Lapho siqala ukubeka konke okudingwa yi-aquarium, kungenzeka ucabange uma udinga iminenke ye-aquariumIminenke ye-Aquarium iyabhekwa izilwane ezidingekayo ukusebenza kahle kwe-aquarium. Kuze kube muva nje, bekunombono oyiphutha ngeqhaza lezi zilwane, njengoba kwakucatshangwa ukuthi zidla izitshalo ezibekwe ethangini lezinhlanzi. Namuhla siyazi Lezi zilwane zithobekile futhi zithandwa kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke izici, umsebenzi y Yiziphi iminenke engcono kakhulu ye-aquarium?Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizohlanganisa ukunakekelwa okubalulekile (imingcele yamanzi, ukondla kanye ne-calcium), izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu nokuthi kanjani lawula izinambuzane ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.
Kungani iminenke ivela e-aquarium?
Iminenke ingavela ku-aquarium yethu ngezindlela eziningi. Esokuqala singenhlosoIminenke iyaziwa ukuthi inenzuzo enkulu kuma-aquariums. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukwethula iminenke emanzini abo. Enye indlela incognitoKukhona ama-stowaways kwezinye izitshalo esizifaka ku-aquarium lapho zingathuthuka khona. Kwesinye isikhathi baze baphenduke inhlupho kuye ngezimo zethangi lezinhlanzi.
Ezimweni ezingama-99%, sabethula singaqondileAmaqanda amancane anamathele emaqabunga; abadala kufihlwe olekweni noma emadwaleni, noma emanzini ezokuthutha. Amaqanda abo okusobala futhi zinamathele, okwenza kube nzima ukuzibona; yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlola nokugeza kahle isitshalo ngasinye esisha.
Into okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi iningi lale minenke zingama-bioindicators athakazelisayo. Isibonelo, izinhlobo IMelanoides tuberculata yi-bioindicator yomnenke yokushoda komoya-mpilo emanzini. Uma i-aquarium yethu ingenayo i-oxygen emanzini, lo mnenke uzovela kaningi. Lokhu kuzokhombisa ukuthi sizodinga i- i-aquarium oxygenatorFuthi ukuqhuma kwezincane I-Physa/Planorbis ngokuvamile kubonisa ukudla ngokweqile kanye nemfucumfucu ngaphansi.
Kufanele uqonde ukuthi iminenke ayimibiZiwusizo kakhulu ekususeni ulwelwe ezindongeni zethangi, futhi zidla ukudla okusele. de pecesBakusiza ukuthi ususe izinsalela zezitshalo ezifile futhi usebenze njengezinkomba ze-bio. Singasho ukuthi bangasisiza gcina inhlanzeko efanele ku-aquarium ngokuphumelelayo, inqobo nje uma inani labantu lilawulwa.
Izinhlobo zeminenke yamanzi angenasawoti
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zeminenke kuye ngohlobo kanye nohlobo lwe amanzi lapho ehlala khona. Ake sihlaziye ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zeminenke. amanzi amasha.
- Helena Umnenke (Clea/Anentome helenaWaziwa nangegama elivamile le-assassin snail. I-mollusk ekhula ibe amasentimitha angaba ngu-2.5 ubude futhi inegobolondo eliqinile, eliyindilinga. Ibonakala kalula ngenxa yamaphethini ayo okuzungeza okuphuzi nokunsundu. Isici esiyinhloko salo mnenke ukuthi kunjalo umhlaseli weminye iminenkeNgakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuqeda izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ku-aquariums. Uma uyinakekela kahle, ingaphila cishe iminyaka emi-5. Ukudlala kancane (amaqanda axegayo) futhi ayalawuleka.
- I-Pomacea canaliculata y I-Pomacea diffusa (I-Apple/Umnenke Oyimfihlakalo): Lona umnenke onegobolondo eliyindilinga. Umbala wayo unsundu kanye nophuzi kanye namachashaza asawolintshi nansundu. Waziwa kakhulu ngokuthi umnenke we-apula. Ifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu obungamasentimitha angu-7-10 futhi ingaba ne- izinga eliphezulu lokukhiqizaOwesifazane uyafaka amaqoqo amaqanda ngaphezu komugqa wamanziBadinga ukufinyelela kusivalo. Zinhle kakhulu. abadla ulwelwe oluthambile futhi asale, kodwa akufanele agcinwe nezitshalo ezithambile kakhulu uma ukudla kuntuleka.
- IMelanoides tuberculataWaziwa nangegama elivamile elithi Malaysian snail noma trumpet snail. Igobolondo layo lide futhi libe nsundu ngokukhanyayo. Ukuma kwayo ku-conical futhi kuqondile. Zivamise ukugcinwa emanzini amanzi ahlanzekile njengoba zizalana kalula. Ngokuvamile zifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu obungamasentimitha angu-2 (ezinye zikhudlwana). i-parthenogenetics (izinsikazi ezizala izingane ngaphandle kowesilisa) futhi zisuse i-substrate, zigweme izindawo ze-anaerobic.
- Umnenke weZebra (Neritina natalensis): yaziwa nangegama elithi nerite Futhi inelinye lamagobolondo ahlaba umxhwele kunawo wonke. Ifaka imithende emithunzini eluhlaza, ephuzi, namnyama. Igobolondo liyacwebezela ngamaphethini. Ubukhulu bayo obukhulu bungamasentimitha ama-3. abadla ulwelwe abahle kakhulu y Azizalanisi emanzini ahlanzekile (Zidinga amanzi anosawoti ukuze zichanyuselwe.)
Ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile kanye nendima yazo
- I-Planorbis/Ramshorn (I-Planorbarius corneus nezinhlobo ezihlobene): igobolondo eliyisicaba, elibomvu, lomnqumo, noma eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala. Kuhle kakhulu. ama-scavenger, kodwa nge ukudlala ngokushesha uma kukhona ukudla ngokweqile.
- I-Physa/PhysellaIgobolondo elincanyana, elicijile, umzimba okhanyayo. Ziphindaphindeka kalula nezinsalela eziningi. Bayi-a inkomba yokudla ngokweqile.
- I-Tylomelania (iminenke onogwaja): amagobolondo ayi-conical amade, imibala egqamile. i-ovoviviparousUkukhiqiza kancane kakhulu. Ilungele ama-aquariums amakhulu, afudumele.
- Iminenke echibini (Izinhlobo eziningana): Amancane, ama-omnivorous, nama-scavengers amahle. Zizala ngokushesha uma ukudla kukhona. izinhlobonhlobo zokudla.
Iminenke ye-aquarium yasolwandle
Iminenke ezindaweni zasolwandle isebenzela injongo efanayo kuneminenke yamanzi ahlanzekile. Bangasiza ukuhlanza i-aquarium ngokudla ukudla okusele kwezinhlanzi kanye nezitshalo ezifile. Udinga nje ukucabangela uhlobo lwezinhlobo zeminenke kanye nezinhlobo de peces esinakho ku-aquarium. Ezindaweni zasemanzini zasolwandle, ukunakekelwa kuhlukile kulokho okugcinwa emanzini ahlanzekile, futhi kuyancomeka ukuthi uthintane neziqondiso ezithile ama-aquariums asolwandle.
Ezinye izinhlobo zihambisana kakhulu kunezinye kuye ngesimo sazo. Ezinye izinhlanzi ziyahambisana kakhulu. indawo ukuthi ngisho ukulwa nabanye. Kwenzeka okufanayo nangeminenke. Ezindaweni zasolwandle, ama-nerites kanye neminenke ye-trochus kuvame abadla ulwelwe ngempumelelo futhi enokuthula; emanzini anosawoti, izinhlobo ezihlobene I-Neritin Bangasebenza kahle.
Ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo: imingcele, ukudla kanye ne-calcium
Ukuze iminenke ikhule, amanzi kufanele anikeze amaminerali anele ukugcina amagobolondo aqinile. Gcina a I-GH medium (approx. 6-12 dGH) futhi igwema amanzi athambile, angenawo amaminerali. I-KH ezinzile isiza i I-pH ayehli bese uncibilikisa igobolondo.
Impilo yomnenke ibonakala egobolondweni layo: ukubukeka kwayo igugulekileelimhlophe noma nge ama-microholes Lokhu kubonisa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium. Nikeza imithombo ye-calcium ekudleni (izinti ezingenamgogodla, amaqabunga kamalibhele, igobolondo le-cuttlefish) futhi, uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa usawoti wamaminerali ukuze ukhulise i-GH.
Iningi liyadla ulwelwe oluthambilei-biofilm nemfucumfucu yezitshalo. Yengeza ekudleni kwabo ama-wafers olwandleAma-pellets okugcoba kanye nemifino e-blanched (i-zucchini, ikhukhamba, isipinashi) ifanelekile. Susa noma yikuphi ukudla okungadliwanga phakathi kwamahora angu-6-8 ukuze ugweme ama-nitrate spikes.
Izigaba zokunethezeka ezijwayelekile: lokushisa 20-27 ºC (ezinye I-Tylomelania ncamela 26-29 ºC), pH 6.8-8.2 kuye ngohlobo. Bheka uhlobo oluthile ozolugcina ukuze ulungise kahle.
Ukwelashwa kweminenke ye-aquarium
Nakuba iminenke yase-aquarium iwusizo njengemishini yokuhlanza, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ube nokuzala okuphezuluUma unganakile, ingase ibe isihlava emasontweni ambalwa nje. Akufanele ugcine iminenke eminingi ku-aquarium, ngoba ingangcolisa amanzi ngokushesha. Lokhu bakwenza ngendle yabo, egcwele ama-nitrites nama-nitrate. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-nitrate E-aquarium, kungabangela ukukhula okukhulu kwe-algae.
Ngaphambi kokwengeza umnenke ku-aquarium, kufanele uhlole ukuthi lezi zinto eziphilayo Zidla izitshalo eziphilayo Noma cha. Ngokuvamile, iningi labo alikwenzi. Kodwa bangase bakwenze uma kunokuntuleka kokudla.Gcina ukunikezwa okungaguquki kwemifino ukuze ugweme ukugwinya okungafunwa.
Ukwelapha iminenke yase-aquarium, kunezinhlobo ezithile ezizoyidla (isb., umnenke umbulali noma inhlanzi ye-loach). Nokho, akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Into engcono kakhulu ukulawula ukudla Ziphakele izinhlanzi uma zimatasa kakhulu ukuze kungabikho ukudla okuningi okusele kweminenke. Iminenke izala ngokushesha ngoba inabo isamba esikhulu sezinsiza.
Enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokususa iminenke e-aquarium ukubeka a iqabunga le-ulethisi noma ucezu lwekhukhamba Beka isitsha ubusuku bonke bese usikhipha ngakusasa, esizobe sigcwele iminenke. Ngale ndlela, sizokwazi ukususa eziningi zazo. izingibe zokuhweba Ziphinde zisebenze kahle nge-bait futhi ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali.
Gwema ama-molluscicides nge ithusi Uma unezimfanzi noma ezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla: zingabulala. Uma usebenzisa amakhemikhali, kwenze lokho emathangeni ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izilwane bese wenza izinguquko ezinkulu emanzini ngemva kwalokho.
Ingabe i-sna infestation form in the aquarium?
Uma iminenke inokudla okuningi nezimo ezinhle, izoba nakho izozala ngesivinini esikhuluKonke lokhu kuzoncika ohlotsheni esinalo kanye nezimo ezikhuthaza ukukhula okunempilo kwesilwane. Uma sinomsoco ngokweqile nezimo ezinhle zeminenke, izokwanda kuze kube yisishayo.
Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso: amafasitela amboziwe lapho kuhwalala, izihlungi ezine amaqanda abonakalayoAmaqabunga anezimpawu zokuluma. Ezimweni, ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane kwembula ukungalingani (ukudla ngokweqile, ukuntuleka kwe-siphoning, ukuqoqwa kwe-biofilm).
Ungayisusa kanjani iminenke e-aquarium
Njengoba sike sasho ngaphambili, kunezinhlobo ezithile ezizele ukuzodla iminenke. Nokho, Kuzodingeka futhi sisuse lolu hlobo uma singasenayo iminenke ku-aquarium.
Okuhle kakhulu zisebenzise kahle izinsiza Futhi ungawadli ngokweqile. Lawula ngokucophelela inani lokudla okunikezwa izinhlanzi ukuze kungabikho izinsalela eziningi ezingadliwe ngaphansi kwe-aquarium, futhi wenze okufanayo ngezitshalo.
Izindlela ezisebenzayo nezihlakaniphile
- Ukuhlolwa kwezitshalo kokuqala: Hlanza kahle, uhlole iqabunga neqabunga. Ongakukhetha: Amabhavu amafushane ane permanganate/alum kanye ne-quarantine.
- ukulawula okuphakelayoSebenzisa inani elincane kodwa ikhwalithi engcono; lahla okusele. Gwema ukushiya imifino isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-6-8.
- Ukususwa mathupha: ngama-tweezers noma inetha, okungcono ebusuku lapho ephuma ngobuningi.
- Izicupho ezidotshiwe: ulethisi/ikhukhamba noma izicupho zezentengiselwano ezingenamakhemikhali.
- Izilwane ezidla ezinye ezikhethiwe: Hlanza Helen ngamanani amancane. Gwema izinhlanzi like i-clown lobster kuma-nano aquariums noma emanzini atshaliwe athambile ngenxa yobukhulu nokuziphatha kwawo.
Izinzuzo zangempela kanye nobubi bokugcina iminenke
IzinzuzoBadla izinsalela zokudla namaqabunga afile, belawula ulwelwe oluthambileBasusa kancane i-substrate (i-Melanoides), benze njenge bioindicators futhi baletha ukuhlukahluka. Ithimba elikhethwe kahle linciphisa imisebenzi yokulungisa.
nebubiNgokweqile, zandisa umthwalo we-organic futhi zingathinta ikhwalithi yamanziEzinye izinhlobo zingadla amaqabunga amathenda uma Bantula ukudla kwezitshalo.Ngobuhle, ukuqhuma kwenani labantu kungase kucasule.
Mingaki iminenke eminingi kakhulu?
Kuya ngosayizi we-aquarium nokubekezelelana kwakho. Njengomhlahlandlela ojwayelekile: Ama-neritin angu-1-2 ngamalitha angama-40 Basebenza kahle kakhulu ngaphandle kwengozi yokugcwala ngokweqile; 10 I-Physas 100 L kungase kwamukeleke uma bengeqi ngale kwalokho; inqwaba I-Planorbis ukumboza ingilazi nesihlungi kuyinto isifoUma ubabona yonke indawo emini kabha, sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo.
Ukuhambisana nezimfanzi nezinhlanzi
Iminenke kanye izimfanzi Zihlala kahle kakhulu: zabelana nge-biofilm ngaphandle kokulimazana. Kuvamile ukuhlanganisa Ama-Neritines con I-Neocaridina o CaridinaGwema izinhlanzi lokho amagobolondo ayaluma noma badla izilwane ezingenamgogodla uma ufuna ukugcina inani labantu elizinzile.
Umhlahlandlela osheshayo wokukhetha ngokuvumelana nenhloso
Ukulawulwa kwe-algae ngaphandle kokuzalanisa emanzini ahlanzekile: Neritina/Clithon. Susa i-substrate: Ama-Melanoids (lawula ukudla). Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane zebhayoloji: Hlanza Helen. Umnikelo wokuhlobisa ngamathangi amakhulu, afudumele: I-Tylomelania. Amathangi okuzalanisa ngokuhlanza njalo: kuncane Planorbis/Physa (ukulawulwa kwabantu).
Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo
Ingabe iminenke yami idla izitshalo? Izinhlobo eziningi ezigcinwe emanzini azidli izitshalo ezinempiloNgokuvamile badla amaqabunga phakathi ukubolaUma ukudla kwezitshalo kuyindlala, zingase zidle izinhlobo ezithambile kakhulu.
Ngibavimbela kanjani ekugcwaleni abantu? Yehlisa i- ukondlaSiphon phansi, sebenzisa izicupho futhi, uma kunesidingo, wethule ezinye umbulali iminenkeKhetha izinhlobo ukuthi Azizaleli kumaswidi (neritinas) uma ufuna ukugwema lezimanga.
Ngibona amachashazi aqinile amhlophe anamathele engilazini: mhlawumbe amaqanda e-neriteAwachanyuselwa emanzini ahlanzekile; ungazisusa mathupha uma zikuhlupha.
Igobolondo libukeka lithambile noma liphukile: amanzi ampofu football noma i-acidic pH. Iphakamisa i-GH nge-remineralizers kanye nokunikezwayo izithako ze-calcium ekudleni.
Ukugcinwa kokuvimbela ukugwema izinambuzane
Yakha isimiso esilula: hlola futhi uhlanze izitshalo ezintsha, ziphakele amanani amancane futhi ubheke ukuthi kusetshenziswe malini emizuzwini emi-2-3, siphon the substrate masonto onke futhi enze amanzi ayashintsha njalo. Ithangi eline inani labantu elimaphakathi Iminenke ijwayele ukuzinza futhi ihlanzeke.
Ukwengeza iminenke ku-aquarium yakho kuyisinqumo esihlakaniphile uma ukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele futhi ulawula ukuphakelwa kwazo. Babhalansisa i-ecosystemZehlisa ukunakekelwa futhi zengeze intshisekelo ebonakalayo. Funda ngabo imikhuba, ukuzala kanye nezidingo ze football Ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinzuzo zayo futhi uvimbele ukuhlasela okungafuneki ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali anonya.