Namuhla sizokhuluma ngenhlanzi emibalabala kakhulu lapho kukhona ukuhlukahluka okukhulu. Imayelana ne- inhlanzi. Yaziwa nangegama le-pejepuercos. Uma sikhuluma nje, abanalo “igama lesayensi” elilodwa ngoba akulona uhlobo olulodwa, kodwa iqoqo lezinhlobo zomndeni BalistidaeKulo mndeni, izinhlobo ezifana I-Cariscus ye-Balites (ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa I-Balites carolinensis) nabanye abaningi ababelana ngezici zesakhiwo nokuziphatha. Zitholakala ikakhulukazi ku amanzi asogwini kusukela ezilwandle eziningi emhlabeni jikelele. Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ngezici nendlela yokuphila yalezi zinhlanzi ezimibalabala, ngolwazi oluwusizo lwabatshuzi, abathanda izilwane zasendle zasolwandle, kanye nalabo abafuna ukwazi ngolwandle.
Uyafuna ukwazi okwengeziwe nge-triggerfish? Qhubeka ufunda ngoba sikutshela konke.
Izici eziyinhloko
Emhlabeni jikelele singathola izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 ye-triggerfish. Bonke bangabohlelo AmaTetraodontiformes kanye nomndeni Balistidae. Encazelweni yomzimba wayo sithola a i-oval kanye nesimo esicindezelwe eceleni okubasiza ukuba bangene kangcono phakathi kwamadwala namakhorali. Ikhanda labo likhulu futhi line-a umhlathi onamandla kakhulu abasebenzisa ukulimaza nokuchoboza inyamazane yabo.
Amehlo mancane futhi aphakeme, eduze konqenqema lwekhanda. Bangase hamba ngokuzimela, okubavumela ukuthi babheke ezinhlangothini ezahlukene futhi babe nombono ongavamile walokho okwenzekayo eduze kwabo.
Engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba banephiko langaphambili lomhlana nalo ameva amathathuEyokuqala iqinile futhi ingakhiywa phezulu; elesibili lisebenza njenge-a "trigger" okuyinto eyivulayo, futhi eyesithathu incane. Le nqubo ichaza igama layo ngesiNgisi, i-triggerfishKuwuhlelo lokuzivikela olubavumelayo ukuzifaka emifantwini futhi uvimbele ukukhishwa kwazo yizilwane ezidla ezinye.
Umhlane (ongemuva) kanye namaphiko angemuva ayahlehla ngokuhambisana ukuze anyakaze. Ngakho-ke, nakuba beshesha, Ababona abagijimi abakhulu: Ukubhukuda kwabo okuvamile kulawulwa futhi kunembile. Bazigodla i-caudal fin ngokusheshisa okungazelelwe lapho bedinga ukubaleka.
Isikhumba siyashaya, siqinile futhi simbozwe ngaso izikali ze-rhomboid, esebenza njengezikhali futhi enciphisa umonakalo ovela ekulunyweni yizilwane ezinosayizi ofanayo. Ngokusobala, lezi zikhumba eziqinile zingenza okuncane ngokumelene nezilwane ezidla ezinye ezinkulu ushaka omhlophe.
Ubude balezi zinhlanzi ngokuvamile abudluli ku-50 cm., nakuba ezinye izinhlobo zingaba ezincane (20-30 cm) kanti ezinye zifinyelela osayizi abakhulu. Ezinye izibonelo eziqhelile ziye zatholakala zingafinyelela kumitha ubude, njengoba kunjalo ngezinhlobo ezinkulu zamadwala empumalanga yePacific.
Emlonyeni, ngezindebe eziwugqinsi, bayahlala amazinyo aqinile futhi ebukhali. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi kukhona amazinyo ayisishiyagalombili emhlathini ngamunye, namapuleti engeziwe asebenza njenge ama-crusher, into eyisihluthulelo sokuphula amagobolondo e-urchin yasolwandle kanye nomgogodla.
Phakathi kwegenera eyaziwa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwe-Balistidae kukhona I-Ballistae, Ama-Ballistoids, I-Rhinecanthus, Ama-pseudobaliste, I-Melichthys, I-Odonus, I-Canthidermis, I-Xanthichthys y Sufflamen, ngokuhlukahluka kombala, ubukhulu kanye nokudla, kodwa "ngesignesha" efanayo ye-morphological eyembula umndeni.
Indawo yokuhlala nokusatshalaliswa kwe-hogfish
Lezi zinhlanzi zingatholakala olwandle nasezilwandle emhlabeni jikelele.Ukwehlukahlukana kwayo okukhulu kakhulu kugxile ku amanzi ashisayo nashisayo, ikakhulukazi e-Indo-Pacific. Ezifundeni ezipholile, njenge- I-Atlántico futhi i IMedithera, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane nazo zikhona, ikakhulukazi ezikhathini ezifudumele.
Ngokuqondene nendawo yayo yokuhlala, indawo ekahle yokukhiqizwa kwayo nokuphila kwansuku zonke itholakala eduze kwezixhobo zamakhorali, phansi okunamatshe, imibhede yotshani basolwandle kanye nezakhiwo ezingaphansi kwamanzi (okuhlanganisa amanxiwa noma ukuphahlazeka). Ngokuvamile basebenzisa i- imifantu kusukela kumakhorali noma emadwaleni aseduze ukuze ucashe ebusuku futhi ugweme ukubanjwa izilwane ezidla ezinye.
Zijwayele ukujula kobubanzi obujwayelekile Amamitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-100, nezinye izinhlobo ezihamba kancane ezindaweni ezisogwini. Kukhona futhi ama-crossbows anezinye i-pelagic (njenge I-Canthidermis) ezihlotshaniswa nezinto ezintantayo nempilo kukholomu yamanzi.
Ukuba khona kwabo ezindaweni eziseduze nogu kungase kube inkomba isimo esihle semvelo, inqobo nje uma izimali ezinezindawo zokukhosela nokudla zigcinwe kahle.
Ukuziphatha
Eziningi zalezi zinhlanzi banesizungu futhi umsebenzi wabo ungowansuku zonke. Ebusuku acasha emifantwini yamadwala naseduze namakhorali ukuze abaleke izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-triggerfish ziba enolaka kakhulu uma zisesikhathini sokuzalanisa ngoba ziyakwazi ukuzivikela kanye namaphuphu azo.
Uma uthi nhlá, bangabonakala bebhukuda ngomoya ophansi futhi besondela nabatshuzi ngaphandle kokwesaba. Lokhu "kuzethemba" okubonakalayo akufanele kudidaniswe: uma bezwa ukuthi isidleke sabo sisongelwa, bazosivikela ngokuqinile. Eqinisweni, indawo yokuzivikela yezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ine okumise okwekhoni elisuka esidlekeni liye phezulu. Ithiphu yokuphepha yabatshuzi suka uqonde kusuka esidlekeni esikhundleni sokukhuphuka, ukushiya indawo yokuzivikela ngokushesha.
Uma kuziwa ekuvikeleni isidleke sabo, bayakwazi noma yini. Kuke kwaba nezimo lapho behlasele khona abantu abebetshuza eduze. Abesifazane, ngokuvamile abanolaka kakhulu ngokubukeka kunabesilisa, Abanqeni ukuhlasela futhi baze balume uma bebona usongo ekubekeni kwabo.
Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa “i-trigger” yangemuva ukukhiya emifantwini, amanye ama-crossbows angakwazi yenza imisindo imisindo ekhalayo lapho ikhishwa emanzini, ukuziphatha okuyisixwayiso okubhalwe ezinhlotsheni eziningana zomndeni.
Ekubhukudeni kwansuku zonke, zishintshanisa izikhathi zokunyakaza ngokuhlehla komgogodla kanye namafins angemuva kanye nokuma kokutshuza. Bagcinele i-caudal iqala ngokushesha lapho kufanele babaleke noma bahlasele abahlaseli ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ukudla kwe-Triggerfish
I-pigfish inokudla ehlukahlukene impelaUkudla kwabo okuyinhloko inyama yezinhlobo ezahlukene ezifana nezimfanzi, ama-mollusk, izikelemu, izinkalankala nama-sea urchin. Lona umndeni ngokuyinhloko esidla inyama esebenzisa amaphiko ayo ukuze dimba ku-substrate futhi ufinyelele inyamazane engcwatshwe.
Sebenzisa amanzi agcinwe emlonyeni wakho ukukhwifa eziphusha isihlabathi eceleni futhi zivumbule ukudla. Imihlathi namazinyo abo akhula njalo enzelwe phula amagobolondo namagobolondo aqinile. Kuma-hedgehogs, angase alume ngokuhlelekile endaweni ye-ventral, lapho kunemigogodla embalwa. Baphinde bangezelele ekudleni kwabo ngokunye ulwelwe nezinye izitshalo ezingaphansi, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-generalist.
Ezinye iziphambano ziyadla umabhebhana, ikakhulukazi uma kuyintsha noma kuyizinhlobo ze-pelagic; abanye bangama-benthic kuphela. Bavame ukudla inani elikhulu lokudla emini futhi bahambe ngaphandle kokuphakela ebusuku.
Kuvame ukubhekwa indlela ezinye izinhlobo de peces basizakala ngokusala ishiywe ngemuva isenzo semicibisholo, inyakazisa ulwandle. Laba "badoti abangosomathuba" balandela iminsalo ukuze bazuze ekudleni abakuvezayo.
Izilwane ezizingelayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa izinhlanzi ezinkulu ze-pelagic njenge i-dolphinfish (I-Coryphaena hippurus) kanye ne-tuna, kanye noshaka abakhulu ezindaweni ezithile.
Ukuzala
Sike sakubalula ukuthi ziyizinhlanzi ezihlala zodwa. Nokho, bangaba nesithembu. Okusho ukuthi, abesilisa bangaba nabesifazane abambalwa ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Ukuzalanisa, akukho ukuqomisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane: kwezinye, abesifazane, ngokuba yindawo enkulu, bakhetha umlingani wabo ngokushesha futhi ugxile ekwakheni nasekuvikeleni isidleke.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinhlobo eziningi kuvumelaniswa ne imijikelezo yenyanga namagagasi, okwenza kube lula ukuhlakazeka kwezibungu. Isidleke ngokuvamile a umgodi ombiwe esihlabathini noma phakathi kwamatshe, ngokuvamile ayindilinga ohlakeni. Izinsikazi zingase zishaye amaqanda zifake umoya-mpilo futhi ahlanze inzika, kuyilapho abesilisa beqapha indawo.
Lapho esevundisiwe, amaqanda afukanyelwa isikhashana futhi, lapho achanyuselwa, izibungu zidlula esigabeni. i-planktonic zize zikhule zibe izingane futhi zehlele ezindaweni ezihlala ogwini. Kwezinye izimo, ukuvundiswa nokuzala kwenzeka ngosuku olufanayo, futhi ukuzalwa kugxilwe kumafasitela wesikhathi esincane kakhulu, okungase kwandise ukukhula. izinga lokusinda weqembu.
Abesifazane nabesilisa vikela ngonya Imvelo yesidleke; njengoba sishilo, insimu inganwetshwa kancane iye phezulu. Uma isixwayiso sazo (i-upraised dorsal fin, lunging) singanakwa, zingase zilume futhi zijahe abahlaseli, kuhlanganise nabatshuzi.
Lapho izinhlanzi zisencane kakhulu, zincane futhi zintekenteke. Ukuze bagweme ukulimala ngenxa yamagagasi, abazali, ngokugcina isidleke sihlanzekile futhi sivikelekile, bakhuthaza ukuthosa ukuba kuchanyuselwe. funda ukubhukuda futhi uphakele ezindaweni eziseduze nokuchayeka kancane.
Ukuhlukahluka kanye ne-taxonomy yomndeni wakwa-Balistidae
Umndeni we-Balistidae amaqembu a ukuhlukahluka okubanzi ye-triggerfish. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu ngabatshuzi bezokungcebeleka kukhona I-Cariscus ye-Balites (i-Atlantic-Mediterranean), I-Balistoides viridescens (I-Indo-Pacific; indawo enkulu ngesikhathi sokuzalanisa), I-Rhinecanthus aculeatus (evamile e-Indo-Pacific reefs) noma Ama-pseudobaliste spp. ngosayizi omkhulu. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-pelagic, okulandelayo kuvelele: I-Canthidermis spp., ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezakhiwo ezintantayo olwandle oluvulekile.
Ezingeni le-morphological, babelana nge- "trigger" indlela we-dorsal fin, isikhumba esiqinile esinamazenga e-rhomboid kanye nomlomo amazinyo akhethekile. Imibala ingahluka ukusuka kokuluhlaza-mpunga okucashile kuye kumaphethini anebhande namabala agqamile, okuwenza abe izinhlobo ezaziwayo e umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa we-aquarium yasolwandle (yize ukuziphatha kwayo kwendawo kudinga amathangi amakhulu nezinhlanganisela eziqaphile).
Ubudlelwano nabantu: ukutshuza, ukudoba kanye nokusetshenziswa
Umlingiswa othembekayo ngokuvamile wenza i-triggerfish evamile kuma-dive phezu kwezixhobo. Ukuzibheka eduze kulula, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlonipha njalo izidleke ngesikhathi sokuzala ukuze ugweme ukuhlangana okushubile. Isikhumbuzi esingukhiye: Uma isifanekiso sibonisa ulaka, suka uqonde ukusuka esidlekeni, hhayi ukuya phezulu.
Ekudobeni, ezinye izinhlobo zinentshisekelo ezobuciko noma ezohwebo kuye ngesifunda. Abanye babanjwa ngephutha kuma-gillnet noma ama-trawl. Amazinyo abo aqinile angasikwa imigqa emihle, ngakho-ke ukulwa nomsebenzi osindayo kunconywa emisebenzini yokuzijabulisa.
Ku-gastronomy, inyama yayo i baziswa ezindaweni eziningana zomhlaba ngokuba nemigqa embalwa kanye nokuthungwa okuhle. Nokho, ezindaweni ezishisayo izinhlobo ezithile zingase zihlotshaniswe nengozi i-ciguatera (ubuthi obunobuthi obuqoqwe emaketangeni okudla kwamatshe), ngakho-ke kulezi zifunda ukusetshenziswa okunesibopho kuyelulekwa ngokuhambisana nezincomo zendawo.
Ukulondolozwa nesimo sabantu
Isimo sokugcinwa kwemvelo siyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izinhlobo kanye nesifundaAmanye ama-crossbows akhombisa ukuzinza, kanti amanye ahlukumezekile izingcindezi zokudoba kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho zibanjwa ngaphambi kokufinyelela ukuvuthwaUkucekelwa phansi kwezindawo ezihlala ogwini (izixhobo zokusebenza, izimfunda zasolwandle) kanye nokungcola nakho kuba nomthelela kubantu bazo.
Mayelana nokuphatha, izinyathelo eziphumelela kakhulu zihlanganisa ubuncane bosayizi, ukuvinjelwa kwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukiswa kwe ukukhetha wezobuciko ukuze kuncishiswe ukubanjwa kwengozi kanye nokuvikela izindawo zokuhlala ezibucayi. Ukufundisa ngemvelo kwabatshuzi kanye nabadobi kusiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka izindawo zokubeka kanye nokukhuthaza imikhuba emihle.
Njengeqembu elisebenzayo, ama-crossbows adlala indima efanele ekulawuleni izilwane ezingenamgogodla ezinamagobolondo aqinile (ama-urchins olwandle, ama-molluscs), afaka isandla ekulinganiseni kwemiphakathi ye-benthic. Ukugcina abantu abanempilo e-Balistidae kuyisihluthulelo se- ukuqina yemvelo yasogwini.
Ngethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lukusiza ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-triggerfish.Nge-"trigger" yomgogodla ehlukile, ukudla kwazo kwezilwane ezingenamgogodla, kanye nokuqina kwazo kwendawo ngesikhathi sokuzalanisa, ama-triggerfish ayizimpawu zangempela zamadwala. Uma uhlangana nazo ngenkathi utshuza, zibheke ngenhlonipho; uma unentshisekelo ku-ecology yabo, cabanga ngakho konke abakuvezayo mayelana ukujwayela endaweni yasolwandle kanye nokubaluleka kokongiwa kwezindawo ezihlala kuzo ezikhula kahle.
