Phambilini sabhala ngenhlanzi engajwayelekile ehlala ekujuleni kolwandle okwaziwa ngokuthi inhlanzi enkulu. Kulesi senzakalo, sizongena kwesinye isakhamuzi esithakazelisayo sasolwandle olulahlwayo: ulwandle. Izinhlanzi ze-Fanfin, ebizwa nangokuthi idimoni lasolwandle noma "fanfin seadevil" ngesiNgisi. Lolu hlobo luphawuleka ngayo ukubukeka okwesabekayo kanye nokujwayela kwabo okuyingqayizivele emakhoneni olwandle angafinyeleleki kakhulu.
Iyini inhlanzi ye-Fanfin noma idemoni lasolwandle?
El Izinhlanzi ze-Fanfin ingenye yezidalwa ezingavamile nezimangalisayo emhlabeni wasolwandle. Le nhlanzi, eyomndeni I-Caulophrynidae nakuhlelo lwe AmaLophiiformes, uhlala ekujuleni kolwandle I-Atlantic, Pacific kanye ne-Indian Ocean. Itholakala ekujuleni phakathi 700 namamitha ayi-3,000, lapho ukucindezela kudlulele futhi ukukhanya kwelanga kungekho nhlobo. Kulesi simo esibucayi, i-Fanfin ifinyelela phezulu 25cm ubude kungafaki imicu nezimpondo zazo ezihlukile, ezingaba zinde kunomzimba wazo.
Isiteketiso sakhe esesabekayo "idimoni lasolwandle»uphuma kwakhe ukubukeka okwesabekayo: umlomo omkhulu ogcwele amazinyo abukhali, amehlo amancane, ahlabayo, nomzimba ombozwe imicu esebenza kokubili njengokucasha nanjengethuluzi lezinzwa. Isikhumba sazo sivame ukuba mnyama, sijwayele ukufihlwa ebumnyameni obungaphansi kolwandle.
Izimpawu nokujwayela kwezinhlanzi ze-Fanfin
- Umzimba ohlangene onamaphiko amade nemicu yezinzwa: Umzimba wayo mncane uma uqhathaniswa nezimpiko zayo ezinde zomhlane kanye ne-caudal, futhi imicu yayo engemuva nengaphambili iyizitho ezithintekayo ezikwazi ukuzwa. ukunyakaza y ukunyakaza emanzini.
- Isitho se-Bioluminescent: Esinye sezici ezigqama kakhulu yi- i-illicium (isakhiwo esiyinyama esitholakala ekhanda) esigcina ngokuthi a isithombe elikhanyayo. Lesi sitho, esakhiwe nge-symbiosis namabhaktheriya e-bioluminescent, siyasivumela ukuthi zikhiqizele ukukhanya futhi bayenge inyamazane yabo “esicuphweni” semilomo yabo.
- Ukujwayela ebumnyameni obukhulu: Ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kungafinyeleli khona, i fanfin Incike ngokuphelele ezithweni zayo zezinzwa kanye nokukhanya ekukhiqizayo ukuze iphile futhi izingele.
- I-Pelagic kanye ne-benthic predator: Naphezu kokuhlukaniswa njenge i-anglerfish, inganyakaza kokubili eduze nolwandle (i-benthic) nasemanzini ajulile avulekile (pelagic).
Lezi zici zenza i-Fanfin ibe yimodeli eyingqayizivele ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, okuyisibonelo sokuthi ukuphila kungachuma kanjani ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Ukubukeka kwayo kobudemoni empeleni kuwumphumela wesidingo sokusinda lapho ezinye izidalwa zingakwazi khona.
Amasu okuzingela nokondla
El fanfin kubhekwa njengenye ye izilwane ezidla ezinye eziphumelela kakhulu kwezinzulu. Ngenxa yokushoda kokudla kanye nezimbangi kuleyo ndawo, kufanele isebenzise noma yiliphi ithuba lokuphakela.
- I-Bioluminescence nokuzingelaIsitho esikhanyayo siyithuluzi laso eliyinhloko. Ngokubaneka nokunyakaza, idonsela izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-crustaceans, nezinye izakhamuzi zobumnyama.
- Umlomo oweqile: Ukwakheka komhlathi wayo kuyivumela ukuthi igwinye inyamazane yobukhulu obukhulu maqondana nomzimba wayo, omele inzuzo enkulu endaweni enezinsiza ezimbalwa.
- Izinzwa eziphakeme: Njengoba cishe ingaboni, incike emicupheni yayo yezinzwa, ethola amaza amancane nokudlidliza okukhishwa yinoma iyiphi inyamazane engase isondele.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi zamanzi ezingajulile, i-fanfin ayidingi ukunyakaza okuningi: ithatha isu lokucupha nokunganyakazi, ahlale ethule futhi elinde ngesineke isisulu ukuba sikhangwe ukukhanya kwawo.
Ukusatshalaliswa nendawo yokuhlala
El indawo yemvelo I-Fanfin fish ihlanganisa izindawo ezibanzi izindawo kwalasha olwandle lwe-Atlantic, Pacific, kanye ne-Indian Ocean. Ngokuvamile itholakala phakathi kwamamitha angu-700 no-3,000 ukushona, nakuba amanye amarekhodi asikisela ukuthi ingafinyelela ekujuleni nakakhulu.
- Izindawo eziyingozi kakhulu: Uhlala ezindaweni lapho i- lokushisa Iphansi, ukucindezela kuphezulu kakhulu futhi ukukhanya kwelanga akungeni.
- Ukuncintisana okuncane: Izinsiza zokudla ziyindlala, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bayo ekuhambeni, ukubona indawo ezungezile, nokuzingela kuvumela ukuba uphile lapho ezinye izidalwa eziningi zingahluleka khona.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlanzi zitholakala kude ithonya eliqondile lomuntu, nakuba isimo sezulu sishintsha umhlaba wonke kanye nokwanda kokuhlolwa kolwandle olujulile kungaba nomthelela endaweni abahlala kuyo esikhathini esizayo.
Umehluko nezinye izinhlanzi ezijulile zolwandle
Izinhlanzi ze-Fanfin zivame ukuqhathaniswa ne inhlanzi enkulu ngenxa yokufana kwazo kokuma nokuziphatha, njengoba zombili zilandelana okufanayo (AmaLophiiformes). Nokho, i-Fanfin ihlukaniswa ngokuthi isenayo ngisho nemicu namaphiko abanzi okuyinikeza ukubukeka okuxakile nokumangalisa nakakhulu.
- Isitho esikhanyayo esithuthuke kakhuluNakuba behlanganyela nge-bioluminescence, isitho se-Fanfin nemicu yayo ibonakala kakhulu.
- I-dimorphism yocansi enkulu: I-Fanfin, ngaphezu kwamanye ama-anglerfishes, ibonisa umehluko ngosayizi nokuma phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane oyisisekelo kubhayoloji yayo.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha kanye ne-dimorphism yocansi eyedlulele
Esinye sezici ezithakazelisa kakhulu ze-Fanfin ukuthi imodi yokudlala. Kubonakala ngokuba ne- i-dimorphism yocansi ephawuleka kakhuluUmehluko phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane awugcini nje kuphela usayizi, kodwa ekusebenzeni kanye nendima ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
- Owesilisa omncane kakhulu: Amaduna mancane futhi awasebenzi ngokwawo; abesifazane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bakhulu kakhulu futhi baqine kakhulu.
- I-parasitism yokuzala: Phakathi nesigaba sezibungu, abesilisa nabesifazane baphila ngokuzimela, kodwa lapho sebefinyelele ukuvuthwa ngokobulili, iduna lifuna owesifazane. Uma esemtholile, azinamathisele emzimbeni wakhe futhi ahlangane naye, abe ngu amagciwane ehlala inamathele kweyensikazi, ithola umsoco kuyilapho umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukuvundisa amaqanda lapho kudingekile.
- Isitho sokuhogela esithuthuke kakhulu: Ukuze zithole ezinsikazi ebumnyameni obukhulu bakwalasha, amaduna amancane anekhono elibukhali lokuhogela, elikwazi ukuthola amangqamuzana amakhemikhali akhishwa izinsikazi ezindaweni ezikude.
Le nqubo engavamile yokuzala i- ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ekuphileni kwalasha, lapho ukushoda kwabantu ngabanye kanye nobunzima bokuthola umlingani kwenza kube nesidingo sokuqinisekisa impumelelo yokuzala yanoma yikuphi ukuhlangana.
Ukubaluleka kwemvelo nezinsongo
Noma Izinhlanzi ze-Fanfin Akuyona into evamile ekudobeni kwezentengiselwano futhi ayinayo inani le-gastronomic eliqhathaniswa ne-monkfish, igcwalisa a indima ebalulekile kuma-ecosystems ajulile. Isebenza njengesilwane esikhulu esizingelayo endaweni yaso, ilawula isibalo sabantu bezinhlobo ezincane futhi igcina ibhalansi echungechungeni lokudla olungapheli.
- Ukuzwela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu: Ukwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa olwandle kanye i-acidification zolwandle zingaba nomthelela omubi endaweni yazo, zibe nomthelela emijikelezweni yazo yokuphila, ikhono lazo lokuzala kanye nokuba khona kwezilwane ezizingelayo.
- Ubunzima bokufunda: Ukungafinyeleleki kwendawo yazo yemvelo kusivimbela ekuqondeni ngokugcwele imininingwane yebhayoloji yabo, ukuziphatha, kanye nenani labantu langempela. Ngisho nanamuhla, izinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlobonhlobo ngaphakathi kweLophiiformes ziyaqhubeka nokutholakala.
Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukulondoloza izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ekujuleni kolwandle kuyisihluthulelo sokuqonda kangcono ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kanye nokulingana komhlaba wonke kolwandle lapho kubhekene nezinsongo ezifana nokuhlola izimayini nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ilukuluku kanye nezinganekwane mayelana Fanfin
- Ugqozi lwenganekwane yesayensi: Ukubukeka kwayo okwesabekayo okuyingqayizivele kusebenze njengereferensi yezidalwa zasolwandle kumafilimu asabekayo namaphupho nemidlalo yevidiyo.
- Ukuminyana kwabantu okuphansi: Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla kwazo, lezi zinhlanzi azivamile ngisho nasezindaweni ezihlala kuzo, okuzenza zibe uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lokuzibona nokufunda endle.
- Ukungazi okudumile: Nakuba kuyisakhiwo sodumo, abantu abaningi bayayididanisa nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezijulile olwandle ngenxa yezici zayo ezivamile phakathi kweqembu le-anglerfish.
El Izinhlanzi ze-Fanfin noma idemoni lasolwandle Kuyimpicabadala yangempela phansi kolwandle, enikezwe izinto ezimangazayo ukuzivumelanisa nebhayoloji Zibonisa indlela ukuphila okungahlukahluka ngayo ngisho nasezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu emhlabeni. Nge-bioluminescence yabo, imicu, nendlela yokuzala eyingqayizivele, bayaqhubeka behlaba umxhwele kokubili ososayensi nalabo abalokotha bacabange ukuthi kwenzekani kwalasha.