I-Las I-Aeromonas Zingamagciwane athinta kabi impilo yezinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile, abangela izifo ezingaba yingozi uma zingelashwa ngendlela efanele. Lawa mabhaktheriya angatholakala ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini asekhaya, emapulazini ezinhlanzi nasezindaweni zemvelo zamanzi. I I-Aeromonas Bangosomathuba, bahlasela lapho izimo zamanzi zingafanele noma lapho izinhlanzi zingaphansi kwengcindezi.
Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-aeromone ezivame ukuthinta izinhlanzi: I-Aeromonas salmonicida y I-Aeromonas hydrophila.
I-Aeromonas salmonicida
Lolu hlobo lwamabhaktheriya lwaziwa kakhulu ngokubangela i-furunculosis ezinhlanzini, isifo esithinta ikakhulukazi i-salmon, kodwa nezinye izinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile. I I-Aeromonas salmonicida Kuyibhaktheriya ye-gram-negative kanye ne-psychrophilic (ikhula emazingeni okushisa aphansi), okwenza ibe yingozi nakakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini noma emapulazini ezinhlanzi lapho amanzi abandayo etholakala khona.
Izimpawu ezinhlanzini ezinegciwane zihlanganisa:
- Ukopha emisipha.
- Ukuvuvukala esikhumbeni.
- Okopha kwangaphandle okuphawulekayo, okuhlanganisa nendle yezinhlanzi.
Lesi sifo sithuthuka ngokushesha, futhi uma singatholakali futhi siphathwa ngesikhathi, singaholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu kuphela. Lokhu kutheleleka kuvame ukuhlobene nokushoda ekugcinweni kwamanzi, kanye nezimo zengcindezi eqhubekayo ezinhlanzini.
I-Aeromonas hydrophila
La I-Aeromonas hydrophila Ngolunye uhlobo lwamabhaktheriya okuthi, ngaphezu kokuthinta izinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile, angakwazi ukuthelela izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasezweni ngisho nezilwane ezincelisayo, kuhlanganise nabantu. Yimbangela yezifo ezifana I-hemorrhagic septicemia, eyenza buthaka kakhulu izinhlanzi futhi ingasakazeka ngokushesha endaweni ehlala emanzini.
Leli bhaktheriya lingabangela izinhlobo ezimbili zokutheleleka:
- Ukutheleleka kwangaphandle: Zizibonakalisa njengokubola kwe-fin, eqala ngokuphuka kancane kuze kube yilapho amaphiko ahlakazeka ngokuphelele.
- Ukutheleleka kwangaphakathi: Zithinta izitho ezifana nezinso, zibangele ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, okuthi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kungaholela e-dropsy. Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa ukwehlukana kwezikali kanye ne-exophthalmos (amehlo avuvukele).
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zifo zivame ukwenzeka ezindaweni lapho izinga lamanzi liphansi. Ukuminyana de peces, ukuntuleka komoyampilo kanye nokunqwabelana kwemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo kudala indawo ekahle yokwanda I-Aeromonas hydrophila kanye namanye amagciwane e-pathogenic.
Ukwelashwa kanye nentuthuko endaweni yasemanzini
Ukwelashwa kwezifo I-Aeromonas Kwenziwa ngokuthuthukisa izimo ze-aquarium noma echibini. Izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe yilezi:
- Ikhwalithi yamanzi: Yenza izinguquko zamanzi ngokwengxenye njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imingcele efana ne-pH, izinga lokushisa nokuhlunga kusesimweni esifanele. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukunqwabelana kwemfucuza kanye nezinsalela zokudla ezingakhuthaza ukwanda kwamagciwane.
- I-Alimentación adecuada: Nikeza ukudla okuphilayo kanye nezithako zamavithamini ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba ezinhlanzi.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-antibiotic athile angasetshenziswa. Kunconywa ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwe-penicillin, ngoba amagciwane I-Aeromonas Ziyakwazi ukumelana nalolu hlobo lokwelashwa. Kunalokho, imithi efana ne-sulfonamides, i-oxytetracycline noma i-chloramphenicol ingasetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wezilwane okhethekile.
Kubalulekile ukwenza izinqubo zokuvimbela, ngoba izifo ngenxa I-Aeromonas ingaba nezinga eliphezulu lokuphindaphinda uma izimbangela eziyisisekelo, njengokuminyana, zingalawulwa ngendlela efanele de peces kanye nezimo ezimbi zamanzi.
Ukuvimbela izifo ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini nasezindaweni zokuzalanisa
Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokugwema izifo ezibangelwa I-Aeromonas ukugcina isimiso sokunakekela nokuhlanza i-aquarium. Indawo ehlanzekile ayigcini nje ngokukhuthaza impilo yezinhlanzi, kodwa futhi inciphisa amathuba okuba i-pathogen ichume.
Izinqubo ezihamba phambili ezilandelayo zingasiza ekuvimbeleni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezinhlanzini:
- Ukugcinwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi: Hlola amanzi akho njalo ukuze ugade amazinga e-ammonia, ama-nitrites nama-nitrate. Amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke, afakwe umoya-mpilo futhi angabi namagciwane.
- Gwema ukuminyana: I-aquarium akufanele ibe nabantu abaningi, njengoba ukusondelana phakathi kwezinhlanzi kungenza kube lula ukusabalala kwezifo.
- Ukulawula ingcindezi: Ukucindezeleka kwenza amasosha omzimba ezinhlanzi zibe buthakathaka, kuzenze zingenwe kalula izifo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ubahlinzeka ngendawo ethulile, enendawo eyanele nezindawo zokucasha.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-probiotics: Ama-probiotics angaba nomthelela empilweni yamathumbu ezinhlanzi futhi aqinise amasosha omzimba, ngaphezu kokuncintisana namabhaktheriya e-pathogenic afana I-Aeromonas hydrophila.
Ukumelana nama-antibiotic ku-Aeromonas hydrophila
Inkinga ekhulayo ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa I-Aeromonas hydrophila ukumelana ne-antimicrobial. Leli bhaktheriya likhonjiswe ukuthi liyakwazi ukumelana nemithi eminingi elwa namagciwane, okwenza kube nzima ukwelashwa kwayo ezindaweni zasemanzini nasezindaweni zokuchanyuselwa. de peces ezentengiso.
Izinhlobo ze I-Aeromonas hydrophila Bangadlulisela izakhi zofuzo kwamanye amagciwane, okubeka ingozi enkulu ezinhlelweni ezincike kuma-antibiotics ukulawula izifo. Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlaziya kwe-bacteriological ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic ukuze ukhethe umuthi ofaneleka kakhulu futhi unciphise amathuba okuba nokungazweli.
Ukusetshenziswa ngokunganaki kwemithi elwa namagciwane akuthinti nje ukufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini, kodwa futhi kumelela ingozi empilweni yabantu, ngoba I-Aeromonas Kungase futhi kubangele izifo kubantu, ikakhulukazi uma ukudla okungcolile kudliwe noma kukhona ukuxhumana nezindawo zasemanzini lapho amagciwane ekhona.
Kafushane, I-Aeromonas Bangamabhaktheriya ayingozi kakhulu ezinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile, kodwa ngezinqubo ezifanele zokunakekela, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okukhethekile, kungenzeka ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo. Ukunaka ukucindezeleka kwezinhlanzi, ukugwema ukuminyana, kanye nokwenza izinguquko zamanzi njalo kubalulekile ekugcineni i-aquarium enempilo, engenazifo. Nakuba amagciwane I-Aeromonas Azikwazi ukumelana nemithi ethile elwa namagciwane, ukuphathwa kahle kwezinsiza kanye nezeluleko zezilwane kungenza umehluko ekusindeni kwezinhlanzi kanye nokusimama kwezindawo zasemanzini.