Omunye wemibuzo emikhulu yanoma iyiphi i-neophyte esemanzini ihlobene nento ebaluleke kakhulu lapho izinhlanzi zihamba khona, amanzi. Yingakho izihlungi ze-reverse osmosis zezindawo zasolwandle ziyisihloko esihle sempikiswano futhi ziyindlela enhle yokugcina izinhlanzi zakho ziphilile, zigcina imingcele ezinzile nelawulwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngokulandelayo sizokhuluma ngakho zonke izinhlobo zezihloko ezihlobene nesihlungi se-osmosis se-aquariumIsibonelo, iyini amanzi e-reverse osmosis, ahluke kanjani emanzini e-osmosis, yiziphi izigaba zokuhlunga ezijwayelekile, imishini igcinwa kanjani, yiziphi imingcele okufanele uziqaphe, kanye nezinzuzo zangempela zokuba nohlelo olunjalo ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unesithakazelo kulesi sihloko, sincoma nokuthi ufunde lesi sihloko esinye mayelana Isihlungi se-Eheimngoba inhlanganisela yokuhlunga okuhle kwemishini namanzi asezingeni eliphezulu iyisisekelo sanoma iyiphi i-aquarium ezinzile.
Izihlungi ezihamba phambili ze-osmosis zama-aquariums
Emakethe uzothola izinhlelo ezithile ze-reverse osmosis zama-aquarium kanye nezinye ezenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ekhaya ezingasetshenziselwa ne-aquarium. Isihluthulelo ukwazi. umthamo wayo wokuhlunga wansuku zonkeinani lezigaba ezifakiwe kanye nokulula kokuthola izingxenye ezisele.
Amamodeli ayisisekelo avame ukunikeza Izigaba ezi-3 zokuhlunga (isihlungi sediment, i-activated carbon, kanye ne-reverse osmosis membrane), okwanele ama-aquarium amaningi asekhaya. Izinhlelo ezengeziwe eziphelele zengeza izigaba zokupholisha noma zokuvuselela amaminerali ezengeziwe, iwusizo kakhulu uma ufuna ukulawula okunembe kakhulu i-chemistry yamanzi.
Ayini amanzi e-osmosis ama-aquariums?
Ukuqonda ukuthi yini amanzi e-osmosis e-aquarium, kumele siqale siqonde ukuthi amanzi angena ekhaya lethu anjaniNgakho-ke, amanzi angahlukaniswa ngokuthi athambile noma aqinile, kanti lawa abizwa ngokuthi ubulukhuni bamanziKuye ngokuthi iqukethe usawoti wamaminerali ongakanani, ikakhulukazi i-calcium ne-magnesium, uma ilukhuni, ingaba yingozi kakhulu empilweni yezinhlanzi zakho… kanye namapayipi akho.
Isibonelo, ezindaweni eziningi ezine amanzi ane-calcium eningi Ukuqongelela kwe-limescale emapayipini nasezintweni zikagesi kuhlala njalo, kangangokuthi cishe kuyimpoqo ukufaka isithambisi samanzi uma ungafuni ukuphelelwa amapayipi njalo ngemva kosuku olulodwa. Lokho kuningi kwamaminerali Umonakalo wamapayipi asekhaya nawo uqongelela e-aquarium, okwandisa ubulukhuni futhi kubangele izinkinga esikhathini esiphakathi.
Ungacabanga kanjani amanzi anjalo awanconywa, ngisho nangaphansi kwezinhlanzi zakhoYilapho-ke amanzi e-reverse osmosis eqala khona ukusebenza, okukuvumela ukuthi uqale kusukela esisekelweni esingenakungcola futhi ulungise imingcele yalokho uhlobo olugcinayo olukudingayo ngempela.
Amanzi e-Osmosis, noma amanzi e-reverse osmosis, amanzi lapho cishe wonke usawoti wamaminerali kanye nokungcola kususiwe khona.Umphumela uba amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu ekhwalithi ephezulu, okwenza anconywe kakhulu enhlalakahleni nempilo yezinhlanzi zakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kulezi zilwane, njengoba amanzi eyindawo yazo yemvelo eqhubekayo, futhi noma yikuphi ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali awo kuzithinta ngqo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zilwane zizwela kakhulu pH futhi i ubulukhuni bamanzi (GH kanye ne-KH), futhi njengoba amaminerali nokunye ukungcola kungazishintsha kakhulu, kungcono kakhulu ukuba namanzi asezingeni eliphezulu bese uwaphinda uwasebenzise ngokwezidingo ze-aquarium. Amanzi e-reverse osmosis avuselelwe kahle Kwenza kube lula ukujwayela izinhlobo eziningi ezibuthakathaka futhi kunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwamanzi.
Ngokuvamile Le nqubo ifinyelelwa kusetshenziswa isihlungi se-reverse osmosis (esizoxoxa ngakho ngezansi) futhi akudingekile ukufaka noma yimaphi amakhemikhali emanzini ukuze ahlanzwe. Le nqubo isekelwe ekuhlungweni komshini kanye ne-membrane engangeni amanzi kancane egcina izinhlayiya ezingafuneki.
Yini isihlungi se-osmosis esise-aquarium?
Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, lokhu akufezwa ngokungeza noma iyiphi into yamakhemikhali, kodwa ukuphoqa amanzi ukuthi adlule ochungechungeni lwezigaba zokuhlunga ngezinto ezahlukene (i-sediments, i-activated carbon kanye ne-reverse osmosis membrane, phakathi kwezinye). Ngale ndlela, amanzi "apholishwa" isinyathelo ngesinyathelo aze acishe abe ngamanzi acwengekile, kodwa atholakale ngendlela elawulwayo nephumelelayo yokusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokudoba.
Isebenza kanjani isihlungi se-osmosis?
Ngokuyisisekelo, igama layo selivele likhombisa ukuthi isihlungi se-osmosis sisebenza kanjani, njengoba yakhiwe uhlobo lwe-membrane engangeni amanzi kancane evumela amanzi ukuthi adlule kodwa igcina ukungcola esikhulume ngakho ngenhla ngevolumu enkulu kune-micron ethile (ngokuvamile ama-micron angu-0,001 kuma-membrane e-reverse osmosis e-aquariums).
Idivayisi futhi ine- ingcindezi ezinhlangothini zombili ze-membrane ukuthola izinhlobo ezimbili zamanzi: amanzi angenawo cishe wonke ukungcola, kanye namanzi angenawo, lapho lokhu kungcola kugxile khona. Isilinganiso phakathi kwamanzi ahlanzekile namanzi angenawo sizoncika emishinini, ingcindezi yokusebenza, kanye nokushisa kwamanzi angenayo.
Futhi, Ngokusho komkhiqizi, kungaba nezihlungi ezifinyelela kwezinhlanu ezahlukene. ukuze kubanjwe ukungcola okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kufinyelele ulwelwesi kanye nesigaba esilandelayo sokupholisha. Isibonelo, indlela evame kakhulu yokuhlunga amanzi ihlanganisa:
- Un isihlungi sokuqala sedaka Leli khatriji lisusa udoti omkhulu njengodaka, ukungcola, amatshe ayigugu, nezinye izinto eziqinile emanzini. Ngokuvamile lingama-micron ama-5 futhi inhloso yalo ukuvikela ezinye izihlungi ekuvinjweni yizinhlayiya ezinkulu.
- El filtro de carbón isenzo Ivumela ukususwa kwezinsalela ezincane, njenge-chlorine, ama-chloramine, izibulala-zinambuzane ezithile, amakhemikhali e-organic aguquguqukayo, ubuthi, nezinsimbi ezisindayo, kanye nokumunca iphunga. Lesi yisinyathelo esibalulekile ngoba i-chlorine ilimaza ulwelwesi lwe-osmosis olungemuva uma lungasuswanga kusengaphambili.
- Un isihlungi sesithathu, esenziwe ngekhabhoni, esibizwa nge-carbon blockInesibopho sokuqhubeka nokususa izinsalela esinyathelweni sangaphambilini (i-chlorine eseleyo, amakhemikhali e-organic, izinsimbi ezisindayo, njll.) kanye nokuqeda ukumuncwa kwamaphunga. Isebenza njengesigaba sokuhlanza ngaphambi kolwelwesi.
- ulwelwesi lwe-osmosis olubuyela emuva Kuyinhliziyo yesistimu. Yilapho iningi losawoti oncibilikisiwe, amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zigcinwa khona. I-membrane ihlunga kuze kufike kubukhulu obungaba ngu-0,001 microns, ngakho amanzi adlula kuyo anomthwalo ophansi kakhulu wezinto eziqinile ezincibilikisiwe.
- Futhi ezinye izihlungi zifaka amanzi agobhozayo i-coconut fiber noma i-carbon post-filter ukuze unikeze i-pH elinganiselayo, uthuthukise ukunambitheka uma isetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa ngabantu, noma umane wenze ukupholisha kokugcina kwamanzi.
Emishinini ethuthuke kakhulu kuvamile ukwengeza ama-resin asusa amaminerali Njengesinyathelo sokugcina, lawa ma-resin asetshenziselwa ukuqedela ukususwa kwanoma yimaphi ama-ion angase asale ngemuva kwe-membrane, okuholela emanzini ane-TDS eseduze kakhulu no-zero. Awusizo kakhulu kuma-aquarium adinga amandla, njengamathangi e-reef noma amathangi e-shrimp athambile.
Ekugcineni, Njengoba kuyinqubo ehamba kancane, izihlungi eziningi zifaka ithangi elicindezelwe. ukuqoqa amanzi e-reverse osmosis. Ezinhlelweni ezijwayelekile zasekhaya, lawa matanki avame ukubamba cishe amalitha angu-8, yize ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-aquarium abantu abaningi bakhetha amathangi amakhulu noma imigqomo yokugcina izinto.
Isihlungi samanzi se-osmosis sihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Isikhathi sokuphila kwesistimu ye-reverse osmosis kanye nengxenye ngayinye yayo Kuncike kokubili kumenzi kanye nekhwalithi kanye nokuqina kwamanzi angenayo. nokuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani. Akuzona zonke izakhi ezishintshwa ngesikhathi esifanayo noma ngemvamisa efanayo.
Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi abaningi Bancoma ukushintsha izihlungi zangaphambi kwesikhathi (i-sediment ne-carbon) njalo ezinyangeni ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile. Ukugcina lezi zihlungi zangaphambi kwesikhathi zisesimweni esihle kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila kwe-membrane, njengoba ziyivikela ku-chlorine, ukungcola okuqinile, kanye namakhemikhali angayonakalisa.
La ulwelwesi lwe-osmosis olubuyela emuva Ingxenye ebucayi kakhulu futhi ebiza kakhulu. Isikhathi sayo sokuphila sivame ukuba phakathi Iminyaka ye-1 ne-3 Cishe, kuye ngekhwalithi yamanzi, ingcindezi yokusebenza, kanye nokugcinwa kwangaphambi kokuhlunga. Kunezinhlelo nezimo lapho ulwelwesi lungahlala isikhathi eside, kanti ezinye lapho kufanele lushintshwe khona ngokushesha uma imingcele ingaba yinto engagculisi.
Uhlelo lwe-reverse osmosis ngokwalo, uma lugcinwa kahle futhi lulungiswa, luzosebenza kahle. ukugcinwa okuvamile kokuvimbelaKungahlala iminyaka eminingi. Abanye abakhiqizi bathi i-chassis kanye nokuxhumeka kungasebenza iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, uma nje ukuvuza, izivalo, kanye nomonakalo ongaba khona wemishini kubhekwa.
Kunokugxila eminyakeni ethile kuphela, kunconywa kakhulu qapha ikhwalithi yamanzi akhiqizwayo usebenzisa imitha ye-TDS (Izinto Eziqinile Ezincibilikisiwe) bese uhlaziya amapharamitha ayisisekelo (i-pH, i-GH, i-KH). Uma ubona ukuthi amanzi aphumayo aqala ukubonisa izinto eziningi eziqinile ezincibilikisiwe noma ubulukhuni obuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokuvamile, sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha izihlungi noma i-membrane.
Izinzuzo zokuba nesihlungi se-osmosis se-aquarium
Njengoba ubonile kulo lonke lesi sihloko, ukuba nesihlungi se-reverse osmosis e-aquarium kungumqondo othakazelisayo kakhulu. Kodwa, uma usenokungabaza, silungiselele i- list ngezinzuzo ezisobala kakhulu kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezisebenzayo:
- Njengoba sishilo, amanzi we-osmotic akulungele ukuba ne-aquarium, ngoba uqinisekisa ukuthi kunjalo amanzi ahlanzekile kakhuluOkusho ukuthi, ngenani eliphansi kakhulu lezinsimbi ezisindayo, i-chlorine, ama-chloramine, kanye nosawoti wamaminerali kunamanzi ompompi. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokucasuka kwama-gill, izinkinga zesikhumba, kanye nokucindezeleka okungapheli ezinhlanzini.
- Ngokunciphisa ubulukhuni kanye nomthwalo ongcolileyo cishe ube yi-zero, uthola uhlobo "lwendwangu engenalutho"Kusukela kuleso sisekelo, ungavuselela amanzi ngosawoti othize we-aquarium, ulungise i-GH, i-KH kanye ne-pH ngokunembile kakhulu ngokwe-biotope: amathangi ase-Amazonian, ase-Asia, ase-Afrika, asemanzini, ase-shrimp, njll.
- Eqinisweni, Inhlanzi ingabhekwa njengohlobo lwesihlungi semvelo.Zihlukanisa umoya-mpilo eziwudingayo ukuze ziphile emanzini, zishiye ukungcola ngemuva. Uma amanzi engcoliswe kakhulu, ubaphoqa ukuba benze lo msebenzi endaweni engafanele, okwandisa umzamo wabo womzimba. Ngamanzi ahlungiwe kahle e-reverse osmosis, indawo ingcono kakhulu.
- Enye inzuzo ecacile yokuba nesihlungi se-reverse osmosis ukuthi Kwenza kube lula ukugcinwa kwe-aquarium isikhathi eside.. e ama-aquariums atshalweIsibonelo, uzogwema ukuqongelela ngokweqile kwe-calcium ne-magnesium okungavimba ukumuncwa kwezinye izakhamzimba, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukuvela kokuntuleka kanye nolwelwe olunezinkinga.
- Futhi, Amanzi e-Osmosis avumela ukukhula okunempilo kwe-algae ephezulu elawulwayo kanye nezitshalo zasemanzini. Ama-aquarium ahlanzekile namanzi anosawoti angabekezelela ulwelwe, uma nje ehambisana nomanyolo ofanele kanye nokukhanya okuhle. Izitshalo eziningi ezikhaphethi kanye nezinhlobo ezithambile azikhuli emanzini aqinile kakhulu. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi ulwelwe luthinta kanjani ama-aquarium, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu ku- ukuba khona kwe-algae ku-aquarium.
- Kuma-aquarium asolwandle kanye nama-reef, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi angenawo umoya kubalulekile kakhulu. Izingxube zikasawoti ezenziwe ngendlela yokuthi zincibilike emanzini anamaminerali aphansi kakhulu.Uma usebenzisa amanzi ompompi ane-phosphates, ama-silicates, noma ama-nitrate amaningi, uzogcina unezimbali ze-algae, ama-cyanobacteria, nama-coral abuthakathaka. Funda kabanzi ku- i-aquarium yamanzi anosawoti.
- Ekugcineni, amanzi we-osmosis angakongela nemali Esikhathini esiphakathi, lapho uthenga ama-resins, ama-conditioner noma amakhemikhali e-aquarium yakho, isisekelo sokusebenza sizinzile futhi sidinga ukulungiswa okuncane okukhulu.
Njengenzuzo eyengeziwe, abaningi abathanda ukusebenzisa uhlelo olufanayo lwe-reverse osmosis ukuze thola amanzi okuphuza omndeniUsebenzisa ikhatriji yokugcina yokuvuselela amaminerali elungisa i-pH futhi igcwalise inani elincane lamaminerali awusizo, uqhubeka nokubuyisa imali oyitshalile emishinini.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kufanele ngisebenzise khona isihlungi se-aquarium osmosis?
Akudingeki ukusho, kunconywa kakhulu. uma une-aquarium futhi ufuna ukwenza ngcono impilo yezinhlanzi zakhoKodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho kusuka ekubeni okulungile kuye cishe okuphoqelekile:
- Amanzi asendaweni yakho aphansi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokufuna ulwazi emithonjeni esemthethweni, sinezinye izindlela zokuthola, isibonelo, ngokubuza ehholo ledolobha, ukuthola ikhithi yokuhlola ikhwalithi yamanzi, ukuhlola inani le-TDS ngemitha, noma ngisho nokusebenzisa indlela eyenziwe ekhaya (isibonelo, ngokuyibeka ekukhanyeni nokufuna iminonjana yokungcola, noma ngokuvumela ingilazi enepunipoon kashukela ihlale amahora angama-24. Uma ngemva kwaleso sikhathi amanzi eguqubele noma kuvela ama-limescale deposits abonakala kakhulu, awalona ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu ku-aquarium).
- Endaweni yakini amanzi aqinile kakhulu noma ane-limescale eningi. Uma i-GH ne-KH yamanzi akho ompompi ziphakeme kakhulu, ukugcina izinhlobo zamanzi athambile kuba nzima. Uhlelo lwe-reverse osmosis luzokuvumela ukuthi wehlise la manani futhi udale izimo zemvelo eziningi kakhulu kuzo. amadiskii-tetra noma i-caridina shrimp.
- Ingabe ugcina izinhlobo ezithambile noma ezidinga usizo?Lokhu kusebenza kokubili emanzini ahlanzekile (i-discus, i-shrimp esezingeni eliphezulu, ezinye izitshalo ezidinga kakhulu) kanye nasolwandle (ama-coral aqinile, i-SPS, i-LPS). Kulezi zimo, ukuzinza kwamanzi kanye nobumsulwa kuyizinto ezibalulekile zempumelelo yesikhathi eside.
- Izinhlanzi zakho ziqala ukuba nezimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi amanzi awazenzi kahle.Izimpawu ezinjengokwesaba, ukucasuka kwe-gill, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, noma izifo zangaphandle eziphindaphindayo. Ngokuhambisana nezinye izindlela, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi ayisisekelo nge-reverse osmosis kuvame ukwenza umehluko omkhulu.
Ezindaweni zokutshala noma zokufuya izinhlanzi, abantu abaningi abathanda ukuzilibazisa bakhetha ngqo isebenza cishe ngo-100% ngamanzi e-osmosis abuyiselwe kabushaLokhu kubavumela ukuthi balawule ngokunembile ubulukhuni kanye nokuqhuba kahle ukuze bandise ukukhula kwezitshalo futhi banciphise ukubonakala kwe-algae.
Ngabe isihlungi se-osmosis siyefana nesihlungi se-reverse osmosis?
Cha empeleni Uhlelo lwe-reverse osmosis lusebenza ngendlela ecacile kakhuluKodwa-ke, empeleni, uma sikhuluma "ngezihlungi ze-osmosis" zezindawo zasolwandle, cishe njalo sisho imishini ye-reverse osmosis.
I-reverse osmosis isebenzisa ulwelwesi oluhlunga amanzi ngezinga elincane kakhulu (kufika kuma-micron angu-0,001 ezimweni eziningi) ukuze kutholakale umphumela omsulwa kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlunga okuncane kakhulu kuyatholakala ukusebenzisa ingcindezi ekucindezelweni kwemvelo kwe-osmotic (okuwumehluko wokucindezela okwenzeka kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-membrane, amanzi "ahlanzekile" kanye "angcolile"), ukuze amanzi adlula esihlungi abe nobumsulwa obumangalisayo.
Ngokusobala, i-reverse osmosis iyindlela yokwenza amanzi ahlanzeke ngangokunokwenzekaLokhu kwenza kube yisisombululo esihle kakhulu se-aquarium, yize inezinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu okufanele ziqondwe kahle ngaphambi kokuthenga imishini:
- Okokuqala, i-reverse osmosis ikhiqiza udoti omkhulu wamanzi ngesimo samanzi angcolile. Nakuba kuncike kakhulu emishinini ekhethiwe, ingcindezi yokusebenza, nokuthi ngabe ifaka iphampu yokucindezela, ezinye izinhlelo zikhiqiza cishe ilitha elilodwa lamanzi angenawo umoya ongcolile ngamalitha amaningana amanzi "avamile". Lokhu kuthinta ukusetshenziswa okuphelele, kodwa kungancishiswa ngokusebenzisa kabusha amanzi angcolile kwezinye izinjongo zasekhaya, isibonelo, ukuhlanza phansi noma izitshalo zokunisela ezibekezelela lelo khwalithi lamanzi.
- Okwesibili, Izinhlelo zokuhlunga i-reverse osmosis zinkulu kakhulungoba ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izihlungi ezinkulu zangaphambi kokusebenzisa amanzi kanye nethangi lokuqoqa amanzi aphuma emuva. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyicabangele uma uhlala efulethini elincane noma uma ikhabethe elingaphansi kwesinki lincane kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlelo zesimanje ze-reverse osmosis zivame ukuba isebenza kahle futhi iphephilengokuxhumeka okusheshayo kanye nezingxenye ezitholakala kalula. Isinqumo sokukhetha uhlobo olulodwa lokuhlunga noma olunye (ama-conditioner amakhemikhali kuphela, ingxube yempompi namanzi acwengekile, noma uhlelo oluzinikele lwe-reverse osmosis) kuzoncika ekutheni uhlala kuphi, izidingo zakho, isabelomali sakho, kanye nezidingo zezinhlanzi nezitshalo zakho.
Amapharamitha wamanzi abuyela emuva e-osmosis nokuthi ungawalawula kanjani
Uma imishini isifakiwe, kubalulekile Ungazethembi futhi uthathe izilinganiso njalo. Amanzi ompompi angena ohlelweni kanye namanzi atholakala ngemva kwenqubo yokuhlunga ayathinteka. Amanzi amakhulu awahlali enemingcele efanayo, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izihlungi zilahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle.
Lezi zinhlelo zisusa ukungcola okuningi emanzini bese ziwashiya enomkhondo i-pH evame ukuba ne-asidi kancane futhi nge imfucuza encane kakhulu yamamineraliUkuze wazi ukuthi konke kusebenza kahle yini, kungcono ukuqapha amanani athile abalulekile:
- GH (ubulukhuni obujwayelekile)Okungcono kakhulu, kufanele kube phansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile kusondele ku-zero degrees zaseJalimane, njengoba akufanele kube khona i-calcium noma i-magnesium encibilikisiwe.
- KH (ubulukhuni be-carbonate)Kufanele futhi kube phansi kakhulu noma kube yi-zero, okubonisa ukuthi amanzi cishe awanawo amandla okuvimba ngokwawo.
- pHKuvame ukuba ne-asidi kancane uma kungekho amaminerali, yize lokhu kungahluka kancane kuye ngokuthi i-CO2 encibilikisiwe. Into ebalulekile ukuthi ihlale izinzile uma isiphinde yaxutshwa.
- I-TDS noma ukuhanjiswa kwe-conductivityLena ingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlola ikhwalithi yamanzi abuyela emuva e-osmosis. Ngokuvamile, Amanzi e-reverse osmosis e-aquariums kufanele abe nokuhlushwa okuphakathi kuka-10 no-20 ppm. (izingxenye ngesigidi) noma ngisho nangaphansi kancane. Amanani aphezulu kakhulu abonisa ukuthi i-membrane noma izihlungi zangaphambili zilahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle.
Ukuze kulinganiswe kalula ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, kukhona amamitha e-TDS ashibhile kakhuluLezi zivivinyo zikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngemizuzwana ukuthi ngabe amanzi avela ohlelweni asanele yini. Uma ukufundwa kwe-TDS kukhuphuka ngaphezu kwebanga elilindelwe, kuyisibonakaliso esihle sokuthi uhlelo ludinga ukuhlolwa.
Uma amapharamitha engalungileLokhu kungaba ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:
- I-membrane enezimbobo ezinkulu kakhulu ngenxa yokuguguleka noma umonakalo, okuvumela ama-ion amaningi ukuthi adlule kunalokho okufanele adlule kukho.
- Izihlungi zangaphambi kokugcwalisa ezingasagcini i-chlorine, ukungcola, noma amakhemikhali e-organic ngempumelelo futhi zibangele ukuthi ulwelwesi lusebenze ngokweqile.
- Ingcindezi yokusebenza enganeleokunciphisa ikhono le-membrane lokwenqaba usawoti futhi kwandisa umkhiqizo we-TDS.
Yingakho kubalulekile kala amanzi njalo bese usungula isimiso sokushintsha isihlungi ngokwendlela osebenzisa ngayo ngempela. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezihlungi zangaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwandisa kakhulu impilo ye-membrane futhi kugcina imishini isebenza kahle.
Ukusebenza okuningiliziwe kwemishini ye-reverse osmosis
Uhlelo lwe-reverse osmosis, njengomthetho ojwayelekile, lune izihlungi eziningana zangaphambi kwesikhathi ezihlelwe ngokulandelana ukulungisa amanzi ngaphambi kokuba afike kulwelwesi, futhi kwezinye izimo, isihlungi sokugcina sokupholisha amanzi akhiqiziwe.
El uhlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile kungaba okulandelayo:
- Isihlungi sokuqala sangaphambi kokuhlunga sinesibopho sokugcina udaka, amatshe ayigugu kanye nokungcola okukhulu okulengayo ezisifinyelela ngenethiwekhi. Lokhu kuvikela amanye ama-cartridge futhi kuvimbele ukuvinjelwa kwe-membrane.
- Izihlungi ezimbili ezilandelayo zivame ukufaka ikhabhoni esebenzayo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi umsebenzi wabo uwukuba ukumunca nokuhlukanisa izinto eziyingozi kakhulu ye-aquarium kanye ne-membrane ngokwayo: i-chlorine, ama-chloramine, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinsimbi ezithile ezisindayo kanye namakhemikhali e-organic ayinkimbinkimbi.
- Ngemva kokuhlunga kwangaphambili, amanzi adlula ku- i-reverse osmosis membrane ekhethekile okuhlukanisa ngokuphelele izinto eziyingozi kwezingenangozi. Ingxenye yamanzi idlula olwelwesini njengamanzi abuyela emuva e-osmosis, kanti enye ingxenye ithwala usawoti oqongelelwe bese iphuma njengamanzi alahliwe.
- Ekugcineni, ukuvuselela amaminerali noma ukuhlunga ngemuva (kuye ngokuthi ngabe ihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ngabantu noma ama-aquarium kuphela) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi afaneleka ngokuphelele kokubili ama-aquarium kanye nokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya. Uma kuziwa emanzini okuphuza, lesi sinyathelo sisusa ukunambitheka kwe-asidi futhi sigcwalise ingxenye encane yamaminerali.
Amanzi atholwe aya ngqo ku- ithangi elicindezelwe, lapho ungondla khona ukuze ugcwalise amajeke, izigubhu noma ngqo e-aquarium (uhlala udlula esigabeni sokuvuselelwa noma uxube namanzi ompompi, kuye ngokuthi isu lakho liyini).
Ukugcinwa okusebenzayo kwemishini ye-aquarium reverse osmosis
Uhlelo lwe-reverse osmosis olunobukhulu obufanele nolugcinwe kahle luthembeke kakhulu. Isihluthulelo ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokunakekela olujwayelekile ngokusekelwe ezilinganisweni hhayi nje ekhalendeni.
Uma sibona ezilinganisweni ukuthi amanzi Akuhlangabezani nemingcele efanele Noma ukuthi ukuguquguquka komoya kukhuphuka ngaphezu kobubanzi esivame ukubhekana nabo, kuyisibonakaliso esicacile sokuthi Sidinga ukushintsha izihlungi zangaphambili. noma hlola ulwelwesi.
Ubuhle be Shintsha izihlungi zangaphambi kwesikhathi njalo ezinyangeni ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 (Kuye ngokusetshenziswa kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi) i-membrane izohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi imishini izosebenza kahle kakhulu. Kuyitshalomali elincane elisindisa izinkinga ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngokwezilinganiso zethu, noma zanoma yimuphi umuntu ofunda ngokucophelela, okuvame ukubhekwa ngaphezu kwakho konke KH, GH, pH kanye nokuqhuba ukwazi ukuthi amanzi alungile noma cha. Ukugcina irekhodi elincane lale datha kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi ukusebenza kwemishini kuqala ukwehla nini.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ikhwalithi yamanzi esiwafaka ku-aquarium ngoba izitshalo ziyakubona ngokushesha: ziqala ukuba nezinkinga zokukhula, kuvela amaqabunga akhubazekile noma aphuzi, futhi ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba kuyabonakala, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuqina ngokweqile noma usawoti ongafuneki emanzini ompompi.
Enye inkinga engabangela amanzi angafanele... ukuqhakaza kwe-algae okungafunekiInhlanganisela yekhwalithi ephansi yamanzi, ama-phosphate amaningi, kanye nama-silicates avela empompini kuyindlela ephelele yokuvela kwe-filamentous algae, ama-diatoms, noma ama-cyanobacteria, okunzima ukuwaqeda ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa amanzi ayisisekelo kuqala.
Izinkinga ezingabangelwa amanzi ompompi e-aquarium yakho
Amanzi afinyelela emakhaya ethu ngenethiwekhi egcwele izinto ezingafuneki kuma-aquariumNgisho noma zingaphakathi kwemingcele yamanzi okuphuza aphephile kubantu, lokho okwamukelekayo kithi ngamanani amancane kungaba yinto ecindezela kakhulu ezinhlanzini nasezilwanyaneni ezingenamgogodla.
Kuya nge indawo lapho uhlala khona Amanzi azoba lukhuni kakhulu, abe ne-lime ephezulu noma abe nokuhlushwa okuguquguqukayo kwezinye izinto. I-lime emanzini yakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-calcium ne-magnesiumLezi zimbiwa azimbi ngokwazo, kodwa umthamo omkhulu Ukuba khona kwamanzi avela ezindaweni ezinkulu kwezinye izindawo kwenza kube nzima ukugcinwa kwezindawo zokugcina amanzi ezinamanzi athambile.
Ngaphezu kwelamula, ku- amanzi ompompi singathola:
- I-chlorine nama-chloramine.
- Usawoti wamaminerali ahlukahlukene.
- I-fluoride kwamanye amanethiwekhi okuhlinzeka.
- I-lead noma ezinye izinsimbi ezivela emapayipini amadala.
- Amabhaktheriya kanye namagciwane (ngokuvamile ngamanani alawulwayo, kodwa akhona).
- Igciwane ezimweni ezithile.
- Izimpawu zama-antibiotic noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezivela emjikelezweni wamanzi.
Vele i- Ukuhlushwa kwazo zonke lezi zinto kuncane kakhulu futhi akukuthinti ukuphuzwa kwamanzi ngokwezindinganiso zezempilo, kodwa kuyathinta Kungalimaza kakhulu izakhamuzi nezitshalo ze-aquarium yethuikakhulukazi esikhathini eside nasezinhlelweni ezivaliwe ezinomthamo ophansi.
Ingabe kuhle ukwengeza amanzi angenawo umoya kuphela ku-aquarium?
Impendulo incike ohlotsheni lwe-aquarium nokuthi ngabe Uvuselela amanzi ngendlela efanele.Ngokombono wobumsulwa, amanzi e-reverse osmosis angcono kakhulu, kodwa njengoba engenawo amaminerali, kubalulekile ukuwalungisa ukuze izinhlanzi nezitshalo zibe nezakhi ezizidingayo.
Abantu abaningi abathanda izinto zokuzilibazisa baqala ngokusebenzisa amanzi e-reverse osmosis ahlanganiswe namanzi ompompi ngesilinganiso esithile (isibonelo, i-60% reverse osmosis kanye ne-40% wamanzi ompompi) ukunciphisa ubulukhuni kanye nokungcola ngaphandle kokufinyelela ku-zero. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba bethola ukulawula okungcono kokuvuselelwa kwamaminerali, kancane kancane bandisa iphesenti lamanzi reverse osmosis kuze kube yilapho, kwezinye izimo, esetshenziswa cishe kuphela.
Kumelwe ukhumbule ukuthi ukuba amanzi angenawo nhlobo amaminerali kulula engeza usawoti we-aquarium othengiswayo. ukuze izinhlanzi nezitshalo zingakuboni lokhu kuntuleka. Kunezingxube ezenzelwe ama-aquarium ajwayelekile ahlanzekile, ezinye zamathangi e-shrimp, ezinye ze-aquarium zasolwandle kanye nezama-reef, njll. Ukuzisebenzisa ngokwesilinganiso somkhiqizi kanye nokulinganisa i-GH, KH, kanye ne-TDS kuyindlela ephephile yokuthola amanzi alinganiswe kahle.
Ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi ezifunwa kakhulu, njengamathangi atshalwe ngokuxinana noma amadwala e-coral, ukusebenza ngamanzi abuyiselwe kabusha e-reverse osmosis sekuyinto ejwayelekile, njengoba inikeza. ukuzinza okuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokulawula amapharamitha okungatholakala ngokuxuba ngqo amanzi ompompi angakahlanzwa.
Ungakwazi ukwenza i-osmosis ye-aquarium etshaliwe?
Njengakho konke kulokhu kuphila, impendulo yokwazi ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukwenza i-osmosis ku-aquarium etshaliwe ayilula: yebo no cha. Ukuze utshale i-aquarium, awukwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi angenawo amaminerali kuphela angenawo amaminerali.Njengoba, ngokususa cishe konke ukungcola, i-osmosis isusa nezinto ezidingwa yizitshalo ukuze ziphile: i-calcium, i-magnesium kanye neminye iminonjana yamaminerali.
Ngakho-ke, Kuzodingeka uhlanganise amanzi ompompi namanzi e-reverse osmosis noma uvuselele amanzi e-reverse osmosis nosawoti othile. Ukuze kufezwe indawo ekahle lapho izinhlanzi nezitshalo zingahlala khona ndawonye, ​​abantu abaningi abathanda izinto zokuzilibazisa bakhetha ukusebenza namaphesenti aphezulu kakhulu amanzi abuyela emuva (ngisho nacishe abe ngu-100%), kodwa njalo benezela usawoti ofanele ukulungisa i-GH, KH, kanye ne-TDS ngaphakathi kobubanzi obufunayo.
Iphesenti lokuxuba okudingeka ulisebenzise kuzo zonke lizoncika ezintweni eziningi, isibonelo, ikhwalithi yamanzi endaweni yakini ngisho nezitshalo ohlela ukuzigcina e-aquarium. Ezinye izinhlobo zibekezelela amanzi aqinile, kanti ezinye zidinga amazinga aphansi kakhulu ukuze zikhule kahle.
Izitshalo zakho zingadinga ngisho Izithako zokudla okunomsoco kanye nezithako zokufaka umanyolo (ama-macronutrients nama-micronutrients) ukuze zikhule ziqine futhi zigcine imibala egqamile. Kulesi simo, amanzi e-reverse osmosis asetshenziswa njengesisekelo esingathathi hlangothi, lapho kwakhiwe khona yonke i-chemistry ye-aquarium: ubulukhuni, umjovo we-CO2, ukukhulelwa kwansuku zonke noma kwamasonto onke, njll.
Thina, ngendlela efanayo nochwepheshe abaningi be-aquascaping, sivame ukwenza izinguquko zamanzi zamasonto onke eziphakathi kuka-30 no-50% wevolumu ye-aquarium etshaliwe, ukulungisa iphesenti ngokusekelwe esimweni se-aquarium, impilo yezitshalo, kanye nokuba khona kwe-algae. Lezi zinguquko, ngokusebenzisa amanzi aphethwe kahle yi-reverse osmosis, zivuselela izakhamzimba ngendlela elawulwayo futhi zivimbele ukungalingani kwesikhathi eside.
Ukwazi ukuthi kusebenza kanjaniUkwazi ukuthi yimaphi amapharamitha okufanele uwalinganise nokuthi ungawaphinda kanjani amanzi kuzokunikeza ukulawula okuphelele kwe-chemistry ye-aquarium yakho futhi kukuvumele ukuthi ujabulele ukusethwa okuzinzile nokumangalisayo. Sitshele, uyini ulwazi lwakho ngamanzi e-reverse osmosis? Ucabangani nge-reverse osmosis? Ingabe uncoma noma yisiphi isihlungi esithile? Sishiyele amazwana!
