Izwe le-jellyfish ligcwele izinto ezimangalisayo kanye nezinhlobo ezimangalisayo ngempela. Ngemva kokubuka nokuhlaziya ngokuningiliziwe i- jellyfish engafi , namuhla sihlola esinye isibonelo esidumile nesihlaba umxhwele: indoda yempi yasePortugal . Yaziwa nangokuthi i -Portuguese floater , i-Portuguese frigate, noma i-bluebottle. Nakuba ivame ukuphambaniswa ne-jellyfish, empeleni iyikoloni lama-siphonophore hydroids asebenza njengesidalwa esisodwa. Ukulunywa kwayo kuyingozi futhi kudinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile.
Kulesi sihloko sizokwembula zonke izimfihlo ze-jellyfish yasePortugal, sichaze izici zayo , indlela yokuphila , indlela yokuyibona ogwini lolwandle, izimpawu ezibangela yona, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze isinyathelo ngesinyathelo uma uhlatshwa, ngezincomo ezisekelwe ebufakazini obamukeleka kakhulu obuvela eziqondisweni zezokwelapha kanye nezifinyezo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Igama layo lesayensi yi -Physalia physalis . Iyi- siphonophore hydrozoan yomndeni we-Physaliidae. Esinye sezici zayo ezichazayo ukuthi ayiyona eyodwa : "umzimba" wayo wakhiwa ukuhlangana kwama -polyps amaningi akhethekile (ama-zooid) asebenzisanayo. Phakathi kwalawa kukhona i -pneumatophore ("iseyili" noma i-float), ama- dactylozooid (ama-tentacles ahlabayo okuzivikela nokubamba), ama-gastrozooid (ukondla), kanye nama- gonozooid (ukuzala kabusha).
Ithwalwa umoya kanye nemisinga ngenxa yegumbi layo legesi elingaphezulu, elivumela ukuthi ligcwale futhi lifinyelele ezindaweni ezisogwini. Lo "seyili" ungaphakanyiswa kancane, okubangela ukuthi ikoloni likhukhuleke liye kolunye uhlangothi kuye ngokuthi umoya uvunguza kanjani.
Izimpondo zayo zinde kakhulu futhi zinamandla. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, zidlula kalula amamitha ayi-10 ubude, futhi kubikwe ukuthi izimpondo zinde kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuhlaba kungenzeka ngisho nalapho intanta ibonakala ikude. Zimbozwe ama-nematocyst (izakhiwo ezihlabayo ngaphakathi kwama-cnidocyte) akhipha ubuthi bamaprotheni obukwazi ukukhubaza izinhlanzi futhi bubangele ukulimala okukhulu kubantu.
Ukuze ihlasele, ikoloni lizungeza isisulu salo bese lisibamba ngezimpondo zalo. Ingxenye yesidalwa ihlala intanta phezu kwamanzi , kuyilapho ezinye zilenga, zilinde isisulu esingaba khona. Lapho zibuthana ngamaqembu amakhulu (izixuku), ingozi kubabhukudi iyanda kakhulu.
Ngokuphathelene nobudlelwano bayo nezinye izinhlobo, i -man o' war yasePortugal ( Nomeus gronovii ) ikhombisa ukubekezelelana okuncane noshevu futhi ingaphephela phakathi kwezimpondo. Ngokuphambene nalokho okukholelwayo ngezinye izikhathi, i- clownfish ayivikelekile ku -Physalia ; ukubekezelela kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nama-anemone athile, hhayi nalolu hlobo.
Indawo yokuhlala nokusatshalaliswa
Indoda yasePutukezi elwa ithanda amanzi asezindaweni ezishisayo nezingaphansi kwezindawo ezishisayo , yize ingavela ezindaweni ezifudumele lapho umoya nezimo zamanje zivuma. Ivame ukuqoshwa ePacific Ocean nasezindaweni zase- Atlantic (kufaka phakathi lezo ezithonywe yiGulf Stream ) futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile, e- Indian Ocean.
Indlela yokukhomba indoda yasePutukezi o'war ogwini lolwandle
Indoda yasePutukezi eyaziwa ngokuntanta kwayo okuthambile, okufana nesinye noma iseyili encane, enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, noma opinki . Lesi sakhiwo sibonakala ngaphezu kobuso , kuyilapho izimpondo zilenga ngezansi. Ingxenye engenhla komhlabathi ayihlabi , kodwa izimpondo zinobuthi obukhulu.
Umehluko oyinhloko ku-jellyfish "yakudala" ukuthi isinyi sayo sokubhukuda sintanta njengesikebhe esincane esizulazula olwandle. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye i-jellyfish ezibonakala ogwini lwethu, kubalulekile ukuyihlukanisa ne -salps : izinto eziphilayo ezibonakala ngaphandle kwezimpondo ezihlabayo futhi ezibhekwa njengezingenangozi. Uma ungabaza, gwema ukuthintana futhi uxwayise abaqaphi bokuphila.
Ukondla i-caravel jellyfish
Ukuze londle, leli koloni likhubaza isisulu salo ngobuthi obuvela ezintendeni zalo bese lisiqondisa kuma- gastrozooids , lapho sigwinywa khona. Sidla izibungu ze-zooplankton kanye ne-krill , njengezinye i-jellyfish , futhi, lapho sesikhulile, singabamba izimfanzi, ama-prawn, izinkalankala, izinhlanzi ezincane, kanye namaqanda ezinye izinhlobo. Uma ukudla kuntula, ukudla abantu kungase kwenzeke phakathi kwabantu ngabanye.
Ayinazo izitho zokuphefumula eziyinkimbinkimbi; iphefumula ngokusabalala kwamagesi esikhumbeni sayo. Lokhu kushintshana namanzi kuvumela ukugcwaliswa komoya-mpilo okuqhubekayo.
Ukuzala
Indoda yasePortugal enezinilwane ezihlukene (i-dioecious). Ngesikhathi sokuzala, ikhipha amaqanda nesidoda emanzini , lapho kwenzeka khona ukukhulelwa kwangaphandle. Ama-gonozooid athile angasiza isigaba sokuzala ngaphakathi kwekoloni. Isikhathi sokuphila ngokuvamile sifushane, kanti eziningi zazo azidluli izinyanga ezimbalwa , kuye ngendawo ezungezile kanye nokutholakala kokudla.
Nakuba ingatholakala kude nogu, imisinga nemimoya kuvame ukuyiyisa emabhishi. Izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlanganisa ufudu i-loggerhead , ufudu i-hawksbill , ezinye izinhlobo ze-sea slugs (njenge -Glaucus atlanticus ), i -sea sunfish , i- manta ray , kanye ne -salmon noma i-swordfish ngezinye izikhathi.
Izimpawu kanye nezingozi zokulunywa
Ubuthi bayo buqukethe izingxenye ezinobuthi be-neurological , cytotoxic, kanye ne-cardiotoxic . Ukuthintana nezimpondo kuvame ukudala ubuhlungu obusheshayo, obukhulu kanye nezilonda eziqondile ezifana ne-whipped, ezibomvu , ezivuvukalayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amabhamuza . Ubuhlungu bungasakazeka kulo lonke ilunga kanye nama-lymph node esifunda (ekhwapheni/esiswini).
Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zomzimba zingavela: isicanucanu , ukuhlanza , ikhanda elibuhlungu , isiyezi , ukuqaqamba kwamalunga , noma ukugula okuvamile. Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba (kufaka phakathi i-anaphylaxis) akuvamile kodwa kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni , kubantu abane- allergies , noma labo abanezimo zezokwelapha ezikhona . Nakuba imiphumela emibi ingavamile, idinga ukubhekwa nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma kuvela izimpawu zobunzima.
Okufanele ukwenze uma kwenzeka kubangwa indoda yasePutukezi yempi
- Phuma emanzini ngokusheshaGwema ukubhukuda ngokuqhubekayo ukuze unciphise ukuchayeka kumatende kanye nengozi yokulangazelela amanzi uma ubuhlungu bukukhubaza.
- Ungayihlikihli indawoUngasebenzisi amathawula, isihlabathi, noma izandla ezingenalutho. Ithini lokuhlikihla ukushisa ama-nematocysts amaningi futhi kubi nakakhulu ukulimala.
- Susa noma yimaphi amatende abonakalayo con ama-tweezers o amagilavuUma ungenayo, sebenzisa unqenqema luka a tarjeta noma ishidi eliqinile. Gwema ukuthintana ngqo nesikhumba.
- Hlanza ngamanzi olwandle (o isixazululo saline) ngaphandle kokuhlikihla. Gwema amanzi ahlanzekile, njengoba ukushintsha kukasawoti kungabangela ukukhishwa ama-nematocysts aqinile. Qiniseka ukuthi amanzi asetshenzisiwe awanazo izingcezu zetende.
- Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngokushisa: uma kungenzeka, Gxilisa emanzini ashisayo ku-40-45 ° C cishe imizuzu engama-20 (noma ishawa kulelo zinga lokushisa). Ukushisa kungaba ubuthi be-denature I-Thermolabile futhi ihlotshaniswa nokukhululeka okungcono kunokubandayo. Gcina izinga lokushisa ngokugeleza okuqhubekayo noma amaphakethe ashisayo kanye gwema ukusha okokuqala ukuhlola ukubekezelelana endaweni enempilo.
- Okunye uma amanzi ashisayo engekho: amakhaza wendawo con iqhwa eligoqiwe Sebenzisa isikhwama sepulasitiki (ukugwema amanzi ahlanzekile esikhumbeni) imizuzu engu-10-20. Ungalifaki iqhwa ngokuqondile.
- Ukubulala amagciwane kanye nokwelashwaUma kukhona ukuguguleka, ungakwazi bulala amagciwane nge-iodine noma isibulala-magciwane esifanele. Bese uhlola ama-analgesics omlomo, ama-antihistamines y i-corticosteroid ye-topical njengokuqondiswa yiziphathimandla zezempilo. Gada izimpawu ze ukutheleleka y gwema ilanga mayelana nendawo.
- Nini ukuya kuchwephesheUma ubuhlungu kakhulu noma ephikelelayo, kukhona ukuzibandakanya okukhulu, izimpawu zesistimu (isiyezi, ukuhlanza, ukuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo), okuthinta izingane, abantu iguliswa noma nge i-pathologies yangaphambiliEmabhishi anezinsizakalo, yiya ku isiteshi sosizo noma shayela abezimo eziphuthumayo.
Okubalulekile: Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-jellyfish, kunconywa ukuthi ugweme uviniga , utshwala , i-ammonia , noma umchamo lapho uhlaba i-man-of-war yasePortugal , ngenxa yokuthi zinamandla okuvuselela ama-nematocyst futhi zandise ubuhlungu . Ngezinye izikhathi kukhulunywa nge-bicarbonate yesoda exutshwe emanzini olwandle, kodwa azikho izincomo ezinamandla zokusetshenziswa kwayo njalo. Ezinye iziphakamiso ezindala (njengokusebenzisa iqhwa elomile ) azisekelwa okwamanje uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa okulawulwayo , okubonisa imiphumela engcono yokunciphisa ubuhlungu.
Qué debes hacer
- Ungasebenzisi amanzi ahlanzekile ukuhlanza indawo, noma uviniga, utshwala, i-ammonia o umchamo.
- Ungahlikihli Unganwayi isikhumba sakho; gwema amathawula, isihlabathi, noma amaphedi okucindezela.
- Ungambozi uqinise indawo noma faka isicelo amafutha angabonisiwe Asikho isilinganiso.
- Ungasebenzisi izinkambo akukho ukusikeka. Okubalulekile ukususa amatende, ukuhlanza ngawo amanzi olwandle nokuphatha ubuhlungu ngendlela efanele.
Ukuvimbela nokuphepha emabhishi
Ithuluzi elingcono kakhulu ukuvimbela . Thola amafulegi nezixwayiso, bheka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne -Medusas Info , bese ulandela imiyalelo yabaqaphi bokuphila ; futhi qaphela noma yimiphi imikhawulo yasebhishi . Uma kukhona i-jellyfish yamadoda asePutukezi:
- Ungagezi futhi usuke ogwini: kungase kube khona izingcezu zamatende emanzini nasesihlabathini.
- Uma usemanzini futhi ubona a ukuntanta ye-caravel, phuma ngokusheshaAmathenda angaba yinde kakhulu.
- Ungathinti Izibonelo ezihlanganisiwe, ngisho noma zibonakala zomile noma zifile: amathenda ahlala izimpahla.
- La isivikelo selanga Ingase inikeze umphumela omncane wokuvinjelwa, kodwa ayivimbeli udosi.
- Usa abavikeli bomzimba (i-lycras/neoprene) uma ubhukuda ezindaweni ezinezixwayiso eziphindelelayo.
Izilwane ezidla ezinye kanye nendima yezemvelo
Naphezu kokwesaba abakuphefumulelayo, i-jellyfish yamaPutukezi empi iyingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso semvelo sasolwandle . Ziyizilwane ezidla izimfudu zasolwandle, izinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene , kanye nezinye izingwenya zasolwandle . Zisiza ekulawuleni inani lezinhlanzi zase -zooplankton nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ukuba khona kwazo emabhishi kuncike ezintweni ezifana nemimoya , imisinga yamanzi , kanye nokwehluka kwezilwane ezidla ezinye izilwane zemvelo .
Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo
- Ingabe iflothi iyaluma? Cha. Yini eyingozi amatende ukucwiliswa emanzini noma izingcezu esihlabathini/emadwaleni.
- Ingabe uviniga uyasebenza? para i-portuguese caravelCha. Mhlawumbe kubi kakhulu ubuhlungu ngenxa yokusebenza kwe-nematocyst.
- Kuyashisa noma kubanda? Uma kungenzeka, Ukushisa okulawulwayo okungu-40-45 °C imizuzu engu-20. Kodwa, kubanda esikhwameni ngaphandle kokuxhumana okuqondile futhi ngaphandle kwamanzi ahlanzekile.
- Ngingakwazi ukugeza ngemva kwalokho? Gwema ukugeza kuze kube ehlise ubuhlungu futhi isikhumba walulamaZivikele ilanga futhi ubheke izimpawu zokutheleleka.
Njengoba ubona, ezinye izilwane ziyingozi kakhulu kubantu . Nakuba zingatholakali ngokwemvelo ogwini lolwandle, imisinga eminingi yolwandle iyazithwala, futhi njengoba amazinga okushisa ekhuphuka kanye nezinguquko emoyeni nasezidakeni , zingabonakala zingalindelekile. Ukuhlala unolwazi, ukuqaphela indoda yempi yasePutukezi, nokusebenzisa usizo lokuqala olusekelwe ebufakazini (ukususa izimpondo, ukuhlanza ngamanzi olwandle, nokusebenzisa ukushisa okulawulwayo ngenxa yobuhlungu, ukugwema uviniga namanzi ahlanzekile ) kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa izingozi nokujabulela ulwandle ngokuphephile.
