Umzamo wokushushumbisa izimfudu ezingu-774 nge-Tijuana International Airport ubangele impendulo yobugebengu nemvelo engakaze ibonwe, efana nomkhankaso wokulwa nokuthengiswa kwezimfudu eChiapas . Iziphathimandla zikahulumeni waseMexico ziqinisekisile ukuvulwa kophenyo ngamacala okulwa nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo ngemuva kokuba izimfudu zitholakale zigcwele kakhulu.
Ngokusho koMmeli Kahulumeni Wezokuvikelwa Kwemvelo ( Profepa ), lezi zilwane zatholakala endaweni yokuphatha amaphakethe ngoNovemba 12, zifihliwe emasokisini ngaphakathi kwamabhokisi epulasitiki futhi zasatshalaliswa emabhokisini ekhadibhodi ayisishiyagalolunye abhalwe ukuthi “izimonyo.” Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngokubambisana neNational Guard , eyathola ukungahambi kahle emaphaketheni, njengalapho kutholakale khona izimfudu ezingu-166 nezinyoni ezingu-10.
Ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kutholwe kanjani nokuthi bathole ini
Ukuhlolwa kwaqala lapho abasebenzi beNational Guard bebona ukungahambi kahle emaphaketheni ayisishiyagalolunye avela eSifundazweni saseMexico. Baqhubeka nokuhlola amaphakheji ngosizo lwabahloli beFederal Attorney for Environmental Protection (Profepa ). Ngaphakathi, bathole izitsha ezicacile ezihlanganisiwe ezinezimfudu ezingasebenzi emasokisini, umkhuba obonisa ukufihla nokuphathwa kabi , okufana nokubanjwa kwezimfudu ezingaphezu kuka-160.
Isibalo esisemthethweni siqinisekisile amasampula angu-774 , amane kuwo afile. Amanye abonise izimpawu zokucindezeleka ngenxa yokuthutha, nakuba kubonakala sengathi asesimweni esizinzile . Awekho amadokhumenti afakazele ukuthi izilwane zivelaphi ngokomthetho, okuqinisa umbono wokuthi ukuthunyelwa kuhlobene nokuhweba ngezilwane zasendle okungekho emthethweni , okuqhathaniswa namacala okushushumbisa eHong Kong.
Ngokusho kolwazi oluhlanganisiwe, lezi zimfudu zingezohlobo lwe -Kinosternon cora , i-Kinosternon acutum , i-Kinosternon cruentatum , i-Kinosternon integrum kanye ne -Kinosternon oaxacae ; okungenani ezintathu zazo zingaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile ku-NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenza leli cala libe libi kakhulu ngenxa yomthelela walo kubantu abasengozini , njengoba kuhlaziywe umthelela omkhulu wokushushumbiswa ngokungemthetho.
Uphenyo lokuqala luchaza ukuthi umthumeli noma umamukeli akekho oze ngaphambili ukuzofaka isicelo sokuthunyelwa, nokuthi ulwazi oluhlobene nelebula lokuthunyelwa lukhomba abantu baseShayina . Lokhu kuholele, okusaphenywa, kusikisela inethiwekhi engaba khona exhunywe ekushushumbisweni kwezilwane zasendle emhlabeni wonke , efana neminye imisebenzi eChiapas yokulwa nokushushumbiswa okungekho emthethweni.
Uhlaka lwezomthetho kanye nokuvulwa komzila wobugebengu
I-Profepa ibike ukuthi ifake isikhalazo eHhovisi Lommeli Jikelele (i-FGR) ngezenzo eziwela ngaphansi kwe-Article 420, izigaba I, IV, kanye no-V, ze- Federal Penal Code . Igunya lezemvelo lisebenza njengommangali kanye nommeleli wesisulu, izinyathelo ezisemthethweni ezibhalwe esikhalazweni esifakwe ngoNovemba 19, ngokuhambisana nezibonelo ezifana nokubanjwa kwezimfudu ezingu-18.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokuphatha ehambisanayo yavulwa yokukhipha, ukuthuthwa kanye nokuphathwa ngasese kwezinhlobo zasendle, okwenza ukuthi, ngokusho kwesigaba 3 soMthetho Kahulumeni Womthwalo Wemfanelo Wezemvelo , kungaba umonakalo wemvelo ngenxa yomphumela wazo ezingeni lokusinda kwalezi zinhlobo; amacala afanayo aholele ekusindisweni kwezimfudu ezingaphezu kuka-3,400 ezisebenza.
IHhovisi Lommeli Jikelele ligcizelela ukuthi ukuminyana okubonakalayo , ukuthuthwa okunganaki, kanye nokuntuleka kwamadokhumenti asemthethweni kuyizinto ezibonisa ingozi enkulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo . Lezi zici zifanelana nezimo zobugebengu ezivamile lapho kubhekene nezinhlobo ezivikelwe noma ezilawulwayo.
Njengesinyathelo sokuvikela ngokushesha, amasampula avikelwe adluliselwe ku- UMA (Wildlife Conservation Management Unit), lapho athola khona ukunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi azohlala evikelwe ngenkathi inqubo iqhubeka futhi indawo yawo yokugcina inqunywa ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo.
Umthelela wendawo kanye nesilinganiso sokushushumbiswa kwezilwane zasendle
Ngokusho kukaProfepa, umonakalo uqala ngokususwa kwezilwane endaweni yazo yokuhlala: ukubanjwa, ukuthuthwa ezimweni eziyingozi, kanye nokuthunyelwa kwezinto ngasese kwandisa ukufa futhi kuphazamise izilinganiso zemvelo zendawo . Izinhlobo eziningana ezihilelekile nazo zilawulwa yi- CITES , enezela ingxenye yokulawula yomhlaba wonke.
Ummeli Kahulumeni uMariana Boy Tamborrell ugcizelele ukuthi ukulwa nokushushumbiswa kwezilwane zasendle kuyinto eza kuqala ezikhungweni futhi wanxusa izakhamuzi ukuthi zibike noma yimuphi umsebenzi osolisayo. Ukubambisana komphakathi kubalulekile ekuqedeni amanethiwekhi okushushumbisa asebenza ngamaphasela ezentengiselwano namalebula mbumbulu njengalawo "okwenza izimonyo."
Leli cala lingaba nemiphumela yamazwe ngamazwe, uma kubhekwa ukubandakanyeka okungenzeka kwezakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe ezitholakale kudatha yokuthunyelwa kwempahla. Kodwa-ke, lolu chungechunge lophenyo lusesesigabeni salo sokuqala futhi luzoncika esinqumweni seHhovisi Lommeli Jikelele ngokusekelwe ebufakazini obuqoqiwe.
Okulandelayo: izibopho kanye nokubuyisela
Enkundleni yobugebengu, iHhovisi Lommeli Jikelele (i-FGR) lizoba nesibopho sokuqoqa ifayela lecala kanye nokusungula icala lobugebengu obumelene nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo. Okwamanje, uMmeli Kahulumeni Wezokuvikelwa Kwemvelo (i-Profepa) uzoqhubeka njengommangali futhi uzofuna ukulungiswa kanye nesinxephezelo ngomonakalo wemvelo, izinyathelo ezisukela emizamweni yokubuyisela kuya ezijezisweni zezimali kanye nezinye izibopho.
Iziphathimandla zikhumbuza umphakathi ukuthi ukuphatha nokuthutha izilwane zasendle ngaphandle kwezimvume akuvumelekile , ikakhulukazi uma kuhilela izinhlobo ezivikelwe. Lo msebenzi, ohlanganiswe yiNational Guard kanye neProfepa (Federal Attorney for Environmental Protection), uqinisa isidingo sokulawula ezindaweni ezibalulekile zokuthutha njengezindiza.
Icala laseTijuana libonisa indlela uhlelo olubonakala lulula ngayo—amasokisi, amabhokisi epulasitiki, kanye namalebula adukisayo—olungafihla ngayo inethiwekhi yokuhweba engekho emthethweni enomthelela omkhulu emvelweni. Ukungenelela okusheshayo kwavimbela umonakalo owengeziwe, yize izibonelo ezine zase zifile kakade ngesikhathi sokubanjwa.
Uphenyo kanye nokulandelela kokuphatha kusavulekile. Njengoba kunobufakazi obuningi, okulindelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuhlonza labo abahlele futhi baqhube ukuthunyelwa, ukuvala izikhala ekulandeleni, kanye nokuqinisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuvala imizila yokushushumbisa esebenzisa izinsizakalo zamaphasela ezentengiselwano.
Lo msebenzi uthumela umyalezo ocacile: uma ubhekene nokukhishwa ngasese kanye nokudluliselwa kwezinhlobo—kulokhu, izimfudu ezingu-774 zezinhlobo ezahlukene—, izikhungo zizosebenzisa zonke iziteshi zomthetho ezitholakalayo ukuvikela ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo futhi zishushise labo abanecala emkhakheni wobugebengu kanye nowokuphatha.
