El i-silver argus fish (i-Selenotoca multifasciata) Kuyindlela ethokozisayo yama-aquarists afisa ukungena umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa we-aquarium yasolwandle noma labo abafisa inhlanzi enemibala egqamile, ekwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinokuziphatha okuguquguqukayo. Lolu hlobo, olwaziswa kokubili ngokukwazi ukumelana nokuhlukahluka kwamakhemikhali amanzi kanye nokubukeka kwawo okukhangayo, ludinga ukunakekelwa okuthile nolwazi ukuze lugcinwe ngempumelelo lusekuthunjweni.
Isithombe esifakiwe sezinhlanzi ze-silver argosi ​​ku-aquarium
Imvelaphi, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo
El izinhlanzi zesiliva, ogama lakhe lesayensi ngu I-Selenotoca multifasciata, iyingxenye yomndeni wakwaScatophagidae. Isatshalaliswa endaweni ebanzi esukela ogwini olusenyakatho ye-Australia, i-New Guinea, ne-New Caledonia, ukuya ezindaweni zemihlume, izizalo zemifula kanye nezindawo ezisogwini zemifula namachibi lapho kuhlangana khona amanzi anosawoti nahlanzekile. Ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zoLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya nasentshonalanga yePacific, nasezindaweni zokuhlala ezifana imifula, amaxhaphozi, amaxhaphozi, amachweba kanye nezindawo zomhlume. Inhlanzi elele Iphinde yabelana ngezindawo zokuhlala ezifanayo kulawo ma-ecosystem.
Phakathi nesigaba sayo sobusha, ingahlala emanzini ahlanzekile nanosawoti, ifudukele ezindaweni zasolwandle njengoba ifinyelela ekuvuthweni. Lesi sici sokufuduka siyivumela ukuthi ijwayelane nezinguquko kumazinga osawoti emanzini futhi yenza i-silver argus ibe ikhandidethi elihle kakhulu lezinguquko zezinguquko zamanzi ahlanzekile/amanzi anosawoti.
I-morphology nezici zomzimba
It ivelele yayo umzimba ocindezelwe eceleni kanye nokubukeka okuphakeme, enephrofayili engazelelwe ehlukanisa kahle ikhanda nomzimba. Ubukhulu bayo buyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi yisendle noma isekuthunjweni: endle ingafinyelela phezulu 40 cm, ngenkathi ise-aquarium akuvamile ukudlula 20 cm.
Iphethini yombala iyaguquguquka, nombala ogqamile uwukuthi isiliva eliphuzi ukuya koluhlaza, nakuba kukhona ama-shades asukela kusiliva okumpunga kuya ku-ocher, kuye ngeminyaka kanye nemvelaphi. Iyethula imigqa eqondile emnyama ukusuka emhlane bese ushona ngasesiswini, abe amachashazi ngaphansi komzimba. Lawa maphethini avamise ukunyamalala ezibonelweni zabantu abadala. emaphethelweni e-dorsal, anal and caudal fins Zimnyama ngombala, nakuba leli zwi lingafiphala ngokukhula.
La ikhanda Ibonisa amathoni aluhlaza kanye naphuzi, amehlo amakhulu, avelele, umlomo omncane, ovundlile, ongaphumi, kanye nemigqa eminingana yamazinyo. Izici eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-anatomical zifaka:
- 12 imigogodla y 16 imisebe ethambile ku-dorsal fin
- 4 imigogodla eqinile kanye nemisebe ethambile engu-15-16 ephikweni lendunu
- I-Pectoral ne-ventral fins iqondaniswe ngokuqondile
- Umzimba ocindezelwe nge-hexagonal uhlaka olujwayelekile lomndeni we-scatophagic
Imininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi yayo imigogodla yomgogodla iqukethe ubuthi, ezingabulali abantu, nakuba zingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu uma zibhoboze ngengozi.
Ukuziphatha nokuhlalisana nabantu
El izinhlanzi zesiliva kuwumusa onobungane, okusho ukuthi uthanda ukuhlala kuyo amaqembu noma izikoleUkuzigcina zodwa kungaholela ekucindezelekeni nasekuziphatheni okungajwayelekile. Ukuziphatha kwabo kuyasebenza futhi kunelukuluku, ngakho bajabulela ukubhukuda ezindaweni ezinkulu futhi badinga izindawo zasolwandle ezinezindawo ezicacile ukuze zihambe ngokukhululeka.
Njengoba benobudlelwane futhi abangenalo ulaka, bangahlalisana nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezinokuziphatha okunokuthula nezidingo ezifanayo zasemanzini, nakuba ukuhlalisana nezinhlanzi ezihamba kancane noma ezinezindebe ezinde kufanele kugwenywe, njengoba i-argus yesiliva ingakwazi ukuyidla. I-Angelfish idinga nokunakekelwa komphakathi.
Izimo ezikahle ze-aquarium
Unikezwe eyakhe usayizi omdala kanye nesidingo sokuhlala ngamaqembu, i-aquarium efanele kufanele ibe ivulekile: hhayi ngaphansi kuka-400 amalitha okweqembu lezifanekiso. Kuyanconywa:
- Nikeza indawo yamahhala ngaphambili yokubhukuda
- Ukuhlobisa ngezimpande, amatshe kanye nezindawo zokukhosela
- Gcina umoya owanele nokunyakaza kwamanzi, njengoba amanzi amile anomoya-mpilo omncane ongancibilikisiwe.
- Gwema ukulayisha ngokweqile izitshalo ezithambile, ikakhulukazi izingane, njengoba zidliwa kalula.
Nakuba emvelweni zihlotshaniswa nezindawo ezinohlaza, kuma-aquariums izitshalo ezinamahlamvu aqinile noma zokwenziwa Zingasiza ekudaleni kabusha indawo ezungezile, kodwa kufanele kuqikelelwe ukuthi azikhishwa noma azidliwa. Inhlanzi eqabulayo Bangase futhi babe yingxenye ye-aquarium enezinhlobo ezihambisanayo.
Imingcele yamanzi kanye noshintsho olusha lwe-brackish-marine
Enye yezinto ezingavamile zalolu hlobo yikhono laso lokukwazi ukumelana ukushintshashintsha kosawoti, okuwusizo kwabathanda ukuzilibazisa abafuna ukufunda ngokulungisa amapharamitha asemanzini:
- Ubusha: Bakhetha amanzi amasha noma anosawoti, aqinile ngokumaphakathi (kufika ku-14º KH), i-alkaline pH encane (kufika ku-8,0).
- Abantu abadala: Adinga ukwengezwa okuqhubekayo kosawoti wasolwandle, ofinyelela ukuminyana phakathi I-1,020 ne-1,024 ukwakha kabusha izimo zasolwandle.
- Ukushisa: Kumele igcinwe phakathi 20 kanye no-28 °C ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Indlela enconyiwe ye-aquarium brackish ukuxuba izingxenye ezine zamanzi ahlanzekile engxenyeni eyodwa yamanzi olwandle, ifinyelela ukuminyana okungaba ngu-1,005 kanye ne-pH 7,6 ezinganeni. Njengoba izinhlanzi zikhula, ukugxila kukasawoti kufanele kwandiswe kuze kube yilapho amazinga olwandle efinyelelwa kubantu abadala. I-Sailfish Baphinde bamelane nokushintsha kosawoti ezigabeni ezahlukene zokuphila kwabo.
Amanzi kumele avuselelwe njalo futhi kubalulekile ukuthi kube khona a uhlelo lokuhlunga lwebhayoloji olusebenzayo, njengoba i-argus fish esiliva izwela kuma-nitrogen compounds njenge-ammonia ne-nitrites, ikakhulukazi emanzini ane-alkaline. Ukuhlunga okufanele kanye nesimiso esiqinile sokuhlanza kuvimbela ukwakheka kwawo kanye nobuthi obungase bube khona.
Ukudla: Ukudla okukhethekile kwe-omnivorous
El izinhlanzi zesiliva I-omnivorous, ngokudla okuhlukahlukene okuyivumela ukuthi ikwazi ukuzijwayeza endle kanye nase-aquarium. Ukudla kwayo kuhlanganisa:
- Ukudla kwezitshalo: ulethisi, isipinashi, i-chard, ama-oat flakes nokhula lwasolwandle njenge I-Porphyra umbilicales, I-Porphyra yesoensis y I-Palmyra palmata.
- Ukudla kokuthengisa: ama-granules, izinti, amaphilisi nama-flakes, ikakhulukazi uma ejwayele kusukela esemncane.
- Ukudla okuphilayo noma okuqandisiwe: izibungu zomiyane, i-mysis, izinhlanzi ezincane kanye nezilwane ezingenamgogodla.
- Kuphekwe irayisi kanye neminye imifino ephekiwe.
Endle, baphinde badle imfucumfucu yezinto eziphilayo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile indle yezinyoni nezinye izinhlanzi, okunomthelela ekhonweni lazo lokuphatha izimo ezihlukahlukene ze-osmotic. Ezindaweni zasemanzini, noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuzivimbela ukuthi zingadli indle, njengoba ingase ibe ne-ammonia enobuthi.
Umehluko ngezinhlobo ezifanayo
El izinhlanzi zesiliva Ingadideka esigabeni sayo sobusha nge I-Scatophagus tetracanthus y I-Scatophagus argusUmehluko obalulekile uhlanganisa:
- Umzimba omude kakhulu ku-argus esiliva
- Isikhala esincane se-interradial membranous samafins
- Uhlaka lwe-hexagonal kanye ne-peduncle ende ye-caudal, ehlanganisa ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu yobude baleli phiko
- Umlomo wesikhombi kanye namehlo amakhulu ngokulinganayo
Lapho usukhulile, umbala webha namachashazi uyafiphala, wenze kube lula futhi kube lula ukuhlonza uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo.
Umehluko phakathi kobulili nokuzalana
Akekho i-dimorphism yobulili ebonakalayo Ku-argosi ​​yesiliva, okungukuthi, abesilisa nabesifazane abavezi umehluko obonakalayo wangaphandle obonakalayo. Ukukhiqiza kabusha okuyimpumelelo ekuthunjweni akubhaliwe, futhi kunemibono emibili mayelana nokuzala:
- Abantu abadala bafudukela emifuleni bayozalela futhi babuyele olwandle lapho sebefinyelele isilinganiso esithile sokuvuthwa.
- Ukuzala kwenzeka olwandle phezu kwezixhobo futhi amathosa akhuphuka emifuleni ukuze akhule.
Okwamanje, ukukhiqizwa okulawulwayo kwe izinhlanzi zesiliva ihlala iyinselelo yokuzilibazisa kwe-aquarium.
Ukubaluleka emanzini kanye nokukhetha kwabaqalayo
Le nhlanzi isizuze udumo njengenye ye izinketho ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi zemfundo Kulabo abafisa ukusuka emanzini ahlanzekile baye ezindaweni zasolwandle. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nokubekezelela ukuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene kwe-chemistry yamanzi kuvumela ama-hobbyists ukuba asebenzise ukukhohlisa kwepharamitha ngaphandle kokufaka impilo yabo engozini. de peces obucayi Inhlanzi yophondo lwembali Kubuye kube yisibonelo sezinhlobo ezidinga ukunakwa ku-aquarium adaptation.
Ukugcinwa kwazo kubhalwe phansi ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo kwe-aquaistics, kusukela emachibini okuhlobisa okuqala kuya ezindaweni zanamuhla ezihlala emanzini, lapho inani lilinganiselwe. de peces futhi ukuhlanganiswa kwamadwala aphilayo kanye nezilwane ezingenamgogodla kubekwa phambili ukuze kulingise izimiso zemvelo ezizinzile ezigcwele ukuphila.
El izinhlanzi zesiliva Iyigugu endaweni yokuzilibazisa yase-aquarium, hhayi kuphela ngobuhle bayo obuyingqayizivele kanye nokugqama kwemibala egqamile, kodwa futhi nangokuziphatha kwayo ngokuhlanganyela nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi njengesivakashi sokuqala sokuvakashela izindawo ezihlala emanzini ane-brackish nezasolwandle noma njengesifanekiso esivelele ezindaweni ezinkulu zomphakathi zasolwandle, le nhlanzi idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ezicini ezifana nevolumu yethangi, ikhwalithi yamanzi, kanye nokuhlukahluka kokudla. Ukukhetha okukodwa kuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka nokufunda okuqhubekayo, inqobo nje uma izidingo zayo zebhayoloji zihlonishwa futhi kukhuthazwa ukuhlalisana kweqembu okunempilo nendawo ekhuthazayo. I-Tetras Zibuye zidume ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini omphakathi ngenxa yokuqina nombala wazo.
