Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubonakala futhi kuyiguqula ngokujulile imvelo yasolwandle, ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi kanye nemiphakathi ethembele kuzo.. Ukushintsha amazinga okushisa, ukwanda kwe-asidi, noshintsho ekukhanyeni okungaphansi kwamanzi kungezinye zezinto ezidala iqiniso elisha lolwandle nezilwandle.
Ngaphandle kwezihloko zezindaba, ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa lokho Imiphumela isivele ibonakala ogwini lwethu nasezindaweni ezikude zolwandleKusukela ekufikeni kwezinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane ezindaweni ebezihlala izinhlanzi zendabuko, kuya ekuncishisweni kwezindawo ezibalulekile zokuhlala, umthelela uhumusha ubungozi bezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukudoba kwendabuko, kanye nokuzinza kwezinhlelo zemvelo zasolwandle.
Ubumnyama bamanzi: ukukhanya okuncane, ukuncintisana okuningi
Ucwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe lukhombisile lokho Ukujula ukukhanya okungena kukho olwandle kwehle kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva njeLokhu kungenxa yokuncishiswa okukhulu kokukhanya okungaphansi kwamanzi, okutholwa amasathelayithi okubuka, okubangela Ungqimba olukhanyayo noma olunesithombe - lapho iningi lezilwane zasolwandle likhula khona - selinciphile ezindaweni ezinkulu zeplanethi..
Ezindaweni ezilingana nobukhulu bezwekazi lase-Afrika, ukukhanya manje kufinyelela ezingqimbeni ezingashoni kakhulu. ukunciphisa indawo yokuhlala etholakalayo yezinhlanzi nezinto eziphilayo ezincike ku-photosynthesis, njenge-phytoplankton. Lokhu kusho ukuthi Izilwane ezidinga ukukhanya ukuze ziphile ziphoqeleka ukuba zigxile ezindaweni eziphakeme zolwandle., lapho ukuncintisana ngokudla nendawo kwanda kakhulu, futhi ingozi yokudlwengulwa nayo inkulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo sobumnyama Kuhlobene nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokwanda kwe-phytoplankton, kanye nezinguquko ekuhambeni kolwandle. Isimo sibucayi ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezifana ne-Arctic, i-Antarctic, nolwandle oluthile oluvulekile, lapho izinga loshintsho livame ukudlula ububanzi obaziwayo ngaphambilini bokuhlukahluka kwemvelo.
Izinguquko ekusabalaliseni kwezinhlobo zezilwane: i-tropicalization kanye nokugudluzwa
Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi elimaphakathi ikhuthaze ukufika kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo de peces ezindaweni ezishisayo lapho emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule kwakungacabangeki ukuzitholaLeli yicala elibhalwe phansi eningizimu yeSpain, lapho Ososayensi baqophe ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezintsha okungenani ze-23 oLwandle i-Alboran naseStrait of Gibraltar.Le nqubo, eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-tropicalization," ibumba kabusha imiphakathi yasolwandle futhi ishintsha ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo.
Lezi zinguquko azenzeki kuphela eMedithera, kodwa nasezifundeni ezifana neNorth Sea kanye neBaltic Sea, lapho Kukhona ukwehla okucacile kwezinhlobo ezijwayele amanzi abandayo, njenge-cod, nokwanda kwalezo ezichuma emanzini afudumele, njengama-sea bass.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwethulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezingavamile, kuhlanganiswe nezici ezifana nengcindezi yokudoba kanye nokuhamba olwandle, kugcizelela ukuguqulwa kwemvelo.
ukufuduka de peces Ukugudluzwa kwezinhlobo zemvelo yizinhlobo zakwamanye amazwe kungaphazamisa ulwembu lokudla futhi kusongela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwendawo. Isibonelo, ukwanda kokuncintisana ngokudla kanye nemizila eguquliwe yokufuduka kungashiya ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zisesimweni esibucayi.
Ukubaluleka kwe-zooplankton kanye nochungechunge lokudla
Kulezi zinguquko eziqhubekayo, Indima ye-zooplankton ibaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambiliLezi zinambuzane ezincane, ngokuvamile ezingabonakali ngeso lenyama, Ziyinsika eyisisekelo yeketango lokudla kwasolwandle, izinhlanzi eziphakelayo, amakhorali nezilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo zasolwandle.Ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene lugqamisa ukuthi impilo nokuchichima kwe-zooplankton kunquma ukuzinza kwezindawo zokudoba nokukhiqiza olwandle.
Amathuluzi okuqapha nokuphatha: ukuqapha kanye nesayensi yokubambisana
Ukubhekana nalesi simo esishintshayo, Ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuqapha obusezingeni eliphezulu kubonakala kubalulekileIzibonelo ezinjengokufakwa kwama-oceanographic buoy e-Bay of Cádiz zivumela ukuqoqwa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela kumapharamitha abalulekile njengezinga lokushisa, umoya-mpilo, i-pH, namazinga e-chlorophyll. Le datha iwukhiye wokulindela izehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nokuphatha kangcono izindawo zokudoba nokongiwa kwendawo..
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisana phakathi kososayensi nabadobi ezinhlelweni zokumaka nge-elekthronikhi zezinhlobo ezifudukayo, njenge-bluefin tuna, kwenza kube nokwenzeka landelela amaphethini abo okufuduka futhi uhlaziye ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyishintsha kanjani indlela yokuziphatha nezindlela zaboLe ndlela, ehlanganisa isayensi nokubamba iqhaza kwezakhamuzi, yenza kube lula ukuphatha kahle izinsiza zokudoba.
Intuthuko ekutholeni idatha yezemvelo ezilinganisweni ezihlukene ivumela abaphathi, ososayensi kanye nomkhakha wezokudoba Yenza izinqumo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa lapho ubhekene nezingozi ezifana nokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nengcindezi ezinsizeni zasolwandle.
Imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu olwandle nezinhlanzi kakade isiyabonakala futhi iyaqhubeka nokujula. Ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala, ukuguqulwa kwamaketanga okudla, kanye nokufika kwezinhlobo ezintsha ezisongela imiphakathi yendabuko ezinye zezinselelo esibhekene nazo. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, ukusebenzisana kwesayensi, nokuvikelwa kwe-zooplankton kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe le mithelela futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuphathwa okusimeme okulondoloza ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo nemisebenzi yokudoba.