Ukuqanduselwa kofudu lolwandle i-leatherback , olukhulu kunazo zonke izilwane zasolwandle eziphilayo, kungenye yezindawo zemvelo ezihlaba umxhwele nezibalulekile kakhulu zokulinganisela ulwandle. Njalo ngonyaka, amabhishi emhlabeni wonke aba yisiteji lapho amakhulu ezimfudu ezincane elwela khona ukuhamba esuka esihlabathini aye emanzini, ehlanganyela komunye wemijaho enzima kakhulu yokusinda embusweni wezilwane. Nakuba le nqubo imangalisa ngokwayo, ayizinazo izinselele zayo: eziningi zalezi zimfudu ngeke zifinyelele ebudaleni, njengoba kumele zinqobe izithiyo zemvelo kanye nezingozi ezivela emisebenzini yabantu.
Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezimfudu zasolwandle, i -leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) ayivelele nje ngobukhulu bayo obumangalisayo—ingadlula amamitha amabili ubude futhi ifinyelele isisindo esingaba amakhilogremu angu-700—kodwa futhi nobuhlobo bayo obubucayi nendawo ezungezile ngesikhathi senqubo yokuzala. Umjikelezo uqala lapho izinsikazi ezindala, ngemva kokufuduka isikhathi eside olwandle, zibuyela ogwini olufanayo lapho zazalelwa khona ukuze zibeke amaqanda azo, okubonisa ukuxhumana okungavamile nendawo yazo yokuvela kanye nezigaba zenyanga, ezizisebenzisa njengesiqondiso.
Inkambo yesithiyo sokusinda
Ngemva kokubeka amaqanda azo ezidlekeni ezimbiwe ngokucophelela esihlabathini, uhambo oluvela esidlekeni oluya olwandle lufushane, kodwa lugcwele izinsongo: kusukela ezinyonini ezidla ezinye nezilwane ezincelisayo ezicashe ogwini lolwandle, kuya engcupheni yokudideka ngenxa yokuba khona kwezibani zokwenziwa noma izakhiwo zabantu ezishintsha izimpawu zemvelo zogu, njengokukhanya kwenyanga.
Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi yinye kuphela kweziyinkulungwane ezisanda kuzalwa ezizokhula zibe ngabantu abadala . Amahora ambalwa okuqala abalulekile: ziqondiswa ukukhanya okukhanya emanzini, izimfudu ezincane zigijimela emagagasini, ziqala uhambo oluyingozi oluya olwandle. Ngisho noma sezisolwandle, izilwane ezidla ezinye izilwane kanye nezinye izinselele zemvelo zinciphisa kakhulu amathuba azo okusinda.
Ukubaluleka kwemvelo kofudu lwe-leatherback akunakuphikwa. Ngokudla i-jellyfish ngokuyinhloko, balawula lezi zinhlobo futhi bavimbele ukungalingani okungathinta ezinye izinto eziphilayo zasolwandle, okuhlanganisa nezindawo zamakhorali. Ukufuduka kwazo isikhathi eside nakho kwenza kube lula ukusabalala kwezinhlobo kanye nezakhamzimba ebangeni elide, okwenza kube yizingxenye ezibalulekile zemvelo yasolwandle.
Izinsongo eziyinhloko ekuzalweni kofudu lwesikhumba
Ukuzalwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezimfudu ze-leatherback zibhekana nezinsongo ezinkulu, eziningi zazo umphumela wesenzo somuntu esiqondile noma esingaqondile. Phakathi kwezingozi eziphawuleka kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukungcoliswa kwepulasitikiImfucumfucu yepulasitiki emabhishi nasolwandle idala ingozi ebulalayo, njengoba izilwane ezincane zingayidla ngephutha noma zibhajwe kuyo.
- Ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala kanye nokuguqulwaUkuhlala emadolobheni ogwini, ukuguguleka kwamabhishi, nokuphazamiseka kwezindawo zokuzalela kwenza ukufinyelela nokuphepha kwesidleke kube nzima.
- Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu: Amazinga okushisa akhuphukayo angashintsha ubulili benzalo, njengoba kuncike ekushiseni kwe-incubation, futhi ukufudumala ngokweqile kuthanda ukubukeka kobulili obubodwa, okuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo kwalolu hlobo.
- Ukudoba ngengoziIzimfudu eziningi ezisencane nezindala zibanjwa amanetha nangezinye izinto zokudoba.
Esinye isici esikhathazayo ukuzingela amaqanda ezimfudu ze-leatherback ezindaweni ezithile, njengoba kubhekwa njengento emnandi noma enezakhiwo zokwelapha. Le mikhuba ibeka engcupheni ukuvuselelwa kwenani labantu unyaka nonyaka.
Ukubambisana nokuvikelwa kwezidleke
Ukuvikela izidleke nokuzisekela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kuwumsebenzi ohilela kokubili imiphakathi yendawo kanye nezinhlangano zemvelo. Emabhishi abalulekile okuzalela kuzo izidleke, njengasogwini lwaseMichoacán (eMexico) noma izindawo zase-Atlantic nasePacific, amakamu okulondoloza imvelo aqapha izidleke, ahambise amaqanda ezindaweni eziphephile lapho kudingeka, futhi ahlele imisebenzi yokukhipha amachamusela ukuze aqwashise mayelana nokuba ntekenteke kwalolu hlobo lwezilwane.
Kubalulekile ukuthi izivakashi nezakhamuzi zihloniphe imvelo , zilandele imiyalelo yezisebenzi zokuzithandela, futhi zigweme ukuphazamisa umjikelezo wemvelo ngomsindo, izibani, noma ukunyathela izindawo zokuhlala. Isamba sezenzo ezincane, njengokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki noma ukubeka izimpawu ezicacile ezindaweni zokuhlala, singenza umehluko omkhulu ekusaseni lofudu lwe-leatherback.
Le nqubo yokuzala iyinkomba yempilo yemvelo yogu lwethu nezilwandle. Ukusinda kwesizukulwane ngasinye esizayo kuncike kokubili ezinqubweni zemvelo nasekuzibophezeleni okuhlangene ekunakekeleni indawo ezungezile. Ukunakekela lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zasendulo kulingana nokulondoloza ingcebo yemvelo ezotholwa yizizukulwane ezizayo.
