IMexico isiphinde yazimisa njengenye yezindawo ezidumile emhlabeni ngezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Futhi ngesizathu esihle, njengethimba labacwaningi nabafundi bebhayoloji bathole ukuthi ikuphi. izinhlobo ezintathu ezintsha zama-salamander emahlathini akude amafu aseSierra Mazateca, e-Oaxaca. Lokhu kutholwa akuyona nje indaba yesayensi, kodwa kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi kungakanani okufanele sikufunde ngezilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini ezihlala ezindaweni okunzima ukuzifinyelela futhi ezinomswakama ophezulu.
Lezi zindaba zisakazeke njengomlilo wehlathi phakathi kochwepheshe, njengoba lezi zidalwa zohlobo lwe-Pseudoeurycea zibonisa izici zomzimba ezenza zasolwa ngokuthi ziyinto entsha ngokuphelele kwisayensi. Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokucophelela. ukuhlaziywa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nama-molecule Kwenziwe ochwepheshe abavela e-UNAM naseSedema, kuye kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi, empeleni, azibhaliswanga ezincwadini, okuphakamisa inani lalezi zilwane ezweni lama-Aztec laya emazingeni athatha umoya, okuhlanganisa lesi sifunda njengendawo eyingqayizivele yokuphepha emhlabeni.
Indawo yokufihla efihliwe enkungwini yase-Oaxacan
Umsebenzi wasensimini, onzima ngenxa yendawo enzima, ugxile eCerro Rabón, indawo lapho izitshalo ziminyene khona kangangokuthi kubonakala sengathi kukhona okuvela ebhayisikobho. Lapho, ososayensi bamangala ukuthola amasampula anezimo ezihlukile ezingafanelani nanoma yini ebonwe ngaphambili. Ngenxa yalokhu kutholwa, kwaziwa ukuthi isimo se- I-Oaxaca yisifunda esicebile kakhulu zalezi zilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini kulo lonke elaseMexico, zinezinhlobo ezingu-48 ezahlukene, iningi lazo ezitholakala kuleyo ndawo kuphela.
Ngalezi zinto ezintathu ezengeziwe, izwe manje linezinhlobo ezingu-163 zama-salamander, okungamele okungenani Ama-20% ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni yaleli qembu lezilwane. Kuyamangalisa ngempela, okubonisa ukuthi uma sinakekela lezi zindawo zemvelo, imvelo iyaqhubeka nokusilethela injabulo. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi akuzona zonke izindaba ezinhle, njengoba lezi zinhlobo zizwela kakhulu kunoma yiziphi izinguquko endaweni yazo.
Amagama anencazelo ekhethekile kakhulu
Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ngalokhu okutholiwe ukuthi amagama awakhethwanga ngokungahleliwe, kodwa kunalokho anesisindo esikhulu semizwa kanye nesenhlalo. Abacwaningi babefuna ukwenza i- inhlonipho kubantu ababalulekile zokulondolozwa kwemvelo kanye nobushoshovu eMexico. Isibonelo, I-Pseudoeurycea euguii Iqanjwe ngegama lokukhumbula u-Eugui Roy Martínez Pérez, umfundi osemusha webhayoloji owashona ngo-2020 futhi owayenentshisekelo ngalezi zidalwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola ukuthi I-Pseudoeurycea natsii, okusho ukuthi ngolimi lwesiMazatec "INdlovukazi Yemvula"Kuyisikhumbuzo esihle emiphakathini yendawo esebenza ngokungakhathali ukuvikela izindawo zayo zomphakathi nokuvikela ihlathi ekuxhashazweni. Okokugcina, I-Pseudoeurycea parraolae Ihlonipha uDkt. Gabriela Parra Olea, omsebenzi wakhe wokutadisha izilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini uwumsebenzi wangempela wothando oye waba yisisekelo sabanye abacwaningi abaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Izinselele zokusinda kanye nezokuvakasha ezizibophezele
Izingozi lezi zilwane ezibhekene nazo ziyesabeka ngempela. Ucwaningo olusanda kushicilelwa lukwenza kucace ukuthi ama-salamander aphakathi kwezilwane ezisengozini kakhulu emanzini nasemanzini. Izinsongo ezifana... ukusabalala kwesikhunta esibulalayoUkugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubeka lezi zinhlobo ezintsha esimweni esibucayi. Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu ehlela ukuvakashela le ndawo, kumele aqaphele kakhulu futhi alandele imithetho ngokuqinile ukuze agweme ukuphazamisa izilwane zasendle zasendaweni.
Uma unesifiso sokubona ama-salamander endaweni yawo yemvelo, iMexico inezindawo ezinhle kakhulu njenge-El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve eChiapas noma i-Izta-Popo National Park. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe batusa ukuqasha abaqondisi bendawo njalo. Ungathinti ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo ezilwaneni. Into ebaluleke kakhulu esiye siyikhohlwe ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlanza izicathulo zethu kahle ngaphambi nangemva kokuhamba ehlathini ukuze sigweme ukuthwala izifo singazi sisuka kwenye indawo siye kwenye.
Lokhu kutholakala eSierra Mazateca kuyingqophamlando eqokomisa isidingo sokuqhubeka nokutshala imali ku- ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye nokulondolozwa kwezindawo zemvelo. Iqiniso lokuthi sithole izinhlobo ezintathu ezintsha ekhulwini lama-21 lisitshela ukuthi kusenezimfihlo eziningi ezifihliwe ngaphansi kwenkungu yamahlathi aseMexico, nokuthi ukuvikela lezi zindawo zemvelo kubalulekile hhayi eMexico kuphela, kodwa nasekulondolozeni ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo zeplanethi yethu yonke.
