Ukuvuvukala kwesisu kanye nescaly, izikali eziphakanyisiwe: izimpawu ezivamile ze-drosy zemvelaphi yebhaktheriya engaba khona.
Hlukanisa isiguli phakathi i-aquarium yasesibhedlela, ukuhlola imingcele, ukulungisa umoya-mpilo, nokubonana nemithi ethile yokusetshenziswa olwandle kuyizinyathelo ezihlakaniphile. Gwema imithi eyimpumputhe ethangini elikhulu elinezilwane ezingenamgogodla.
Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo nezibonelo
Kunezinhlobo ezidumile ngobuhle bazo njenge i-copperband butterflyfish, the isikali separele noma i ikhala eliphuziUkukhanga kwabo akuhlali kuhambisana nokulula kokugcinwa: izinhlobo ze-planktivorous noma omnivorous bajwayele ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kangcono kunama-corallivore aqinile. Ezinhlotsheni ezifana I-Chaetodon auriga, imijikelezo yokuzala iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izimvula, amagagasi nenyanga, kanye nefomu imibhangqwana ezinzile engahlala iminyaka, nge-dimorphism yobulili esobala.
imibuzo esheshayo
- Ingabe i-butterfly fish ilala? Yebo; ngokuvamile bayakwenza. phumula emifantwini ukunciphisa umsebenzi futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, ukushuba imibala yayo.
- Ingabe anobuthi? Cha; ayinabo ubuthi Akuyona eye-aquarium noma eyabantu, nakuba ingacatshangelwa ukuthi idliwe.
- Bangakwazi ukuhlala bodwa? Bangakwazi, kodwa kunciphisa ukuvuselela kwayoIzinhlobo eziningi ziyazuza ngokuhlala ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane uma isikhala sivuma.
- Ingabe afanele abasaqalayo? Ngokuvamile, cha; zidinga ulwazi olwandle, ukuzinza kanye nesiyalo sokunakekela.
Isikhumbuzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezifanayo ezinegama elifanayo elivamile
El I-butterflyfish yase-Afrika (I-Pantodon buchholzi) amanzi ahlanzekile, ezingahlobene con I-Chaetodontidae, futhi idinga ukusetha okuhlukile, okunobubanzi obuhlukile bemingcele nokunikezwa kwamandla. Ngokwengxenye yayo, i butterfly koi Kuyi-carp yechibi enamaphiko amade futhi engahlobene ne-marine carp. Ukuzihlukanisa kugwema amaphutha okuthenga nokunakekelwa okungafanele.
Uma uzothenga i-butterfly fish, bheja abahlinzeki abanomthwalo wemfanelo, gwema ukuthenga okungahleliwe futhi ucele ulwazi mayelana nokuthwebula, ukudla kwamanje kanye nokuziphatha kwasesitolo. Ukuhlela kahle, ukudla okuhlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ukuhambisana okucatshangelwe kahle kuyisisekelo sempumelelo yakho yesikhathi eside.