Kusukela ngomhlaka-10 Januwari, ukudoba ngokuzijabulisa eSpain kungena esigabeni esisha sokuqapha kwedijithali . Noma ubani odoba olwandle kuzodingeka ajwayele okungaphezu nje kokulungisa izinduku nokudla okudliwayo: kuzodingeka futhi asebenzise ifoni yakhe ephathekayo ukuqopha uhambo lwakhe lokudoba.
Ushintsho olukhulu yisidingo sokubika ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi ngokuzijabulisa usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza olusemthethweni, i-PescaREC . Akunandaba ukuthi udoba usegwini, esikebheni, noma ngaphansi kwamanzi; ukuthi ugcina izinhlanzi esikebheni noma uzikhulula emanzini; noma noma ungalunywanga nakanye: umsebenzi kumele ubhaliswe.
Iyini i-PescaREC futhi ubani oyigunyazayo?
I-PescaREC uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula lukahulumeni waseSpain olwenzelwe ukuqoqa idatha yokudoba ngokuzijabulisa ngesikhathi sangempela . Leli thuluzi ligcwalisa imfuneko ye-European Union, ephoqa amazwe angamalungu ukuba abe nolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokubamba ngokuzijabulisa ukuze aphathe kangcono izinsiza zasolwandle.
ESpain, le mfuneko izogxila ekudobeni ngokuzijabulisa emanzini angaphandle , awela ngaphansi kombuso. Imiphakathi ezimele izokwazi ukwandisa lolu hlelo olufanayo emanzini angaphakathi , okusho ukuthi ezindaweni eziningi ezisogwini, ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza kuzoba, empeleni, imfuneko eyisisekelo yokudoba.
Lesi sinyathelo sizothinta zonke izinhlobo zabadobi: abadobi basogwini, abagibeli bezikebhe zokuzijabulisa, kanye nabadobi bemikhonto . E-Andalusia, isibonelo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezinkulungwane zamalayisense okuzijabulisa angamashumi ezinkulungwane , kanti inani elikhulu kakhulu litholakala ezifundazweni ezifana neCádiz, lapho izimvume ezingaba ngu-20.000 zisebenza njengamanje.
Ezindaweni ezinesiko lokudoba eliqinile njengeziQhingi zaseBalearic noma iGulf of Cadiz, lapho ukudoba kokuzijabulisa kuyingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke kwemindeni eminingi, ukufika kwePescaREC kuchazwa njengoshintsho olukhulu emithethweni yomdlalo , njengoba okokuqala kuzodingeka ukuqapha okuhlelekile kwalo msebenzi.
Kanjani futhi yini okufanele umemezele ekudobeni kokuzijabulisa
Ifilosofi ye-PescaREC ilula ephepheni: uhambo ngalunye lokudoba kumele luqoshwe kuhlelo lokusebenza . Umsebenzisi uzobika uhambo lwakhe, futhi ekupheleni kosuku, abonise ukuthi kukhona yini abakubambe, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlanzi, zingaki, kanye nosayizi nesisindo sazo esilinganiselwe.
Imithethonqubo ihlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezinezinyathelo ezithile zokulondolozwa nezinye. Uma kukhulunywa ngezinhlobo ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile noma ngezilinganiso zaseYurophu —njenge-bluefin tuna, i-albacore tuna, i-swordfish, izinhlobo ezithile ze-tuna, i-hake, i-sea bass, noma ezinye izinhlobo ze-sea bream kanye ne-marlin—irekhodi kumele libe nemininingwane eningiliziwe, kufaka phakathi nezibonelo ezibuyiselwa ziphila olwandle.
Kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo, imfuneko eyinhloko izoba ukumemezela usuku lokudoba ngokuzijabulisa , yize ezindaweni ezifana neGulf of Cadiz sekudlulele phambili: umthetho wase-Andalusian olawula ukudoba ngokuzijabulisa olwandle wethula uhlu oluthile lwezinhlobo okumele zibikwe ngemva kokubanjwa kwazo.
Lolu hlelo lokusebenza luzosetshenziselwa futhi ukuqapha ukuhambisana nezidingo zosayizi omncane . Uma izinhlanzi zibanjwa ngaphansi kobude obuvunyelwe, kumele zibuyiselwe olwandle, futhi ukuqapha kwedijithali kuzoqinisa ukulandelelwa futhi kwenze kube nzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa kabi lezi zinhlanzi.
Empeleni, abadobi bezokuzijabulisa bazothola ukuthi, ngaphezu kwemishini yabo evamile, kuzodingeka bashaje futhi baxhunywe amafoni abo, njengoba ukusebenza kohambo lwabo lokudoba kuncike ekubhaliseni umsebenzi ku-PescaREC . Uhambo olungenalo ukubhaliswa lungabhekwa njengokwephulwa kwemithethonqubo.
Imikhawulo yokubamba nesisindo ngelayisensi ngayinye nomkhumbi
Uhlaka oluzungeze i-PescaREC alugcini ngokubhaliswa kwedijithali: luhlanganisa imikhawulo eqinile yokubamba ukudoba ngokuzijabulisa , ikakhulukazi ecacile endabeni yase-Andalusia. Isinqumo sesifunda sibeka umkhawulo ojwayelekile ngelayisensi ngayinye kanye nosuku lwamakhilogremu ama-5 esisindo senhlanzi esiphilayo, noma amakhilogremu ama-4 uma izinhlanzi zilahliwe ebhodini.
Kukhona ukuguquguquka okuthile ngesimo "sengxenye eyengeziwe" : lapho kubanjwa izinhlanzi kuphela, kuvunyelwe ukudlula kancane isisindo esiphezulu ngesampula esisodwa esengeziwe, uma nje ezinye izidingo zihlonishwa, njengosayizi omncane kanye nezinhlobo ezigunyaziwe.
Ngokuphathelene nama-cephalopods, umthetho wase-Andalusian ubeka umkhawulo othize wamakhilogremu ayisithupha ngelayisensi ngosuku uma kubanjwa lezi zilwane kuphela. Lapho abantu abaningana abanelayisensi bedoba emkhunjini ofanayo, inani eliphelele lezinhlanzi ezidotshiwe nsuku zonke alikwazi ukudlula amakhilogremu angu-25, kungabalwa izinhlanzi ezengeziwe ezigunyaziwe.
Yonke le mingcele iklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwengcebo nokugcina ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwezindawo zokudoba . Uhulumeni ukhumbuza wonke umuntu ukuthi ukudoba ngokuzijabulisa, nakuba kuhloselwe ukuzisebenzisa nokuzilibazisa, kusewumsebenzi wokukhipha indle, lapho kwenziwa ngezinga elikhulu, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ohlelweni lwemvelo lwasolwandle.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imithethonqubo ivimbela ngokuqinile ukubanjwa kwezinhlobo ezivikelwe noma lezo ezifakwe ohlwini lokulondolozwa , kanye nalezo ezinikezwe isabelo se-zero ezinqumweni zaseYurophu mayelana nokubanjwa kwezinhlanzi okuvunyelwe ngokuphelele (ama-TAC). Uma lezi zinhlobo zibanjwa ngengozi nge-hook, kumele zibuyiselwe emanzini ngokushesha.
Izinhlobo okufanele zimenyezelwe eGulf of Cadiz
Esinye sezici ezicacile kakhulu zesimiso esisha uhlu lwezinhlobo okumelwe zibanjwe ezindaweni zokudoba zaseGulf of Cádiz . Inhloso ukuqapha eduze inani labantu abangaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yokudoba ngokuzijabulisa.
Lezi zinhlobo zifaka phakathi izinhlanzi eziningi ezivame kakhulu ezibanjwa ohambweni lokudoba lokuzijabulisa , kusukela ezidla ezinye zasogwini kuya kuma-cephalopod ayigugu kakhulu. Ezinye zezinhlobo okumele zibhaliswe ne-PescaREC uma zibanjwa kule ndawo yilezi:
- I-Bream (Sparus aurata)
- I-sea bass noma i-snook (i-Dicentrarchus labrax)
- Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-sargos (Diplodus spp)
- I-Baila (Dicentrarchus punctatus)
- I-Red snapper (Pagrus pagrus)
- I-Herrera (Lithognathus mormynus)
- I-Urta (Pagrus auriga)
- I-Mojarra (Diplodus vulgaris)
- I-Bream (Pagellus erythrinus)
- I-Chough noma i-bluefish (i-Pomatomus saltatrix)
- I-Roncaor (Pomadasys incisus)
- I-dentex evamile (Dentex spp)
- I-pomfret ebomvu (Beryx decadactylus)
- Lisas (Liza spp)
- I-Borriquete (Plectorhinchus mediterraneus)
- Kusohlwini (Katsuwonus pelamis)
- Ingwane (Loligo vulgaris)
- I-Cuttlefish, i-cuttlefish noma i-cuttlefish (i-Sepia officinalis)
- I-conger eel (i-Conger conger)
- Musola (Mustelus mustelus)
- I-croaker emnyama (Pseudotolithus senegalensis)
- I-Chopa (Spondyliosoma cantharus)
- I-Barracuda noma i-barracuda (i-Sphyraena sphyraena)
- I-Galan noma i-raor (Xyrichtys novacula)
- I-Tunny encane (i-Euthynnus alletteratus)
- I-pollock yamanga (Epinephelus alexandrinus)
- I-Oblada (Sparus melanurus)
- Ihlumela lomvini (Stromateus fiatola)
- Boga (Boops boops)
- I-Melva (Auxis rochei)
Ukufakwa kwama-cephalopod afana ne -squid kanye ne-cuttlefish , kanye nezilwane ezidla ezinye ezisogwini ezifunwa kakhulu njenge-gilthead seabream, i-European seabass noma i-dentex, kubonisa inhloso yokulawula izinhlobo ezibalulekile zalesi sidlo kanye nokulinganisela kwezindawo zemvelo zasogwini.
Izinhlobo ezingavunyelwe okufanele zibuyiselwe olwandle
Kanye nezinhlobo okumele zibikwe, umthetho wokudoba olwandle ngokuzijabulisa e-Andalusia ubala uhlu olude lwezinhlobo okuvinjelwe ukubanjwa kwazo, ukugcinwa kwazo, ukufika kwazo, kanye nokuthuthwa kwazo . Uma zivela ngengozi emgqeni wokudoba, kumele zikhululwe ngokushesha futhi zisesimweni esihle kakhulu.
Lolu hlu luhlanganisa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, oshaka, imisebe, izinhlanzi ezinkulu ze-pelagic, kanye nezinhlobo ezisengozini noma ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile . Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Ama-mollusk amaningi, ngaphandle kwe-squid (Loligo spp) ne-cuttlefish (Sepia spp)
- Ingwane (i-Octopus spp) endaweni elawulwayo yokuzijabulisa
- Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-thresher sharks (Alopias spp)
- Izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezijulile njenge-catfish (Apristurus spp), ama-grunts (Centrophorus spp) noma oshaka bezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene
- Ushaka omkhulu omhlophe (Carcharodon carcharias) kanye noshaka omkhomo (Rhincodon typus)
- Hammerhead shark (Sphyrnidae spp), blue shark (Prionace glauca) kanye nezinye izinhlobo oceanic
- Imisebe ehlukahlukene nemisebe ye-manta (Mobula spp, Manta birostris, Myliobatis aquila, Raja undulata, phakathi kokunye)
- Ingelosi yolwandle noma i-angelshark (Squatina squatina)
- Ama-sturgeons (i-Acipenser spp, kuhlanganise ne-sturgeon evamile ne-Adriatic)
- I-salmon yase-Atlantic (i-Salmo salar) ne-sea trout (i-Salmo trutta) kwezinye izimo
- I-Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) kumongo wokudoba ogwini lwase-Andalusia
- Ama-Seahorses (Hippocampus spp)
- I-Grouper (Polyprion americanus)
- UJohn Dory (uZeus faber)
- I-Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)
Umqondo ongemuva kwalolu hlu ucacile: ukuvimbela izinhlobo ezisengozini noma lezo ezinciphayo ukuthi zingabi nengcindezi eyengeziwe yokudoba ngokuzijabulisa . Uhulumeni uxwayisa ngokuthi ukwehluleka ukulandela le mithetho kungaholela ezijezisweni, okuhlanganisa nokulahlekelwa yilayisensi yokudoba.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunesifiso sokuvimbela ukudoba kokuzijabulisa ekubeni yindlela eyimfihlo yokumaketha izinhlanzi ezibucayi, into abadobi bezinhlanzi abayenzile iminyaka eminingi beyigxeka kwezinye izindawo zokudoba zaseSpain.
Kungani i-Brussels idinga ukumenyezelwa kwezinhlanzi zokuzijabulisa
Isibopho sokumemezela izinhlanzi ezidotshwayo zokungcebeleka azivelanga lutho. I-European Union isineminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ixwayisa ngesidingo sokulawula lo msebenziEmuva ngo-2009, umthethonqubo woMphakathi wasungula isibopho sokwenza uhlaka olufanayo lokulawula ukudoba ngenjongo yokuzijabulisa, kucatshangelwa inani labadobi kanye nomthelela wabo ongaba khona kubantu abathile. de peces Ayemakhulu kakhulu kunezibalo ezisemthethweni ezibonisiwe.
Ngo-2013, iPhalamende laseYurophu lagcizelela ukuthi amazwe angamalungu kumele aqinisekise ukulawula okusebenzayo . Imithethonqubo yakamuva ichaza lesi sibopho: amazwe kumele aqoqe futhi abike idatha ngokubanjwa kokuzijabulisa eBrussels njalo ngonyaka, kanye nosuku olubhekiselwe kulo njengoMeyi 31.
Kulesi simo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-PescaREC eSpain kuyindlela ekhethiwe yokuhambisana nomyalo waseYurophu wokuqoqa ulwazi oluphelele . Ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC), kulinganiselwa ukuthi kungaba nabadobi abacishe babe yizigidi eziyisishiyagalolunye abadoba ngokuzijabulisa eYurophu nokuthi izindawo abadoba kuzo, kwezinye izimo, zingafinyelela engxenyeni yesithathu yenani lokudoba kwezohwebo.
ESpain, idatha evela kososayensi iphakamisa ukuthi kunezimvume zokudoba zokuzijabulisa eziphakathi kuka-900.000 no-1.200.000 , ezisatshalaliswa phakathi kokudoba ogwini, ukudoba ngesikebhe komuntu ngamunye noma okwabiwe, kanye nokudoba ngemikhonto. Izifunda ezifana ne-Andalusia, ezinogu lolwandle olungaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-900, izindawo ezimbili ezinkulu zokudoba (iMedithera neGulf of Cádiz), kanye nenethiwekhi eqinile yamakilabhu nama-marina, ziyisibonelo esivelele sokubaluleka kwezomnotho nezenhlalo kwalo msebenzi.
Kubacwaningi, isici esiyinhloko kuze kube manje kube ukuntuleka kwedatha ehlelekile ngalokho okuqoshwayo ngempela . Bathi ngaphandle kwalolu lwazi kunzima kakhulu ukweluleka izinhlaka zikahulumeni nokuphakamisa izinyathelo zokuphatha ezifanelana ngokoqobo.
Umbono wesayensi: ukusuka ekungathembeni kuye ekubeni namandla njengethuluzi
Ngokombono wesayensi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-PescaREC kubhekwa njengethuba lokunciphisa "indawo emnyama" enkulu yokudoba ngokuzijabulisa . Abacwaningi abavela kwi-IEO-CSIC, njengososayensi wezinto eziphilayo uPaz Jiménez, bagcizelela ukuthi, nakuba kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukudoba ngokuzijabulisa kungabalwa cishe ingxenye yesithathu yezinhlanzi ezibanjwa kwezinye izinhlobo, lezi zilinganiso zinesilinganiso esikhulu sokungaqiniseki.
UJiménez uveza ukuthi ukudoba ngokuzijabulisa kuyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokwemishini, izikhathi, nezindawo : kwenziwa kusukela ezindaweni ezivimbe amanzi, ezindaweni ezinamadwala, emabhishi, ezikebheni ezincane, ngisho nasebusuku, kuncike kakhulu ezimweni zezulu. Konke lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuqapha kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko zokuthatha amasampula.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinkundla zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne- International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) zikhuthaze abadobi bezokuzijabulisa ukuthi banikeze ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nokubamba kwabo. Isisekelo silula: yibo abazi kahle umsebenzi wabo futhi, ngokombono, abanganikeza idatha ethembekile kakhulu ngalokho okuthathwa olwandle.
Ososayensi bagcizelela ukuthi, ngaphandle kwedatha, abaphathi bavame ukukhetha izinyathelo zokuvimbela nezokulondoloza , ngoba nje abazi ngomthelela wangempela wokudoba ngokuzijabulisa kuhlobo ngalunye. Ngokulandela lo mqondo, ithuluzi elinikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe, esikhathini esimaphakathi, lingahumusha libe yizinqumo zokuphatha ezicwengekile futhi ezingase zingabi nemingcele lapho ingcindezi yokudoba iboniswa iphansi.
Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bayavuma nokuthi lonke uhlelo luthembele kakhulu ekukholweni okuhle kanye nokubambisana komkhakha wokudoba wezokungcebeleka . Ukusebenziseka kwe-PescaREC kuzoncika ekusebenziseni abasebenzisi njalo nangokwethembeka, into engaqinisekiswa uma ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi ibona le mfuneko njengethuluzi nje lokulawula noma lokujezisa.
Ukugxekwa nokungabaza okuvela kubadobi bezokungcebeleka
Ngasohlangothini lwabadobi bezinhlanzi zokuzijabulisa, ukusabela esidingweni sokumemezela ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi, ezimweni eziningi, kube ukungakhululeki nokungathembani . Izikhalazo ziyanda ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kanye nasezinkundleni ezikhethekile ngalokho okubonwa njengomthwalo omkhulu wezikhulu ezibekwe emsebenzini wokuzilibazisa.
Amapulatifomu afana nePereyna Recreational Fishing and Nautical Association of the Pitiüses , ase-Ibiza, ajoyine inethiwekhi yezinhlangano ezivela emiphakathini ehlukene (iGalicia, i-Andalusia, iValencia, iziQhingi zaseCanary, phakathi kwezinye) ezihlaziya ukuqaliswa kwePescaREC futhi zilungiselela izikhalo ezisemthethweni ngokumelene nalesi sinyathelo.
Kwabakhulumeli bala maqembu, isidingo sokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza kukho konke ukuphuma simele umthwalo omkhulu , ikakhulukazi kulabo abadoba izikhathi ezimbalwa ngonyaka. Baphikisana ngokuthi umdobi wokuzijabulisa osebenzisa isikhathi sakhe samahhala ukuphonsa udobo akufanele abhekane nezinqubo abazibona ziyinkimbinkimbi, noma abe yilokho abanye abakuchaza ngokumangalisayo ngokuthi "unjiniyela we-NASA ukuze nje akwazi ukudoba."
Okunye ukukhathazeka okuphindaphindiwe ukuhlukana kwedijithali . Akubona bonke abadobi bezokuzijabulisa abakhululekile ukusebenzisa ama-smartphone, futhi abantu abadala noma labo abangenayo i-inthanethi bangase bakuthole kunzima kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa nesistimu yedijithali kuphela. Ngakho-ke, izinhlangano eziningana zifuna ukugcinwa kwezindlela ezilula ukuzisebenzisa, ezisekelwe ephepheni kulabo abangenalo ulwazi lobuchwepheshe.
Ezindaweni lapho amathuluzi asevele ekhona okubika ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi ezindaweni zokugcina izinhlanzi zasolwandle—njengoba kunjalo eziQhingini zaseBalearic ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Recreational Fishing Diary—ukuba khona kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka . Abadobi besaba ukuhambisa amarekhodi aphindwe kabili kuye ngokuthi badoba ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina izinhlanzi, okuzokwandisa ubunzima obucatshangwayo.
Izikhundla ezicashile nezimfuno zezinye izindlela
Akuwona wonke amazwi emphakathini wokudoba ngokuzijabulisa aphikisana ngqo nokulawulwa. Ezindaweni ezifana neFormentera, abanye abamele umphakathi wokudoba bathi bebelokhu bememezela ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi ezindaweni ezithile zasolwandle iminyaka eminingi , nokuthi ukwelula lesi sibopho ezindaweni eziningi akufanele kube yinkinga enkulu, uma nje uhlelo lusebenza.
Kulezi zimo, inkinga eyinhloko akuyona kakhulu into ebalulekile yomthethonqubo—isidingo sokwazi ukuthi yini edotshwayo ukuze kuphathwe kangcono izinhlanzi—kodwa indlela ekhethiwe yokusetshenziswa kwayo . Kuphikiswana ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokusebenza kufanele kube yindlela evelele, kodwa hhayi yodwa, ukuze kugcinwe ezinye izindlela ezifana namafomu ephepha noma iziteshi zomuntu mathupha emaqenjini athile.
Kucelwa futhi ukucaca mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo, izindawo, kanye nezimo ezithile ezizodinga ukumenyezelwa , ukuze kugwenywe isimo sokungaqiniseki lapho ngisho nohulumeni engakaqedi yonke imininingwane emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwayo.
Izinhlangano zigcizelela nesidingo sokuhambisana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zomthetho nemikhankaso yolwazi kanye nemfundo . Ziyakhumbula ukuthi, esikhathini esidlule, izinhlelo ezifana nemikhankaso yokuqwashisa mayelana nosayizi omncane ("vumela izinhlanzi ezincane zikhule") zathinta ingxenye enkulu yabantu ngenxa yokuxhumana okuqhubekayo nokucacile.
Kulokhu, abakhulumeli abaningana bakholelwa ukuthi kube nokuntuleka kwencazelo yangaphambilini evela kohulumeni , okuye kwavuselela umuzwa wokufakwa ngokuzumayo futhi kwenza kwaba nzima ngalo mkhakha ukwamukela lesi sinyathelo njengesawo.
Isikhundla sokudoba ngochwepheshe kanye nokugxekwa kokuzingela ngokungemthetho
Ukwamukelwa kwe-PescaREC kuyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kokudoba kochwepheshe nokwezandla . Izinhlangano zabadobi kanye nezinhlangano zikazwelonke ziyakwamukela iqiniso lokuthi ukudoba kokuzijabulisa ekugcineni kuzodingeka ukuthi kumenyezelwe ukubanjwa kwabo ngendlela efana nalabo abaziphilisa ngolwandle.
Abadobi abangochwepheshe baveza ukuthi bebelokhu bebika ngokucophelela ukuthi babambanise kangakanani kanye nemizamo yabo yokudoba iminyaka eminingi , nokuthi lolu lwazi lomlando luye lwaba yisisekelo sezinqumo eziningi zokuphatha. Bakholelwa ukuthi ukuntuleka kolwazi olulinganayo oluvela ekudobeni kokuzijabulisa kudale ukungalingani lapho kuhlolwa isimo sangempela sezindawo zokudoba.
Ezinye izinhlangano ziyaqhubeka futhi ziveza ukuthi ingxenye encane yokudoba ngokuzijabulisa iholele emikhubeni eseduze nokuzingela ngokungekho emthethweni, ngokuthengiswa kwezinhlanzi okungamenyezelwanga ezindaweni zokudlela noma ezitolo zasendaweni futhi ngaphandle kokulandelela, ngisho noma izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zingaphansi kwezilinganiso noma izinyathelo zokulondolozwa.
Kusukela kulo mbono, isibopho sokumemezela ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi zokudoba ngokuzijabulisa sibhekwa njengethuluzi lokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kabi okungenzeka futhi sihlukanise ngokucacile phakathi kwalabo abadoba ukuze basetshenziswe bona kanye nalabo abazama ukuzuza ngokungemthetho . Kuphinde kuhunyushwe njengendlela yokuqinisa impikiswano yabadobi abangochwepheshe lapho becela ukubuyekezwa kwezabelo noma ukuvinjelwa kokudoba, okunikeza isithombe esiphelele somzamo wokudoba jikelele.
Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi uma uhlelo lokulawula lwedijithali lungasebenzi noma lusetshenziswa ngokungajwayelekile, i-European Union ingasebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile ngisho nangokwengeziwe , njengokulandelela kusetshenziswa amadivayisi okubeka, imikhawulo enzima kakhulu yelayisensi, noma ukuvalwa kwesikhashana kwezinye izindawo zokudoba zokuzijabulisa.
Izinselele ezisele: ubulula, ukwethembana, nokuthobela kwangempela
Ngale kombhalo wezomthetho, inselele yangempela izoba sendlela isibopho sokumemezela ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi zokuzijabulisa esisetshenziswa ngayo ngokoqobo . Ukusebenza kahle kwe-PescaREC kuzoncika ezicini ezifana nokulula kokusetshenziswa kohlelo lokusebenza, ukuzinza kobuchwepheshe bohlelo, kanye nokuthi abasebenzisi bangabhalisa ngokushesha kangakanani umsebenzi wabo ngaphandle kokuhlupheka okukhulu.
Phakathi kwezinkinga ezibucayi kakhulu isidingo sokuqinisekisa ezinye izindlela kulabo abangenawo amandla okusebenzisa ama-smartphone . Izimo zansuku zonke njengokuphelelwa yibhethri, ukubhekana nezinkinga zokumbozwa, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lokusebenza kungadala izingxabano uma kungekho zinqubo ezicacile zokuthethelela ukungakwazi ukudlulisa ukwahlukana.
Okungeziwe kulokhu udaba lokuqapha nokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwedatha . Nakuba uhlelo lokusebenza luqoqa ulwazi oluningi, kusazoba nzima ukuqinisekisa, kuzo zonke izimo, ukuthi lokho okumenyezelwe kufana nalokho okubanjwe ngempela, okuvula ithuba lokungabiki kahle uma amanye amalungu omphakathi wabadobi eqhubeka nokuba nobudlelwano.
Kusukela emikhakheni yesayensi neyobungcweti, kugcizelelwa kakhulu ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lubhekwe njengethuluzi elihlanganyelwe phakathi kukahulumeni, abacwaningi, kanye nemboni yokudoba, kunokuba kube yindlela yokujezisa kuphela. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, bakhomba ukuthi, kuzobaluleka ukuthi impendulo enikeziwe ibonakale: isibonelo, ngemibiko evamile ekhombisa ukuthi idatha ethunyelwe ngabadobi inikela kanjani ekuthuthukiseni ukuphathwa kanye nesimo sezinsiza zasolwandle.
Emongweni wokucindezela okwandayo ezindaweni zemvelo zasolwandle kanye nemithethonqubo eqinile yaseYurophu efuna ukuqonda okubanzi ngayo yonke imisebenzi yokukhipha amanzi, isibopho sokubika ukubanjwa kokudoba kokuzijabulisa siphawula ushintsho olukhulu. Impumelelo noma ukwehluleka kwalo kuzoncika kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwaleli thuluzi, ukucabangela kwalo amaphrofayili ahlukahlukene abadobi, kanye nokuqonda okubanzi ukuthi umbiko wokubamba wansuku zonke unikela ngesinye isiqeshana empikiswaneni yokuzinza kolwandle.