Emhlabeni wasemanzini, esinye sezihloko esiye savusa isithakazelo esikhulayo eminyakeni yamuva nje umthelela umsindo onawo ekuziphatheni kwezinhlanzi. Nakuba ngokuvamile bekucatshangwa ukuthi izinhlanzi ziyizilwane ezithembele kuphela ekushukumiseni okubonakalayo nokunuka, iqiniso liwukuthi umuzwa wokuzwa udlala indima ethile. indima ebalulekile ekusindeni kwabo. Imisindo eyenziwa yimisebenzi yabantu ayishintshi nje kuphela ukuziphatha kwabo, kodwa ingabanga imiphumela eyingozi isikhathi eside empilweni yabo nasezinhlelweni zemvelo lapho behlala khona.
Indlebe yangaphakathi yezinhlanzi: Ithuluzi elibalulekile
Ngokuphambene nalokho abaningi abangase bakucabange, izinhlanzi zine- yakha uhlelo lwangaphakathi lokuzwa. Lesi simiso sihlanganisa ama-semicircular canals agcwele uketshezi kanye nezakhiwo ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-otoliths, azwelayo ekudlidlizeni futhi asize izinhlanzi ukuthi zizwe imisindo. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, njenge-carp nenhlanzi emndenini we-Characidae, isinye sokubhukuda sisebenza njengegumbi lokuzwakala kwe-acoustic, imisindo ekhulisayo endaweni yasemanzini.
Amanzi adlulisa umsindo ku-a isivinini esiphindwe kahlanu kuleyo yomoya, okusho ukuthi amasignali e-acoustic adlala indima ebalulekile ku ukuxhumana kwezinhlanzi, ukudla kwazo kanye nokutholwa kwezilwane ezidla ezinye. Nokho, leli khono lokulalela liyabenza sengozini kakhulu kumsindo wokwenziwa.
Imithombo yomsindo endaweni yezinhlanzi
Umsindo ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini ungaba nemithombo eminingana, kokubili okwemvelo kanye ne-anthropogenic. Owokuqala uhlanganisa umsindo okhiqizwa amagagasi, imisinga nokunye ukusebenzisana ngokomzimba emanzini. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwentuthuko yabantu kuye kwaletha amazinga abalulekile omsindo wokwenziwa, njengalokhu:
- Ukuhamba ngezikebhe, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi bezikebhe.
- Ukwakhiwa ngaphansi kwamanzi, njengokufakwa kwezinqwaba kanye nezakhiwo zamapulatifomu kawoyela.
- Ukuhlola kokuzamazama komhlaba kokukhipha uwoyela negesi.
- Umsindo okhiqizwa i-sonar nemishini yokuhamba yasolwandle.
Le misindo ayifinyeleli kuphela amaza ayingozi ngezinhlanzi, kodwa ngokuvamile zihlala njalo futhi zinde, zikhulisa umthelela wazo omubi. Ngokwezifundo zakamuva ezivela emanyuvesi afana neBristol, ngisho nemisindo emifushane ingakwazi shintsha izindlela zakho zokuziphatha, njengokudla.
Imithelela yomsindo ekuziphatheni kwezinhlanzi kanye nokwakheka komzimba
Umsindo we-Anthropogenic unomthelela oqondile ezinhlanzini, okhiqiza yonke into kusukela ekuphazamisekeni kuya ezinkingeni zempilo ezimbi. Olunye ucwaningo oluyingqopha-mlando olwenziwa ososayensi eNyuvesi yaseBristol lubonise ukuthi lapho izinhlanzi zase-aquarium zichayeka emsindweni wezikhulumi ezingaphansi kwamanzi, zazinikela. amaphutha okudla, ephambanisa imfucuza nokudla. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinguquko zingaholela ku:
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa: Ukuchayeka njalo emsindweni ophezulu kungalimaza amaseli ezinzwa endlebeni engaphakathi.
- Imithelela ekuxhumaneni: Izinhlanzi zincike kumaza omsindo aphansi ukuze zihlanganyele emphakathini. Umsindo uyaphazamisa lokhu kuxhumana, okwenza kube nzima ukwakha amaqembu noma umshado.
- Ingcindezi engapheli: Umsindo ophikelelayo udala izimpendulo zengcindezi, ukhiphe i-cortisol, ethinta amasosha akho omzimba futhi yandise ukuba sengozini kwakho ezifweni.
- Izinguquko ekuziphatheni: Ngaphezu kokudla ngendlela engaqondakali, izinhlanzi zingase zibonise ukuziphatha okuguquguqukayo, njengokukhula kolaka noma ukudideka.
Umthelela womsindo awugcini nje ngezinhlanzi zase-aquarium. Endle, izinhlobo zezixhobo zamakhorali noma ezindaweni ezinezimoto eziningi zingase zibhekane nazo izinselele ezifanayo noma ngaphezulu ngenxa yokungcoliswa komsindo.
Ukuhlolwa okuyizifanekiselo kokungcoliswa komsindo
Ucwaningo oluhlukene luhlole ukuthi umsindo uyithinta kanjani inhlalakahle yezinhlanzi, wandisa ukuqonda kwethu le nkinga:
- Ngesikhathi sobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, ukuncipha kwemisebenzi yabantu kusivumele ukuthi sibone ukuthi izinhlanzi zandisa umsebenzi wazo wezwi ezimeni eziphansi zomsindo, ukuthuthukisa ikhono lakho lokuxhumana.
- Ucwaningo ngezixhobo zamakhorali lubonise ukuthi umsindo wezikebhe ushintsha ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezihlanzekile kanye “namakhasimende” azo, kube nomthelela omubi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ze-ecosystem.
- E-Norway, i-FHF Research Fund yahlola imiphumela yomsindo ezinhlanzini ezifuywayo, yagqamisa ukuthi ungaholela emphumeleni obulalayo ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Izinyathelo zokunciphisa umthelela womsindo kuma-aquariums
Nakuba kugxilwe kakhulu ekunciphiseni umsindo endaweni yemvelo, abanikazi be-aquarium kufanele nabo thatha isinyathelo ukuze uqinisekise inhlalakahle yezinhlanzi zakho. Ezinye izincomo zifaka:
- Gwema ukubeka i-aquarium eduze kwamathelevishini, izipikha noma okokusebenza komsindo.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi amaphampu namasistimu okuhlunga asebenza ngendlela efanele futhi ngaphandle kokukhiqiza ukudlidliza okungadingekile.
- Sebenzisa i-insulating coatings ukunciphisa ukudlidliza kwemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcina izinhlanzi zisendaweni elinganiselayo kuthanda ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nempilo yazo. Bheka umhlahlandlela wethu ku izihlungi ze-aquarium ukuqinisekisa izinga elihle lamanzi.
Ukuphakamisa izindawo ezivikelwe ngokuzwakalayo, "njengamaphasishi athule" kanye nokwamukela ubuchwepheshe bokunciphisa umsindo okhishwa yimikhumbi, ezinye zezixazululo zokunciphisa lolu songo ezilwaneni zasolwandle.
Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokugcina indawo efanele enomsindo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ibhalansi yalezi zindawo eziyingqayizivele nezintekenteke. Ukunciphisa umsindo, kokubili ezindaweni zemvelo nasezindaweni zasemanzini zasekhaya, akuzuzisi izinhlanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi kuvumela ukuvumelana okungcono kwemvelo.