I-Los inhlanzi ebhekene nehhashi ebhekene nehhashi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-botia caracaballo noma inhlanzi kabhanana, izakhamuzi ezihehayo zase amanzi ahlanzekile etholakala ku- ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Lezi zinhlanzi zingezomndeni wakwaCobitidae futhi zigqama ngokubukeka kwazo okuyingqayizivele nokuziphatha okuyingqayizivele endaweni yazo yemvelo. Ngezansi, sizohlola ngokucophelela imininingwane enemininingwane mayelana nezici zabo, indawo yokuhlala, ukunakekelwa, ukudla, nokunye okuningi.
Indawo yokuhlala nokusatshalaliswa
Izinhlanzi ze-Horseface loach zitholakala ku imifula y ama-lagos amanzi acwebile acwebile ngezinga eliphezulu umoya-mpilo. Bakhetha indawo enamanzi athambile noma amaphakathi futhi ngokuvamile bahlala ngaphansi kwesihlabathi lapho bengazimbela khona. Ngesikhathi sezikhukhula, badlulela emasimini ezitshalo agcwele amanzi, njengamasimu erayisi, okuyinto evamile emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia njenge I-India, iMyanmar, iThailand, iMalaysia, i-Indonesia, iVietnam neLaos. Bahlala futhi ezitsheni zemifula emikhulu njenge-Chao Phraya neMekong.
Izici ze-morphological
I-Horseface loach fish inomzimba omude, ozacile, onekhanda eligqamile elinomumo ogobile, ofana nekhala lehhashi. Bayantula izikali ekhanda futhi amehlo ayo atholakala phezulu, avikelwe ulwelwesi oluncane okusobala lokho kuphumela kancane. Lezi zinhlanzi zifinyelela ubude obungafika ku 20 cm emanzini futhi phezulu 30 cm enkululekweni.
Umzimba unombala ompunga noma onsundu ngokukhanyayo, onamachashaza amnyama nemigqa ewavumela ukuba azifihle ngaphansi kwesihlabathi. Ingxenye ye-ventral ilula, kuyilapho amaphiko ayo avame ukuba nsundu. Lo mbala ubanikeza inzuzo ngokumelene nezilwane ezidla ezinye.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
I-dimorphism yocansi ku-horseface loach fish ayibonakali kakhulu. Ezisikazi zivame ukuba zinkulu futhi ziqine uma ziqhathaniswa nabesilisa. Abanye ochwepheshe baphawula ukuthi abesilisa benza izandiso emisebeni yokuqala ye-pectoral fins, kodwa lo mehluko ungaba nzima ukuwubona.
Ukuziphatha nemikhuba
Lezi zinhlanzi zaziwa ngokuziphatha kwazo ngokuthula nokukhetha kwazo ukuhlala ezansi ne-aquarium. Bathanda ukuzingcwaba ku-substrate, kokubili ukuze bazivikele futhi bafune ukudla. Ingabe ebusuku o ukuhwalala, ngakho-ke zivame ukusebenza kakhulu ebusuku noma ezimweni zokukhanya okufiphele. Nakuba zizolile, zingabonisa indawo emnene nezinye izinhlanzi zohlobo olufanayo, ikakhulukazi uma sezifinyelele esigabeni sazo sabantu abadala.
Ababona ababhukudi abalungile emazingeni aphakathi noma aphezulu e-aquarium, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile bahamba kulezi zindawo.
Amapharamitha amanzi afanelekile
Ukugcina izinhlanzi ze-horseface loach ziphilile ku-aquarium, kubalulekile ukuphindaphinda izimo zazo zemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka. Cabangela amapharamitha alandelayo:
- Ithempelesha: Phakathi kuka-25 no-28 °C.
- i-pH: Phakathi kuka-6.0 no-7.5.
- Ubulukhuni: Phakathi kuka-3 no-12 dGH.
Amanzi kufanele abe nomoya-mpilo kahle futhi acwebe, kube nezinguquko ezivamile ukuze kugwenywe ukunqwabelana kwemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo. Kubuye kunconywe ukufaka ikhanda lamandla noma amatshe omoya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugeleza okuqhubekayo komoya-mpilo.
Izidingo ze-Aquarium
Ngenxa yobukhulu nokuziphatha kwazo, i-horseface loach fish idinga i-aquarium evulekile, enevolumu encane Ama-200 amalitha. I-substrate kufanele ibe isihlabathi esithambile, okungcono kakhulu, esivumela ukuba bazingcwabe ngaphandle kwengozi yokulimala. Gwema amatshe anemiphetho ecijile noma abrasive.
Ngokwakhiwa kwe-aquarium, kungakuhle ukuthi kufakwe izitshalo ezintantayo ezihluza ukukhanya, kanye nezimpande neziqu ezinikeza izindawo zokucasha. Izitshalo kufanele zilungiswe kahle, njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zivame ukuzimba ngesikhathi sokufuna ukudla.
Ukudla
Izinhlanzi ze-Horseface loach ziyi-omnivorous futhi zibonakala ngokuthi "izihlungi zesihlabathi", zikhipha i-substrate futhi zikhiphe izinto eziphilayo ezincane ezifana ne-benthic. izibungu zezinambuzane, izibungu futhi encane crustaceans. Ekuthunjweni, bamukela izinhlobonhlobo zokudla:
- ukudla bukhoma, ezifana i-artemia, daphnia nezibungu ezincane.
- ukudla eqandisiwe, kuhlanganise izibungu zomiyane.
- Ukudla okomile, njengamaphilisi, ama-granules, noma ama-flakes afika phansi.
- Izitshalo, kuhlanganise nolwelwe oluthile.
Kubalulekile ukubanikeza ukudla zihlukahlukene ukumboza zonke izidingo zakho zokudla okunomsoco. Kunconywa ukupha lezi zinhlanzi ngesikhathi samahora aphansi okukhanya, okuhambisana nomsebenzi wabo oyinhloko.
Ukuzala
Kuze kube manje, ukukhiqizwa okuyimpumelelo kwezinhlanzi ze-horseface loach ezivalelwe akukabhalwa phansi. Endaweni yazo yemvelo, kukholakala ukuthi izalela ngaphansi kwamadwala noma ama-substrates afanayo, kodwa lokhu kuziphatha akwenziwanga ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini asekhaya. Zonke izifanekiso ezitholakalayo ezithengiswayo ngokuvamile zibanjwa ngokuqondile endaweni ezungezile i-silvestre.
Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo Nge-Horseface Loach Fish
- Igama layo elivamile livela ekumiseni okude, okugobile kwekhala layo, okusikhumbuza ubuso behhashi.
- Ziyizinhlanzi eziphila isikhathi eside, ezinobude bokuphila obungedlula iminyaka 15 ezindaweni ezilawulwayo.
- Bavame ukudideka nezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-long-nosed loach (I-Acanthopsis octoactinotos), kodwa zingahlukaniswa ngekhala lazo eligobile kanye nokuziphatha okunolaka.
Lezi zinhlanzi ziyisimangaliso sangempela kubathandi be-aquarium abafuna izinhlobo elithakazelisayo futhi eyingqayizivele. Nakuba zidinga ukunakekelwa okuthile, ukuziphatha kwazo okuthakazelisayo kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nendawo ezizungezile kuzenza zibe isengezo esicebisayo kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium yomphakathi enakekelwa kahle.