El ushaka wesando ibuyele obala ngemuva kochungechunge lophenyo lwakamuva nokubonwayo okusikhanyisela ngokuziphatha kokufuduka kwalokhu. izinhlobo zezifanekiselo kanye nesimo sayo esibucayi sokongiwa. Ososayensi bamqaphe ngeso lokhozi owesifazane okuthiwa Alicia, othathe uhambo olungakaze lubonwe edlula e- Pacific, kuyilapho abadobi baseYucatán bebhale izigcawu ezihlukile zokuphakela kwalo shaki oyinqaba.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe ubuchwepheshe Ucwaningo olujulile kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kusivumele ukuba siqonde kangcono impilo kashaka we-hammerhead, kuyilapho sivuselela inkulumo-mpikiswano ngesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuwuvikela ekuqothulweni. ukudoba nezinye izinsongo ezisongela ukuphila kwabo.
Ukulandelela kokufuduka kokuqala kukashaka we-hammerhead ozozala
Ithimba labacwaningi bamazwe ngamazwe, eliholwa ngabakwa Charles Darwin Foundation futhi isekelwa izinhlaka ezehlukene zesayensi, ikwazile ukuqapha owesifazane omdala we Sphyrna lewini, olunye lwezinhlobo zoshaka okuthiwa i-hammerhead osengozini yokushabalala. Umlingiswa oyinhloko, oqanjwe ngegama Alicia, yayimakwe ku Isiqhingi saseDarwin yeqoqo leziqhingi zaseGalapagos ngo-February 2023. I-satellite transmitter, efakwe ngokucophelela ukuze ingagcizeleli, yavumela ukuthi idatha iqoqwe njalo lapho isondela phezu kolwandle.
Okwenza lokhu kulandelela kuhluke ukuthi, phakathi nenkathi ebhekiwe, u-Alicia wenza a uhambo lwamakhilomitha angaba ngu-6.000, ukusuka eGalapagos ukuya ogwini lwe ePanama futhi kamuva emanzini omhlaba. Uhambo lwaluhlanganisa isitobhi esibalulekile Gulf of Chiriquí, eyaziwa njengendawo yokuzalanisa oshaka be-hammerhead, lapho ososayensi besola khona lokho wazala imidlwane ephakathi kuka-15 no-30Ngemuva kwalokhu kuhlala isikhashana, u-Alicia wathuthela entshonalanga, lapho ahlala khona kwaze kwaba yilapho ibhethri lakhe elidlulisayo liyashona ngoSepthemba, okuphawula ukuphela kokulandela umkhondo.
Lokhu kulandelana kumele ibanga elide kunawo wonke elirekhodiwe kuze kube manje lalolu hlobo lwezilwane, futhi lakha ubufakazi bokuqala besayensi bokuhamba kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuze babelethe, ulwazi olubalulekile lokuqonda umjikelezo wabo wokuphila.
Ucwaningo lugqamisa ukubaluleka kwalokhu kunyakaza kokuzalanisa nokongiwa koshaka be-hammerhead, ababhekana nezinsongo eziningi ezindaweni zabo zemvelo.
Uhlobo olubhukuda ngokumelene nesimanje: izinsongo nezinselele ezintsha
El ushaka ovamile we-hammerhead okwamanje esengozini enkulu, ngokusho kwe-International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. Inani labantu emhlabeni wonke lilinganiselwa ukuthi lehle ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-80 ezizukulwaneni ezintathu nje kuphela, ikakhulukazi ngenxa ukudoba ngokweqile, ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo ezisogwini kanye nesidingo esinamandla samaphiko azo ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe.
Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi, naphezu kokuba khona kwezinye izindawo ezivikelekile zasolwandle, abesifazane abaningi ngesikhathi sokubeletha zisabanjwa ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwabo isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, oshaka abasanda kuzalwa Baphinde bahlupheke ngenxa yengcindezi yokudoba ezindaweni ezizalela kuzo ezisogwini, okuvimbela ukutholakala kwalolu hlobo lwezilwane.
Elinye iqiniso elibalulekile elihlinzekwe wucwaningo ukuthi u-Alicia uchithe cishe ama-40% esikhathi sokulandelela amanzi ngamazwe, ngaphandle kwemingcele evikelwe yeGalapagos. Leli qiniso libonisa ukuthi ukubambisana kwesifunda kanye namazwe ngamazwe Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukudoba ngokungakhethi olwandle futhi uqinisekise ukuphila kwalezi zilwane.
Izigigaba Zasogwini: Ukubuka Izinyoni Nokuzingela e-Yucatan
Ngaphandle kwamaphrojekthi wesayensi, ushaka we-hammerhead muva nje ube umlingisi ophambili we- i-viral phenomenon ezinkundleni zokuxhumana sibonga ividiyo eqoshwe eduze kwaseRío Lagartos, empumalanga yeYucatán. Ekurekhodweni, abadobi bendawo bathwebula isikhathi lapho isifanekiso salolu hlobo sidla umsebe, ukuziphatha okungokwemvelo okugqamisa ikhono lokuzingela kashaka nokubaluleka kwawo kwezemvelo.
Ubukhulu obumangalisayo nekhono lokuzingela likashaka kudonse ukunaka komphakathi oku-inthanethi, okudale isasasa elivuselelwe esimeni sohlobo lwezilwane kanye nemvelo. NgokukaNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo Nezemvelo (Semarnat), ushaka wesando Ingafinyelela kumamitha amane ubude futhi ihlala olwandle olushisayo nolupholile emhlabeni wonke, nakuba ukucindezela komuntu kuyigcina njengomunye wezinhlobo zoshaka ezisengozini kakhulu.
Lezi zinhlobo zobufakazi, kokubili okuvela kososayensi nezakhamuzi, zigcizelela ulwazi olulinganiselwe esinalo mayelana nokuziphatha nokufuduka koshaka be-hammerhead, kodwa futhi nesidingo sokuthuthukisa ukuvikelwa kwezindawo zabo zokuhlala kanye nokulawula ukubanjwa kwabo ngengozi.
Intuthuko ekulandeleni nasekukhuliseni ukuqwashisa komphakathi kwembula imininingwane ebingaziwa ngaphambilini mayelana nalaba shaki abayizithonjana kanye nohambo lwabo olude. Izindaba ezifana nezika-Alicia kanye nezibonwa eYucatán zigqamisa ukubaluleka kwe-a isenzo esihlanganisiwe futhi uzinzile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-hammerhead shark iyaqhubeka nokuzulazula olwandle futhi igcine indima yayo ebalulekile ekulinganiseni olwandle.
