Umhlaba we-jellyfish ugcwele ukwazi kanye nezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngemuva kokubuka ngokucophelela nokuhlaziya ifayela le- i-jellyfish engafi, Namuhla singena ngokugcwele ngesinye isifanekiso esidume kakhulu nesimangazayo. Imayelana ne- i-man-of-war jellyfishYaziwa nangegama elithi i-portuguese caravelI-Portuguese man-of-war, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-bluebottle noma i-sea nettle. Nakuba ivame ukubhekwa iphutha njenge-jellyfish, empeleni i-a ikoloni ye-siphonophore hydroids ezisebenza njengesidalwa esisodwa. Ukulunywa kuyingozi. futhi idinga ukuphathwa okuqondile.
Kulesi sihloko sizokwembula zonke izimfihlo ze-Jellyfish ye-Portuguese man-of-war, sikutshele ukuthi yiziphi izici zayo. izici, indlela yokuphilakanjani khomba yena olwandle, izimpawu okubangela futhi Okufanele ukwenze isinyathelo ngesinyathelo uma kwenzeka ulunywa, ngezincomo ezisekelwe ebufakazini obamukelwa kabanzi kakhulu obuvela kuzinkombandlela zomtholampilo kanye nezifinyezo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Physalia physalis. Kuyinto i-siphonophore hydrozoan emndenini wakwaPhysaliidae. Esinye sezici zayo ezichazayo ukuthi akayena umuntu ohlukile: "umzimba" wayo wakhiwe ukuhlangana kweziningi ama-polyps akhethekile (ama-zooid) asebenzisanayo. Phakathi kwabo, okulandelayo kuyagqama: i-pneumatophore (“useyili” noma ukuntanta), i ama-dactylozooid (amathente ahlabayo okuzivikela nokubamba), i ama-gastrozooid (ukudla) kanye ama-gonozooid (ukukhiqiza kabusha).
Iyanyakaza kumuka nomoya nemisinga Ngenxa yegumbi layo legesi engaphezulu, ingagcwala futhi ifinyelele ezindaweni ezisogwini. Lo "seyili" ungahle uphakame kancane, okubangela ukuthi ikoloni ikhukhuleke iye kolunye uhlangothi noma olunye kuye ngomoya.
Amathente ayo made kakhulu futhi anamandla. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zidlula kalula amamitha ayi-10 Futhi amacala amakhulu kakhulu achazwe, ngakho-ke ungalunywa ngisho nalapho ukuntanta kubonakala kukude. Bambozwe ngaphakathi ama-nematocysts (izakhiwo ezihlabayo ngaphakathi kwama-cnidocyte) ezishisa ubuthi beprotheyini obukwazi ukubenza khubaza izinhlanzi futhi kubangele ukulimala okubi kakhulu kubantu.
Ukuhlasela, ikoloni azungeze idamu futhi alibambe nezithende zalo. Ingxenye yento ephilayo isasele ezintanta phezuluNgenkathi abanye belindile belindele izisulu ezingase zibe khona. Lapho zihlangana ngamaqembu amakhulu (izinkumbi), ingozi kubabhukudi iyanda kakhulu.
Mayelana nobudlelwano bayo nezinye izinhlobo, i I-Portuguese man o' war (Nomeus gronovii) kubonisa a ukubekezelelana ngokwengxenye ebuhlungwini futhi angaphephela phakathi kwamathente. Ngokuphambene nalokho okukholelwa ngezinye izikhathi, i i-clownfish ayivikelekile I-PhysaliaUkubekezelela kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nama-anemone athile, hhayi nalolu hlobo.
Indawo yokuhlala nokusatshalaliswa
I-Portuguese man-of-war ikhetha amanzi ashisayo nashisayo, nakuba ingase ivele ku Izindawo ezipholile lapho umoya nezimo zamanje zivuma. Iqoshwa kaningi ku- i-Pacific Ocean nasezifundeni ze I-Atlántico (kufaka phakathi umthelela we- IGulf Stream) futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile, ku U -ndico.
Indlela yokukhomba indoda yasePutukezi o'war ogwini lolwandle
I-Portuguese man-of-war ibonwa yiyo ukuntanta gelatinous okumise okwesinye noma ikhandlela elincane, emithunzini blush, onsomi noma pinkLesi sakhiwo sihlala ebonakalayo ebusweni, kuyilapho amatende elenga ngezansi. Ingxenye yasemoyeni hhayi ukulumakodwa amathenda ahluke kakhulu ama-agent ahlabayo.
Umehluko oyinhloko uma kuqhathaniswa ne-jellyfish "yakudala" yilokho isinye sakhe siyantanta njengesikebhe esincane. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokunye okubonwa ngasogwini lwethu, kufanele kuhlukaniswe ama-salpsizinhlangano ezisobala, ngaphandle kwamatende ahlabayo futhi ibhekwa njengengenabungozi. Uma ungabaza, gwema ukuthintana futhi wazise abahlengi.
Ukondla i-caravel jellyfish
Ukuzondla ngokwabo, leli koloni ikhubaza inyamazane yayo ngobuthi bezithende zayo futhi iziholele ngasekugcineni ama-gastrozooidlapho zidliwa khona. Iyadla izibungu ze-zooplankton kanye ne-krill, njengabanye i-sea jellyfishfuthi, lapho ifinyelela esigabeni somuntu omdala, ingakwazi ukubamba izimfanzi, ama-prawn, izinkalankala, izinhlanzi ezincane namaqanda ezinye izinhlobo. Uma ukudla kuyindlala, kungenzeka ukudla abantu phakathi kwezibonelo.
Ayinazo izitho zokuphefumula eziyinkimbinkimbi; ukuphefumula kwayo ngokusakazwa kwamagesi ngesikhumba. Lokhu kushintshana kwamanzi kuvumela umoya-mpilo oqhubekayo.
Ukuzala
I-caravel yesiPutukezi iyanikeza ubulili obuhlukene (Kuyi-dioecious). Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, iyakhipha amaqanda nesidoda emanzinilapho ukuvundiswa kwangaphandle kwenzeka. Ama-gonozooid athile angasiza isigaba sokuzala ngaphakathi kwekoloni. isikhathi sokuphila Ivamise ukuba mfishane uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi izibonelo eziningi azidluli eziningana izinyangaibekwe endaweni kanye nokutholakala kokudla.
Nakuba ingatholakala kude nogu, imisinga nemimoya Bavame ukugeza emabhishi. Phakathi kwabo izidlakela kuhlanganisiwe i-loggerhead turtle, lo ufudu lwe-hawksbill, abanye ama-sea slugs (njenge I-Glaucus atlanticus), the i-sunfish, the i-octopus manta futhi ngezikhathi ezithile uhlobo lwenhlanzi o inkemba.
Izimpawu kanye nezingozi zokulunywa
Ubuthi bayo buqukethe izingxenye ama-neurotoxins, i-cytotoxic y I-cardiotoxicUkuthintana namatende kuvame ukukhiqiza nobuhlungu obukhulu ngokushesha futhi izilonda zomugqa ezifana neziswebhu, nge ubomvu, ama-welts futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, ama-vesiclesUbuhlungu bungakwazi ukukhanyiswa kuwo wonke umlenze kakade ama-lymph nodes esifunda (umakhwapheni/umhlubulo).
Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu ze-systemic zivela: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ikhanda, isiyezi, iminyakazo noma i-malaise evamile. ukungahambi kahle komzimba (kuhlanganise ne-anaphylaxis) azivamile kodwa zingenzeka, ikakhulukazi ku izingane, abantu abane izifo noma nge i-pathologies yangaphambiliNakuba umphumela oyingozi uyivelakancane, udinga ukuqapha nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma kunezimpawu zokuqina.
Okufanele ukwenze uma kwenzeka kubangwa indoda yasePutukezi yempi
- Phuma emanzini ngokusheshaGwema ukubhukuda ngokuqhubekayo ukuze unciphise ukuchayeka kumatende kanye nengozi yokulangazelela amanzi uma ubuhlungu bukukhubaza.
- Ungayihlikihli indawoUngasebenzisi amathawula, isihlabathi, noma izandla ezingenalutho. Ithini lokuhlikihla ukushisa ama-nematocysts amaningi futhi kubi nakakhulu ukulimala.
- Susa noma yimaphi amatende abonakalayo con ama-tweezers o amagilavuUma ungenayo, sebenzisa unqenqema luka a tarjeta noma ishidi eliqinile. Gwema ukuthintana ngqo nesikhumba.
- Hlanza ngamanzi olwandle (o isixazululo saline) ngaphandle kokuhlikihla. Gwema amanzi ahlanzekile, njengoba ukushintsha kukasawoti kungabangela ukukhishwa ama-nematocysts aqinile. Qiniseka ukuthi amanzi asetshenzisiwe awanazo izingcezu zetende.
- Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngokushisa: uma kungenzeka, Gxilisa emanzini ashisayo ku-40-45 ° C cishe imizuzu engama-20 (noma ishawa kulelo zinga lokushisa). Ukushisa kungaba ubuthi be-denature I-Thermolabile futhi ihlotshaniswa nokukhululeka okungcono kunokubandayo. Gcina izinga lokushisa ngokugeleza okuqhubekayo noma amaphakethe ashisayo kanye gwema ukusha okokuqala ukuhlola ukubekezelelana endaweni enempilo.
- Okunye uma amanzi ashisayo engekho: amakhaza wendawo con iqhwa eligoqiwe Sebenzisa isikhwama sepulasitiki (ukugwema amanzi ahlanzekile esikhumbeni) imizuzu engu-10-20. Ungalifaki iqhwa ngokuqondile.
- Ukubulala amagciwane kanye nokwelashwaUma kukhona ukuguguleka, ungakwazi bulala amagciwane nge-iodine noma isibulala-magciwane esifanele. Bese uhlola ama-analgesics omlomo, ama-antihistamines y i-corticosteroid ye-topical njengokuqondiswa yiziphathimandla zezempilo. Gada izimpawu ze ukutheleleka y gwema ilanga mayelana nendawo.
- Nini ukuya kuchwephesheUma ubuhlungu kakhulu noma ephikelelayo, kukhona ukuzibandakanya okukhulu, izimpawu zesistimu (isiyezi, ukuhlanza, ukuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo), okuthinta izingane, abantu iguliswa noma nge i-pathologies yangaphambiliEmabhishi anezinsizakalo, yiya ku isiteshi sosizo noma shayela abezimo eziphuthumayo.
Okubalulekile: ngokungafani nezinye i-jellyfish, ku i-portuguese caravel kuyanconywa gwema uviniga, the utshwala, the i-ammonia noma i umchamo, ngenxa yamandla ayo yenza kusebenze ama-nematocysts y ukwandisa ubuhlungu. I bicarbonate diluted Ngezinye izikhathi kukhulunywa ngakho emanzini olwandle, kodwa akukho. izincomo eziqinile ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile. Ezinye iziphakamiso ezindala (njengokufaka isicelo iqhwa elomile) anginayo ukwesekwa kwamanje ngaphambi kwe ukushisa okulawulwayo, okubonisa imiphumela engcono ye-analgesic.
Qué debes hacer
- Ungasebenzisi amanzi ahlanzekile ukuhlanza indawo, noma uviniga, utshwala, i-ammonia o umchamo.
- Ungahlikihli Unganwayi isikhumba sakho; gwema amathawula, isihlabathi, noma amaphedi okucindezela.
- Ungambozi uqinise indawo noma faka isicelo amafutha angabonisiwe Asikho isilinganiso.
- Ungasebenzisi izinkambo akukho ukusikeka. Okubalulekile ukususa amatende, ukuhlanza ngawo amanzi olwandle nokuphatha ubuhlungu ngendlela efanele.
Ukuvimbela nokuphepha emabhishi
Ithuluzi elihle kakhulu yi- ukuvimbelaKhomba amafulegi nezixwayiso, thintana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana infomedusas futhi ulandele imiyalelo ye abahlengi; ikhuluma futhi kungenzeka imikhawulo beachUma ama-caravel ekhona:
- Ungagezi futhi usuke ogwini: kungase kube khona izingcezu zamatende emanzini nasesihlabathini.
- Uma usemanzini futhi ubona a ukuntanta ye-caravel, phuma ngokusheshaAmathenda angaba yinde kakhulu.
- Ungathinti Izibonelo ezihlanganisiwe, ngisho noma zibonakala zomile noma zifile: amathenda ahlala izimpahla.
- La isivikelo selanga Ingase inikeze umphumela omncane wokuvinjelwa, kodwa ayivimbeli udosi.
- Usa abavikeli bomzimba (i-lycras/neoprene) uma ubhukuda ezindaweni ezinezixwayiso eziphindelelayo.
Izilwane ezidla ezinye kanye nendima yezemvelo
Naphezu kokwesaba ezikukhuthazayo, ama-caravel asePutukezi ayingxenye ebalulekile yawo Imvelo yasolwandle. wakhe presa izimfudu zasolwandle, ezihlukahlukene inhlanzi futhi ezinye ama-sea slugsNgokulandelayo, basiza ukulawula inani labantu umabhebhana nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ukuba khona kwabo emabhishi kuncike ezintweni ezifana imimoya, imisinga kanye nokwehluka kwe izidlakela okwemvelo
Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo
- Ingabe iflothi iyaluma? Cha. Yini eyingozi amatende ukucwiliswa emanzini noma izingcezu esihlabathini/emadwaleni.
- Ingabe uviniga uyasebenza? para i-portuguese caravelCha. Mhlawumbe kubi kakhulu ubuhlungu ngenxa yokusebenza kwe-nematocyst.
- Kuyashisa noma kubanda? Uma kungenzeka, Ukushisa okulawulwayo okungu-40-45 °C imizuzu engu-20. Kodwa, kubanda esikhwameni ngaphandle kokuxhumana okuqondile futhi ngaphandle kwamanzi ahlanzekile.
- Ngingakwazi ukugeza ngemva kwalokho? Gwema ukugeza kuze kube ehlise ubuhlungu futhi isikhumba walulamaZivikele ilanga futhi ubheke izimpawu zokutheleleka.
Njengoba ubona, kunezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu. Nakuba zingatholakali ngokwemvelo ogwini, eziningi Imisinga ye-Ocean Bayabadonsa, kanye nokwanda amazinga okushisa futhi izinguquko ku imimoya y izidlakelaAngavela ngokungalindelekile. Hlala unolwazi, qaphela indoda ye-Portuguese o' war, futhi ufake isicelo usizo lokuqala olusekelwe ebufakazini (susa amatende, hlanza ngamanzi olwandle futhi usebenzise ukushisa okulawulwayo ngenxa yobuhlungu, ukugwema uviniga y amanzi amasha) kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa izingozi futhi ujabulele ulwandle ngokuphepha.
