La Uthingo lwenkosazana, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi I-Oncorhynchus mykiss, ingenye yezinhlobo de peces okuthakazelisa kakhulu futhi baziswa emhlabeni ngenxa yombala wayo ocwebezelayo, ukubaluleka kwawo njengokudla kanye nendima yawo eyinhloko ekudobeni kwezemidlalo. Ekuqaleni kusukela entshonalanga ye ENyakatho Melika, le nhlanzi yethulwe emazweni amaningi, isiba uhlobo lwezithakazelo zemvelo nezohwebo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe zonke izici ezifanele ze-rainbow trout, kusukela ku-morphology yayo kuya endaweni yayo yokuhlala, ukondla nokukhiqiza kabusha, ngokusekelwe olwazini oluqhathaniswa nolwandisiwe nedatha evela eziningana. imithombo kuqashelwe.
Izici Ezijwayelekile Ze-rainbow Trout
I-rainbow trout ingeyomndeni I-Salmonidae futhi wabelana ngokufana okuningi ne-salmon. Isici sayo esihluke kakhulu umbala wayo omangalisayo, ohluka ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nendawo yokuhlala, iminyaka kanye nenkathi yokuzala. Inomzimba omude futhi ocindezelwe eceleni, olungele ukubhukuda ngesivinini esikhulu emifuleni nasemachibini anamanzi acwebile.
Ubude obumaphakathi be-rainbow trout buyasukela Amasentimitha angama-50 no-76, nakuba ezinye izibonelo zingafinyelela kumamitha angu-1,20. Isisindo sayo esijwayelekile singamakhilogremu angu-3,6, kodwa ama-specimens angaphezu kuka-XNUMX kilograms nawo aqoshiwe. 24 amakhilogremu. Mayelana neminyaka yokuphila, lolu hlobo luphila iminyaka emi-4 kuya kweyisi-6 ezimweni zemvelo, nakuba abanye abantu bengafinyelela iminyaka engu-11 ezindaweni ezilawulwa kakhulu.
Isisu se-rainbow trout ngokuvamile simhlophe njengeparele, futhi ingxenye yayo engemuva ingaba phakathi kwemithunzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi noma onsundu, kuye ngokuthi uhlala kuphi. Okugqamayo ikakhulukazi umugqa obomvana noma obomvu ogijima ngobude ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba wayo, uphelezelwa amachashazi amnyama asakazwe emhlane nasemaphikweni.
Ukusatshalaliswa nendawo yokuhlala
I-rainbow trout idabuka e- imifula namachibi aseNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi kusukela esifundeni sase-Rocky Mountain. Ngenxa yekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zasemanzini, lolu hlobo selwethulwe ngempumelelo kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica. Njengamanje, itholakala emanzini ahlanzekile nanosawoti wamazwe afana neChile, Argentina, Spain kanye neJapane, phakathi kwamanye.
Uncamela ukuhlala imifula, amachibi nemifudlana ngamanzi abandayo, acacile futhi anomoya-mpilo omuhle. Lezi zimo zivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezinezintaba. Kwezinye izimo, i-rainbow trout ifudukela olwandle, lapho iba nombala ocwebezelayo oyisici. Lezi zinhlobo ezifudukayo, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-trout ye-steelhead, buyela emanzini ahlanzekile ukuze ukhiqize, okufana nokuziphatha kwe-salmon.
Ukudla
Ukudla kwe-rainbow trout ikakhulukazi esidla inyama. Iyadla izinambuzane, ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusk nezinhlanzi ezincane, kanye nezibungu namaqanda ezinye izinhlobo. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, i-trout ivame ukubamba izinambuzane ezindiza phezu kwamanzi. Esigabeni sazo sobusha, lezi zinhlanzi zezinhlanzi ziphinde zidle i-zooplankton.
Lokhu kuziphatha kokudla kuyehluka kancane kuye ngendawo yayo yokuhlala. Ngokwesibonelo, emachibini nasemifuleni enezintaba eziphakeme, i-rainbow trout incike kakhulu ezintweni eziphila emanzini.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha kanye Nomjikelezo Wempilo
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-rainbow trout kuyinqubo yaminyaka yonke (ngezikhathi ezithile) okwenzeka ngokujwayelekile phakathi kwezinyanga zikaNovemba noFebhuwari, kuye ngezimo zezulu nezinga lokushisa lamanzi. I-trout ifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nengu-4 ubudala. Phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, abesilisa bahlakulela i-dimorphism yobulili esobala, babe bakhudlwana futhi babonisa izinguquko ku-morphology yabo, njengomhlathi ophansi obonakala kakhudlwana.
Ukuzala kwenzeka emibhedeni yamatshe, lapho insikazi igubha a nido besebenzisa amaphiko abo ukufaka amaqanda. Iduna libe selivundisa amaqanda ngaphandle. Insikazi ngayinye ingabekela amaqanda aphakathi kuka-200 no-8.000. Ukufukamela kwamaqanda kuncike ekushiseni kwamanzi, okuphakathi kuka-8 no-12 ºC. I-Fry ichanyuselwa phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-19 kanye ne-31 emva kokuvundiswa, ngaleso sikhathi idla esikhwameni se-yolk emasontweni ambalwa okuqala.
Ukubaluleka Kwezomnotho Nemvelo
Intshisekelo enkulu ku-rainbow trout kungenxa yakho kokubili ukubaluleka kwayo ekudobeni kwezemidlalo kanye nenyama yayo, ecebile omega-3 futhi yaziswa kakhulu ku-gastronomy. Inyama yabo ingaba mhlophe, pink, orange noma imbala ebomvu emnyama, kuye ngokudla kanye nendawo yokuhlala. Ithengiswa isanda, ibhenywa, iqandisiwe noma isethinini.
Emkhakheni wezemidlalo, lolu hlobo lungenye yezintandokazi zabadobi ngenxa yemvelo yalo yokulwa kanye nekhono lalo lokunikeza isipiliyoni sokudoba esiyinselele.
Umthelela Wemvelo kanye Nezinhlobo Ezihlaselayo
Kodwa-ke, i-rainbow trout ingaba yinkinga yemvelo ngenxa yesimo sayo njenge Izinhlobo ezihlaselayo. Lapho yethulwa ezindaweni ezingaphandle kwendawo yayo yemvelo, ingaqhudelana nezinhlobo zemvelo, iguqule izinhlelo zemvelo futhi idlulise izifo. Kwezinye izifunda, njengeSpain, le trout ifakiwe ku- Ikhathalogu YaseSpain Yezinhlobo Ezihlasela Alien, evimbela ukwethulwa kwayo endaweni yemvelo.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukutshalwa kwayo okulawulwayo ezindaweni zasemanzini kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa le mithelela kuyilapho kusizakala ngezinzuzo zayo zezomnotho.
I-rainbow trout, ngokungangabazeki, iwuhlobo oluhehayo oluhlanganisa ukukhanga okumangalisayo nokuhambisana okuphawulekayo kwezomnotho kanye nemvelo. Ukuphatha kwayo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuzibophezela ukuze kugwenywe imithelela emibi kuma-ecosystem endawo.