Inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu (I-Nannostomus beckfordi) ingenye yezinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini, kokubili ngemibala yayo emihle nokuziphatha kwayo komphakathi kanye nekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa kalula nezimo ezihlukene zasemanzini. Ngezansi, uzofunda ngokuningiliziwe konke okudingayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi ezincane ziyachuma ku-aquarium yakho, kusukela ekuziphatheni kwazo kuya endaweni ekahle kanye nokudla okufanele kakhulu.
Incazelo ebonakalayo kanye nezici zezinhlanzi ezibomvu zepensela
Inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu Ihlukaniswa ngomzimba wayo omude futhi omncane, ofinyelela cishe amasentimitha angu-4 ubude lapho usukhulile. Baziwa ngezabo umbala oqinile kanye nemigqa emithathu evundlile emnyama ewela ingemuva elivamile legolide noma elisiliva. Le phethini iyahlukahluka ngokuqina kuye ngesifanekiso futhi ikakhulukazi ubulili: Abesilisa abadala bakhombisa ithoni ebomvu eqine kakhulu egijima phakathi kwemigqa emibili engenhla esuka esweni iye ephikweni le-caudal. Njengezinye izinhlobo zohlobo lwayo, ayinayo i-adipose fin.
El i-dimorphism yezocansi Ibonakala kahle ezinhlobonhlobo. Ngaphezu kombala obomvu ogqame kakhulu kwabesilisa, bavame ukuba nomzimba omncane kancane futhi bavame ukusebenza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokukhwelana, lapho bengase babonise ukuziphatha kwendawo kwamanye abesilisa.
Imvelaphi nendawo yemvelo
Itholakala eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi izigodi zomfula i-Amazon kanye ne-Orinoco, inhlanzi ebomvu yepensela ihlala ikakhulukazi amanzi ahamba kancane, imifula emincane, nezindawo ezinamaxhaphozi ezinohlaza oluningi kanye nodoti wamaqabunga. Lokhu kukhethwa kwezindawo ezitshalwe ngokuminyene ezinothe ngezinto eziphilayo kunethonya elikhulu ezimweni ezifanele okufanele siziphindaphinde ku-aquarium yasekhaya.
Emvelweni bayakha amabhange amaningi, okubanikeza ukuvikeleka futhi ikhuthaze umsebenzi wabo wokuxhumana nomphakathi kanye nokuxhumana okuqhubekayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuyatuseka ukuthi uhlale ubagcina ngamaqembu ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka nezinkinga zempilo ezibangelwa isizungu.
Ukuziphatha nokuhambisana ku-aquarium
Inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu iwuhlobo olwaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yayo umuntu ohlalisanayo futhi onokuthula: Zijwayelana kahle nempilo ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini okwabelwana ngazo umphakathi ezinezinhlobo zobukhulu obufanayo nobumnene. Nokho, ngesikhathi sokuzala, Abesilisa bangase babe indawo ethe xaxa futhi bangayekeleli komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke kuhle ukubheka ukuziphatha kwabo futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukwandisa ukuminyana kwezitshalo noma izindawo zokukhosela.
Lezi zinhlanzi zizizwa zivikeleke kakhulu futhi zibonisa ukuziphatha kwemvelo lapho zihlala ngamaqembu okungenani abantu abayisi-8 kuye kwayi-12Ezikoleni, bavame ukundiza bezungeza i-aquarium, baxhumane futhi baveze imibala yabo egqame kakhulu, okuwuphawu lokuphila kahle.
Gwema ukuhlalisana nezinhlanzi ezinkulu noma ezinolaka, kanye nama-crustaceans amakhulu, njengoba inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu ingaba isisulu esilula noma ihlukunyezwe njalo. Ziyisinqumo esihle kakhulu sezindawo zasemanzini zomphakathi eduze kwama-characins amancane, ama-loricariids, ama-rasbora, nama-cichlids amancane.
Izidingo ze-Aquarium: ubukhulu, ukuhlobisa, nemingcele yamanzi
- Usayizi we-AquariumNakuba zingahlala endaweni ehlala amalitha angama-50 kuya kwangu-60 ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane, kungcono kakhulu ukubanikeza izindawo ezihlala emanzini amakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ugcina iqembu elikhulu, ukuze bakwazi ukubhukuda futhi babonise ukuziphatha kweqembu labo. Ingaphambili okungenani elingamasentimitha angama-60 liyanconywa.
- Ukuminyana kwezitshalo: Izinhlanzi zepensela ezibomvu ziyabonga ama-aquarium atshalwe ngokuminyene, enezimpande, iziqu, nezitshalo ezinamaqabunga amahle ukuze zikhoseliswe kuzo. Lokhu kuzisiza zizizwe ziphephile futhi kunciphisa ulaka phakathi nenkathi yokukhwelana.
- Ukuthumela okungaphansi: I-substrate ingaba mnyama noma yemvelo, ibe namahlamvu omile namagatsha, elingisa indawo yemvelo, ephinde ithande i-acidification encane yamanzi.
- Izinga lamanziZizwela kakhulu izinga lamanzi eliphansi, ngakho ukuhlunga okusebenzayo (ngaphandle kwemisinga enamandla) nokunakekelwa okuqinile kuyanconywa. Ukusebenzisa i-peat kusihlungi kungaba yinzuzo ekufinyeleleni imingcele efanelekile.
Amapharamitha afanelekile wenhlanzi yepensela ebomvu:
- Ithempelesha: phakathi kuka-24°C no-28°C.
- i-pH: 5,5 kuya ku-7,5 (i-acidic kancane ukuya kokungathathi hlangothi).
- Ubulukhuni: ithambile kuya kokuqina ngokumaphakathi (kufika ku-12 dGH).
Kubalulekile ukufeza izinguquko zamanzi ngezikhathi ezithile, okungenani njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ukuze kuqinisekiswe indawo ehlanzekile nezinzile. Ukuqoqwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinhlanganisela ze-nitrogen kungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yakho.
Ukudla okunomsoco: ukudla okuhlukahlukene kwezempilo nombala
Inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu omnivore futhi yamukela ukudla okunhlobonhlobo okunhlobonhlobo kahle uma sekujwayelane ne-aquarium. Nokho, kutuswa ukuba ukudla kwayo kuhluke ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kulondolozwe impilo yayo, kuthuthukise umbala wayo, futhi kukhuthaze ukuziphatha kwayo okusebenzayo. Ukudla okulinganiselayo kufanele kufake:
- Ukudla okomile: Ama-flakes, ama-granules ekhwalithi kanye nezinti ezakhelwe ngokukhethekile izinhlanzi ezincane.
- Ukudla okuphilayo noma okuqandisiweIzibungu zomiyane (ezibomvu nezimhlophe), ama-cyclops, ama-brine shrimp, ne-daphnia encane. Lezi zinhle ngesikhathi sokujwayela futhi zivuselela umsebenzi nombala.
- Izingxenye zezitshalo: ama-spirulina flakes, imifino e-blanched nechotshoziwe (i-zucchini, isipinashi), ukusiza ukugaya nokuhlinzeka ngezakhi.
Kubalulekile ukondla inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu amanani amancane izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, ukugwema ukushiya imfucumfucu phansi ukuze kugcinwe izinga lamanzi. Ukudla okuhlukahlukene nakho kusiza ukuzala futhi kuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha ku-aquarium
La ukuzala Ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi ezibomvu zepensela ku-aquarium kungenzeka uma izimo ezifanele zinikezwa. Ngokuvamile zihlakaza amaqanda azo phakathi kwezitshalo ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwabazali okulandelayo. Ukuthuthukisa impumelelo yokuzala:
- Sebenzisa i-aquarium ezalelayo enokukhanya okufiphele kanye nezimila ezinamaqabunga amahle noma ama-synthetic mops ukuze uzalele.
- Gcina amanzi ene-acidic kancane ukuze angathathi hlangothi kanye nezinga lokushisa elisezingeni eliphezulu (26-28°C).
- Yethula ipheya noma iqembu elincane, okungcono owesifazane oyedwa noma ababili owesilisa ngamunye.
- Ngemva kokuzala, susa abadala ukuze ubavimbele ukuthi bangadli amaqanda.
Amaqanda achanyuselwa phakathi izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi izibungu zingaqale zidliwe nge-infusoria noma ukudla okuthosiwe okuyimpuphu, kancane kancane zishintshele ku-brine shrimp nauplii.
Izifo, ukuvimbela kanye nokugcinwa
Njengezinhlanzi ezibucayi, inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu ingathinteka izifo ezivamile ze-aquarium, njengezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, isikhunta noma izimuncagazi uma izinga lamanzi liwohloka. I ukugcinwa okuqinile kanye nosizo lokubuka nsuku zonke ekuvimbeleni:
- Ukulawula ipharamitha: Hlola izinga lokushisa, i-pH nobulukhuni njalo.
- Ukuhlunga okusebenzayo: sebenzisa isihlungi esifanele ngaphandle kwamanje ngokweqile.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kweziguli: Uma ubona izimpawu (amabala, ukukhathala, ubunzima bokubhukuda), hlukanisa izibonelo ezithintekile.
Amathiphu engeziwe nezincomo zokuhlala ndawonye
- Gwema ukuminyana ku-aquarium, kusukela ngokweqile de peces kungaholela ekucindezelekeni, ukulwa kanye nokuwohloka kwamanzi.
- Ungahlanganisi izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezilwane ezinosayizi ofanayo noma indawo yokubhukuda. emanzini amancane, ukugwema ukuncintisana nobudlova.
- Ihlinzeka ngezindawo ezivulekile zokubhukuda eduze kwezindawo zokukhosela izitshalo eziminyene.
- Bazise ngaphambi kwezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu ukwenza lula ukujwayela kwabo.
Ngenxa yombala wayo, ukuhlalisana, nokuvumelana nezimo, inhlanzi yepensela ebomvu iwuhlobo olufanele kulabo abafuna ukujabulela ukuziphatha okungokwemvelo kwezinhlanzi ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini omphakathi. Ukuzigcina zisezimeni ezifanele nasemaqenjini afanele kuqinisekisa ubungqabavu bazo kanye nokubukeka kwazo kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium eklanywe kahle.