Ithimba labacwaningi e-Colombia lethule lokho elikucabangayo izinsalela zoshaka eziphelele kakhulu emhlabeni, ukutholakala okunikeza ifasitela elikhethekile lesikhathi esedlule sasolwandle saseCretaceous kanye nocwaningo lwe izinhlanzi zangaphambi komlando. Ivela I-Villa de Leyva (Boyacá) futhi igcina izingcezu ezingavamile ukusifinyelela kuleli qembu lezilwane.
Isifanekiso singeka I-Protolamna ricaurtei, isibonelo se inhlanzi enesigaxa futhi izungeze 6,65 amamitha ubude, usayizi oseduze nowama-lamniform amakhulu esimanje. Ngemva kwe-a ucwaningo lweminyaka engaphezu kweyisikhombisa eholwa yiColombian Geological Service kanye neNational University, imiphumela yayo ishicilelwe kujenali Ucwaningo lweCretaceous.
Okutholakele okukhethekile e-Boyaca
Indaba yesiqephu iqala ngo 1993, lapho umlimi U-Archimedes Moreno uthole izinsalela egqumeni laseLa Catalina, kumasipala waseVilla de Leyva. I-fossil yaqala ukudlula Ibhodi Lesenzo Somphakathi, yagcinwa ngo-2015 e- I-Saint Teresa ye-Avila Foundation futhi, usungenile 2018, wafika ebolekiwe eNational University of Colombia ezofunda.
Ekuqaleni, izazi ze-paleontologists zazibheka ukuthi kwakuyi-a i-plesiosaur, kodwa ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwama-vertebrae kwembula elinye iqiniso: kwakuyi-a i-lamniform shark kusukela ku-Early CretaceousLe ndawo ihambisana nolwandle olufudumele olwenzayo iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-100 ihlanganisa i-Cundiboyacense Plateau yamanje.
Ubude obulinganiselwe, cishe amamitha ayisikhombisa -kuncane kakhulu kune i-megalodon shark- kanye nokwakhiwa kwayo okuqinile kukhomba umhlaseli osebenzayo, noma kunjalo hhayi ikakhulukazi ngokushesha, eguqulelwe ukusizakala ngokudla okunosayizi omuhle kulawo manzi aseCretaceous.
Ukubaluleka kokutholakala akukona nje kuphela ngobukhulu bayo: ukulondolozwa kwezakhi ezihlala isikhathi eside koshaka kuyamangalisa. Kulezi zinhlanzi ezine-cartilaginous, uhlaka lwamathambo aluvamile ukumila kahle, ngakho-ke ukuthola izingxenye eziningi ezichazweyo kanye nezicubu ezithambile kuyinto engavamile.
Iminyaka eyisikhombisa yokufunda: lokho okwembulwa yizinsalela
Impahla igcina okungenani 107 ama-vertebrae acacisiwe, ngaphezu kwalokho amazinyo, amazinyo amaningi (izikali zikashaka) nezinsalela ze uqwanga, imisipha nesikhumbaKu-lamniform enkulu, leli zinga lobuqotho alikaze libe khona ngaphambili.
Ithimba lafaka isicelo i-microanalysis kanye namasu okulinganisa zezinto ezigciniwe, eziqinisekisa ubunjalo besampula kanye nesimo saso esiyingqayizivele. Ukulungiselela kwaba kancane futhi ngokucophelela, futhi isigaba ngasinye sanikeza imikhondo emisha mayelana nokwakheka kwayo nokulondolozwa kwayo.
Umsebenzi, oshicilelwe ku Ucwaningo lweCretaceous, yayiholwa abacwaningi abavela e I-Colombian Geological Service futhi i I-Universidad Nacional de Colombia, phakathi kwazo UMaria Eurydice Páramo-Fonseca y UCristian Benavides-Cabra, izinkomba ocwaningweni lwezilwane ezinomgogodla zase-Cretaceous.
Omunye wemiphumela egqama kakhulu ubuza umbono osabalele: ukuthi usayizi wamazinyo Kuma-macrophages oshaka kuhlotshaniswa ngqo ne usayizi womzimbaLesi sifanekiso siyabonisa amazinyo amancane ngosayizi wayo, okusimema ukuthi sibuyekeze ukuthi ubukhulu bezinhlobo zezilwane ezingasekho bulinganiselwa ngokusekelwe kuphela kumazinyo.
Ifosili okwamanje igcinwe yi- I-Saint Teresa ye-Avila Foundation, emnyuziyamu we Idolobha LikaNkulunkulu (Villa de Leyva)Inani layo lidlula ezifundweni: ngaphezu kokucebisa ulwazi ngokuvela koshaka, kuqinisa amagugu i-paleontology yesifunda kanye nokuqagela kwe-Boyacá njengendawo yesayensi nemvelo.
Ngalokhu kutholakala, iColombia iyazihlanganisa njenge insimu ebalulekile ye-paleontology zezilwane zasolwandle ezivela eCretaceous, isikhundla esiqiniswe ngokunye okutholakele endaweni ezungeze i-Villa de Leyva, lapho zivele khona. ama-ichthyosaurs, ama-plesiosaurs, nezimfudu zasolwandle ngokubaluleka okuphawulekayo.
Inhlanganisela yesifanekiso esikhulu, ukulondolozwa kwayo okumangalisayo kanye nokuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe okuphelele kusivumela ukuthi sibhale iphrofayili. I-Protolamna ricaurtei njengesilwane esizingelayo esiqinile amanzi ashisayo e-Cretaceous, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo siphinde sicabange ukuthi siyichaza kanjani i-morphology yamazinyo kurekhodi lezinsalela zoshaka.
