Bancane, bayaphila, futhi banobuntu obuthandekayo: izinkalankala ziheha ukunaka ngezinzipho zazo ezinkulu kanye nokunyakaza okungakhathali. Uma ucabanga ukuyigcina ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuqonda izidingo zayo, ngoba akusona isilwane sakho esivamile samanzi ahlanzekile. Okokuqala, Zidinga amanzi anosawoti kanye nendawo enhle yomhlaba ukuvela nokumba, into ebahlukanisa nezilwane eziningi ezingenamgogodla zasemanzini esivame ukuzibona ezitolo. Lokhu kwenza ukunakekelwa kwazo kufane nokwezinye izinkalankala ezihlala emanzini njenge inkalankala.
Phakathi kweqembu le-fiddler fish (uhlobo lwe-Uca, elinenqwaba yezinhlobo zezilwane), i-Uca annulipes idume kakhulu, ibonakala ngephethini yayo egqamile emnyama nemhlophe kanye nemibala ehlukile yezinzipho zayo. Ngokubheka okuncane, uzobona ukuthi kungani zibizwa ngokuthi i-fiddler fish: uma zidla ngozipho lwazo oluncane, zibheke phambili. Babonakala “bedlala” ivayoliniAmehlo abo ahambayo nawo ayamangalisa, ayakwazi "ukushanela" indawo ebazungezile njengamawipha omoya. Phakathi kokuqukethwe okwabiwe ama-aquarists nemithombo yezobuchwepheshe, uzothola izindatshana ezigadwe odokotela bezilwane abanolwazi olunzulu, kanye nolwazi olutholakala ngezinye izilimi; intshisekelo abayenzayo iyabonakala ngoba ezinye izindatshana zithole amashumi ezinkulungwane zokubukwa, nezibalo ezidlula 32,000 ukubukwa ezimweni ezithile.
Ukuhlonza kanye nelukuluku ongakwazi ukuphuthelwa
Kwabesilisa, isici esiphawulekayo i-clamp engalingani Zisebenzisa izinzipho zangaphambili ukuxhumana nokubonisa, kuyilapho uzipho oluncane oluphambene lusetshenziselwa ukuletha ukudla ngokushesha emlonyeni wabo. Uma zibhekwa ngaphambili ngesikhathi sokudla, zinikeza umbono wokudlala i-violin, yingakho igama labo elivamile. Lesi senzo sijwayelekile kangangokuthi noma yimuphi umshisekeli usibona ngokushesha.
Okunye okuxakayo okukhangayo indlela ebuka ngayo umhlaba: amehlo ayo anyakaza ngapha nangapha ngomnyakazo oshintshayo oya emuva naphambili osikhumbuza amawipha omoya. Ngalokhu kunyakaza "okushanelayo", isilwane sigwema amaqhubu lapho sidlula ngaphansi kwamaqabunga noma ezinye izithiyo, futhi sibona ngokunembile ukuthi kwenzekani emaceleni aso, nakuba ekuqaleni sibonakala sibheke phambili. Lokhu kunyakaza kwamehlo okukhethekile... Kuzivumela ukuthi ziziqondise futhi zivikele amehlo azo. ngaphandle kokudinga ukuwagoqa njengoba kwenza ezinye izinkalankala eziqinile.
Ukuhlukanisa ubulili kulula kakhulu. Abesifazane banezinzipho ezimbili ezinosayizi ofanayo kodwa ezincane ngaphambili, kuyilapho abesilisa bedlala uzipho oludumile olune-hypertrophied. Uma ubheka ngaphansi kwe-carapace yabo, i-plastron yesisu inikeza enye inkomba: kwabesilisa incane futhi inonxantathu, kanti kwabesifazane. Inomumo obanzi futhi oyindilingaIndlela yakudala yocansi izinkalankala esebenza ngokumangalisayo lapha.
I-annulipes lizard, ikakhulukazi, ivame ukubonakala ngephethini yayo yomgogodla ehlukile (lolo hlobo lokukhanya "umdwebo" kungemuva elimnyama) kanye nombala wezinzipho zayo, okuyenza ibukeke ngendlela engaqondakali. Ziyizilwane ezifuna ukwazi futhi ezisebenzayo; azinakwa muntu ozibhekile isikhashana. Uma ujabulela ukubuka ukuziphatha kwemvelo, Le nkalankala izokujabulisa enezimpawu, imizila eseceleni kanye nokumbiwa okuncane.
Indawo yemvelo kanye nokusetha okuhle: kungani i-paludarium isebenza kangcono
Endle, izinkalankala zihlala ezindaweni zomhlume ezisogwini nasezindaweni zemifula ezinamanzi anodaka nosebe olunodaka lapho bambe khona imigodi. Ekhaya, ukuphindaphinda le ndawo kubalulekile. I-aquarium yasemanzini kuphela ayifinyeleli, ngoba lezi zinkalankala zidinga ukuza ngasogwini njalo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetha okunengqondo kakhulu indawo exubile, njenge-paludarium noma i-aquaterrarium, ehlanganisa ikholomu yamanzi nendawo eyomile, efinyelelekayo. Uma ukhululekile ngalo mbono, maningi amathuba okuthi bachume kunalokho uma uzama ukuwagcina ku-aquarium evamile.
Nge-substrate, okufanelekile ukunikeza isisekelo se- isihlabathi esihle noma ingxube enesihlabathi enodaka ebavumela ukuba bambe. Ukwehlela okuthambile, ingxenye eyomile iphakanyiswe kancane, yenza kube lula ngenkalankala ukuthi iye phezulu naphansi kalula. Uma ungeza izingodo noma izimpande, uzothola ukuzinza emhlabeni futhi, ngenhlanhla, udale izindawo zokukhosela. Okubalulekile wukubanikeza izizinda lapho bezophephela khona futhi bembe ngokuthanda kwabo; kulo mkhuba wokuvela nokunyamalala, Bazizwa bephephile futhi bengacindezelekile kangako.
Mayelana namanzi, sikhuluma ngezimo ezinosawoti, lelo phuzu eliphakathi phakathi kwamanzi ahlanzekile nanosawoti. Awudingi ukunemba uma ungenakho okuhlangenwe nakho, kodwa ukungaguquguquki kuyisihluthulelo: izinga eliqinile likasawoti, izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi, nomoya-mpilo omuhle kuzokwenza ukuphila kube lula esilwaneni. Ngaphambi kokulungiselela konke, khumbula ukuncibilikisa usawoti othile we-aquarium (usawoti wetafula ngeke ukwenze) futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuhlunga okuthambile kodwa okusebenzayo ukugcina izinga lamanzi ngaphandle kokukhiqiza imisinga eyeqile.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ingxenye yasemoyeni. Ukugcina izinga elithile lomswakama endaweni eyomile kuthuthukisa ukubola futhi kuvimbela ama-gill nezicubu ukuthi zome. Isivalo esimpintshayo sibalulekile, ngoba laba baculi bodaka bangabaculi bemvelo bokuphunyuka. Ungalibukeli phansi ikhono labo lokukhuphuka; hlanganisa isivalo esivikelekile esinomoya owanele futhi, uma kunesidingo, ivikela izintambo nezikhala lapho abangangena khona.
Isexwayiso esingavamisile ukuvela kumanyuwali ayisisekelo: qaphela nge-Java moss eboshwe ngochungechunge noma intambo. Ngobukhulu namandla ozipho lwayo, inkalankala ingabhajwa, iphele amandla, futhi ilimale kabi. Kube nezigameko zezilwane ezitholwe zikhathele, zingenazipho, noma okubi nakakhulu, zivaleleke kulezi zibopho. Uma uzosebenzisa ubulembu noma ezinye izitshalo ezidinga ukwesekwa, khetha izindlela eziphephile ngaphandle kwezibopho ezinhle Kuyinto ehlakaniphe kakhulu ukuyenza.
- Indawo yasemanzini enamanzi anosawoti kanye nokuhlunga okuzinzile; awekho amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile isikhathi eside
- Indawo enkulu futhi efinyeleleka kalula ingaphuma, yome, futhi imbe.
- I-substrate yesihlabathi esihle noma ingxube enodaka olunesihlabathi imigodi ezinzile.
- Izindawo zokukhosela ezinezingodo, amaqabunga nemigede ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
- Vikela isivalo nendawo enomswakama endaweni eyomile ukuze izinguquko ezilungile.
Ukudla okunomsoco: ukuthi badla kanjani futhi yini ngempela
Lezi zinkalankala zidla ngosomathuba; endle, bakhuhla i-substrate bese bekhetha izinhlayiya eziphilayo, izilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla, nezinsalela ezinomsoco. Ekuthunjweni, bamukela ukudla okuhlukahlukene: kusukela ekudleni okuqondene nezilwane ezingenamgogodla kuya ezingxenyeni ezincane zokudla kwezinhlanzi, imifino e-blanched, noma amalungiselelo acebile nge-calcium. Khumbula ukuthi "isandla sabo esihle" sokudla uzipho lwabo oluncane: sisebenzise Balokhu beletha ukudla emlonyeni., ngaleso senzo setiyetha esisithanda kakhulu.
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga, nikela ngokudla endaweni ethile, okungcono kakhulu eduze nogu noma endaweni enomswakama kancane. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lemfucuza ehlakazeka emanzini futhi kwenze kube lula ukukhipha okusele. Yondla ngokusesilinganisweni nangezinye izinhlobo zokudla ukuze uqinisekise ukudla okuphelele; amaprotheni amaningi ezindaweni ezincane angabangela i-spike ku-nitrogen compounds futhi, ngenxa yalokho, egcizelela izinkalankala nesihlungiIzingxenye ezincane, ezivamile, nezihlukahlukene zingcono kakhulu.
Ukwengeza ukudla kwabo kwe-calcium kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuthaza ama-molts anempilo. Amagobolondo agayiwe, ama-cuttlefish chips, noma ukudla okune-mineral-fortified kungenza umehluko. "Ukuqiniswa" kwansuku zonke akudingekile, kodwa ukunikezwa okuvamile kubalulekile. Qaphela umsebenzi wabo: i-fiddler finch esebenzayo, enemibalabala, futhi enelukuluku iyinkomba enhle yokuthi ukudla okunomsoco nendawo ezungezile kuyathandeka. Basendleleni efanele.
Ukuhambisana, ukuphatha kanye nokuphila kahle
Izinkalankala ze-Fiddler aziwona ama-tank mate ajwayelekile. Ziyakwazi ukuncela izinhlanzi ezihamba kancane noma ezihlala phansi, bese zihlushwa yizinhlobo ezinolaka noma ezinovalo kakhulu. Uma ufisa ukubagcina bendawonye, bheka izakhamuzi zasemanzini anosawoti ezingaqhudelani ngendawo eyodwa futhi ezingalumi. Phakathi kwabo, abesilisa bangaba indawo; ezindaweni ezivalekile ezinezindawo zokucasha ezimbalwa, Ukungqubuzana cishe akunakugwenywaLapho indawo inkulu kanye nezindawo zokukhosela eziningi, kuba ngcono ukuhlalisana.
Uma kuziwa ekuphatheni, okuncane kuningi. Gwema ukuwalanda ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Ukucindezeleka okuvela ekuphatheni kubonakala ngokushesha futhi kungaholela emasosha omzimba abuthakathaka noma izinkinga ze-molting. Buka izimpawu eziyisixwayiso: ukukhathala isikhathi eside, ukuphelelwa ukudla, ubunzima bokufika ogwini, noma ukuhlala ekhoneni elilodwa. Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, hlola usawoti, izinga lokushisa, izinga lamanzi, nokwakheka kwe-paludarium. Ukuxazulula izinkinga kusenesikhathi kuvame ukuba lula njengokuthi... lungisa imvelo kanye nesimiso.
Khumbula, izilwane ezingenamgogodla zizwela kakhulu ezinsimbi ezisindayo, ikakhulukazi ithusi. Gwema ukwelapha nokuhlobisa okungakhulula lezi zinsimbi. Mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngezempilo, thintana nemithombo ethembekile, futhi uma udinga isiqondiso, funa iseluleko kochwepheshe bezilwane abanolwazi lwezilwane ezingavamile. Ngendawo ezinzile, indawo enhle yomhlaba, nokudla okuhlukahlukene, ama-pathologies awavamile ukuvela sina.
Ulwazi oluwusizo nomphakathi: funda kulabo asebevele bezamile
Ngaphandle kwemihlahlandlela kanye namaphepha eqiniso, kunomphakathi osebenza kakhulu ozungeze izindawo zasemanzini. Amaforamu nezikhala ezifana nama-subreddits anikezelwe ekugcinweni kwezinhlanzi ziletha ndawonye izithombe, amavidiyo, izindatshana, nezingxoxo, futhi zisebenza njengendawo yokucela iseluleko lapho kuphakama umbuzo. Ukubamba iqhaza kule miphakathi kukuvumela ukuthi uqhathanise ukusetha, ubone izixazululo ze-DIY, futhi ufunde kokuhlangenwe nakho kwamanye ama-aquarists, konke okunomoya osebenzayo nongenekayo ovame ifinyeza ijika lokufunda.
Emkhakheni wezithenjwa ezichwepheshile, kuvamile ukuthola okuqukethwe okubuyekezwe ngodokotela bezilwane abangaba namashumi eminyaka besipiliyoni somtholampilo. Isibonelo, kukhona ama-athikili asayinwe noma abhalwe ngokubambisana ngochwepheshe ababhalisiwe abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 yokusebenza, abaqeqeshwe emanyuvesi ahlonishwayo, nabanomsebenzi omude emtholampilo ofanayo edolobheni lakubo. Ukuba nalolu hlobo lokubuyekeza kunikeza ukwethembeka kumfundi ovamile, ngoba uyazi ukuthi iseluleko esiyisisekelo mayelana nenhlalakahle nokuphatha sihlolwe ochwepheshe futhi akuwona nje "amaqhinga" angafundi. Lesi sitembu sochwepheshe, sihlanganiswe nombono womphakathi, qoqa ulwazi ukuthi udinga ukwenza izinqumo ezinhle.
Uzothola ulwazi ngezilimi eziningi, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi abavela emazweni ahlukene ukwabelana ngolwazi nokuqhathanisa izimo zasendaweni (ikhwalithi yamanzi kampompi, ukutholakala kukasawoti, izinhlobo zesihlabathi, njll.). Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi ezinye izindatshana ziqongelela ukubukwa okungaphezu kuka-32,000: inkalankala iheha ngokuziphatha nobuhle bayo, futhi njengoba umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa ukhula, Isisekelo solwazi siyakhula. esinakho esandleni.
Uma ukhetha umbono owodwa, makube yilokhu: zama ukuphindaphinda indawo ehlala emanzini futhi ungayiphoqi ukuthi iphile njengenhlanzi. Amanzi ane-brackish azinzile, indawo enkulu yezwe okufanele uphume futhi umbe, i-substrate enesihlabathi, izindawo zokucasha, kanye nesimiso sokudla esinengqondo. Njengoba lezi zisekelo sezimi ngomumo, “ikhonsathi” yayo yansuku zonke—ukudla njengokungathi udlala ivayolini, ukuzulazula ngalawo mehlo asula iwindi, nokubonisa uzipho lwayo olukhulu—izoba iculo le-paludarium yakho. Ukuyibona isebenza, ifuna ukwazi, futhi idlangile kuzoba wuphawu lwalokho Wenza kahle.