Ama-seahorse ahlale evusa umdlandla omkhulu, kodwa asivamile ukuma sicabange ngakho Hlobo luni lwezindawo zokukhosela abazidingayo ukuze baphile nokuthi izindawo zabo zokuhlala zishintsha kanjani ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu. Ezindaweni ezahlukene ogwini lwaseSpain, kusukela e- IsiGalician Rías Baixas Kusukela ogwini lwaseCatalan kuya eziqhingini zase-Atlantic, kuqaliswa amaphrojekthi okuqala ahlose ukubanikeza ikhaya eliphephile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, abuyisele imvelo yasolwandle eyonakele kakhulu.
Kulesi sihloko uzothola umbono ophelele walokhu izindawo zokukhosela amahhashi olwandleAmatshe okwenziwa abolayo emachwebeni, amalabhorethri angaphansi kwamanzi lapho kutshalwa khona utshani basolwandle, izindawo ezithakazelisa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamapaki kazwelonke, kanye nemikhankaso yokuzinikeza isivikelo esingokomthetho esikhulu. Konke lokhu kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe, kuhlanganisa umsebenzi wabacwaningi, izinhlangano zemvelo, kanye nezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezisebenza emgomweni ofanayo: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi eziyingqayizivele ziyaqhubeka nokuba nokuthile ezinamathela kukho ngemisila yazo ehlukile ye-prehensile.
Ichweba lezimboni eliba yisiphephelo: icala leVigo kanye nephrojekthi ye-HIPPO-REF
Kwenzeka inguquko encane, ethule ngaphansi kwamanzi ePort of Vigo. Emasontweni ambalwa nje selokhu kwafakwa ezinye izikebhe. amatshe okwenziwa abola Phambi kwesibukeli sangaphansi kwamanzi iPortocultura, ihhashi lasolwandle elibili lalolu hlobo I-Hippocampus guttulatus Bahlala “ezindlini ezintsha ezingaphansi kwamanzi.” Ukuthi lezi zilwane, ezifuna indawo yazo yokuhlala kakhulu, zithuthe ngokushesha kangaka kuyingqophamlando yephrojekthi yokuhlola ye-HIPPO-REF, eyasungulwa yiPort Authority of Vigo (APV) ngokubambisana neMarine Research Institute (IIM-CSIC).
Lezi zindawo zasolwandle zakhiwe ngokuningiliziwe ukuze ama-seahorse akwazi ukuzisebenzisa ngokugcwele: izindawo ezimagebhugebhu, izikhala kanye nokuvela lapho zingabamba khona imisila yazo, izindawo ezivikelekile emandleni emisinga, kanye nezikhala ezikhuthaza ezinye izinhlobo ukuba zihlale futhi zikhiqize ukudla. Lezi ezimbili ezisanda kutholakala zibonakala ziguquguquka ngokuphelele, zinamathele ezakhiweni ngemisila yazo ethambile futhi zisebenzisa izihibe njengezinsika zokusekela nokuvikela.
Yonke indlela ye-HIPPO-REF ifuna ukuphendula umbuzo owodwa obalulekile: Ingabe ingqalasizinda yechweba, evame ukuba nolaka, ingaba abalingani bezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle? Inhloso ye-APV icacile, ngamazwi kamongameli wayo, uCarlos Botana: ukukhombisa ukuthi imisebenzi yechweba kanye nokuvuselelwa kwesimiso semvelo akuhambisani, kodwa kungathuthuka ndawonye uma izixazululo ezisekelwe emvelweni zihlanganiswa emachwebeni, ema-pontoon nasema-dikes.
Isivinini amahashi asolwandle ahlala ngaso kulezi zakhiwo ezibolayo sidlula okulindelwe ekuqaleni futhi sinikeza idatha yesayensi ebalulekile. Abacwaningi e-IIM-CSIC benza ucwaningo. ukucwila okulandelwayo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlaziya indlela izilwane eziziphatha ngayo, ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo ezihlala ezitsheni zamatshe, nokuthi umphakathi wezinto eziphilayo ozungeze lezi zindawo zokukhosela ezenziwe ngokwenziwa ushintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ichweba laseVigo, elihlotshaniswa ngokwesiko nendawo yezimboni kanye nomsebenzi omkhulu wezohwebo, ngakho-ke liqala ukuzihlanganisa njenge isiphephelo sezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kufana namaphrojekthi afana ne- Ipaki elingaphansi kwamanzi laseLa CaletaEminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwabonakala amahashi asolwandle afinyelela ku-15 endaweni yechweba, into engacabangeki esikhathini esingeside esidlule, futhi ehlobene ngqo nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nokudalwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ezincane ezenzelwe ukubafanela.
Kusukela kumbono kuya ekusebenzeni: indlela lezi zindawo zokukhosela eziklanywe futhi zihlolwe ngayo
Iphrojekthi ye-HIPPO-REF ivula uhlobo lomzila onezigaba eziningi, osebenza njengesibonelo sokuqonda Indlela yokusetha indawo yokugcina amahhashi olwandle yesimanje endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi njengechweba. Isigaba sokuqala siqukethe ukutadisha ngokucophelela phansi kolwandle lwezindawo ezikhethiwe (njengesibukeli sangaphansi kwamanzi i-“Nautilus” ku-A Laxe noma i-Peiraos do Solpor eBouzas): uhlobo lwe-substrate, imisinga ebusayo, ukuba khona kwezakhiwo zangaphambilini, ikhwalithi yamanzi kanye nemiphakathi esivele isunguliwe.
Ngalolo lwazi esandleni, isimo nezinto ezisetshenziswayo zamatshe okwenziwa ziyaklanywa. E-Vigo, bakhethe izakhiwo ezibolayookuzogcina sekuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele nemvelo. Kuhlolwa amamodeli amabili ahlukene ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iyiphi esebenza kangcono njenge-"biodiversity magnet"—okungukuthi, eheha izinhlobo eziningi futhi enikeza izimo ezingcono zamahashi asolwandle ukuze azinamathele, ondle, futhi athole indawo yokukhosela emanzini.
Isigaba sesibili ukwakhiwa kwamakoloni ngokwemvelo. Uma izakhiwo sezifakiwe, azigcwali “izinto eziphilayo”, kodwa zishiywa zikhule ngokwemvelo. izilwane zasolwandle zizohlala kuzo kancane kancaneLe ndlela ivumela indawo yokukhosela ukuthi isebenze njengendawo yangempela yokuphila hhayi nje njengendawo yangemuva, njengoba ulwelwe, izilwane ezingenamgogodla, izinhlanzi ezincane nezinye izinto eziphilayo zihlala kancane kancane, kwakha inethiwekhi yobudlelwano bemvelo.
Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuqapha, kwenziwa ukucwila kwanyanga zonke ukuze kubhalwe phansi konke okwenzekayo eduze kwezindawo zokuphephela: ukuba khona kwamahashi olwandle, ukuziphatha, ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo, ukuvela komphakathi wezinhlobo ezihlobene, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yangaphandle. Lonke lolu lwazi luzohlaziywa ngokuningiliziwe ekupheleni kwesikhathi esihleliwe, kuze kube ngu-2026, ukuze kuhlolwe uma imodeli ingathunyelwa kwamanye amachweba nokuthi ingathuthukiswa kanjani.
Le ndlela isekelwa futhi ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini, njengephrojekthi ye-“NaturPorts”, lapho kwatholakala khona ukuthi izakhiwo ezithile zokwenziwa zingase zithathwe ngabantu abangaphezu kuka- 150 izinhlobo ezahlukeneLo mfanekiso wezinto eziphilayo udala "isimo esifanele" samahashi asolwandle: ukudla, izindawo zokucasha, izindawo zokuzalela kanye nezindawo zokubambelela, konke kuseduze nokufinyelela endaweni encane.
I-Rías Baixas neziqhingi zase-Atlantic: indawo yokuphephela engalindelekile yamahhashi asolwandle
Ngale kwamachweba, amanzi ase- URías Baixas Sebeyisiphephelo sangempela samahashi asolwandle enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Atlantic. I-IIM-CSIC kanye namanye amaqembu ocwaningo abhale phansi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-seahorse evamile (I-hippocampus ye-hippocampus) kanye nehhashi lasolwandle elibizwa ngokuthi ihhashi laseYurophu elinekhala elide (I-Hippocampus guttulatus), ibonwa ngempumulo yayo ende.
Zombili izinhlobo zibonakala zihlobene nezindawo zemvelo ezithile, njengezingadi zase- i-kelp, i-eelgrass kanye nezinye izitshalo zezimbali zasolwandlelapho zithola khona ukudla, indawo yokukhosela, kanye nezakhiwo ezinganamathela kuzo. Eqinisweni, ukusabalala kwazo kubhekwa njengesibonakaliso esihle sempilo yalezi zindawo zezitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuncika kuzenza zibe sengozini enkulu yokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala: uma amadlelo otshani basolwandle enyamalala, amahashi asolwandle ayanyamalala.
Ucwaningo olwenziwe esifundeni saseRías Baixas eGalicia luthole ukuthi ukuthola amahashi asolwandle endle akuwona umsebenzi olula. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu yomsebenzi onzima, kwaqoshwa ambalwa kuphela. cishe amasampula angamashumi amahlanu yehhashi lasolwandle elivamile, elikhomba inani elincane kakhulu nelihlukene. Noma kunjalo, amakoloni atholakale ezindaweni zokungena kwamanzi ezifana ne-Arousa, i-Pontevedra, ne-Vigo, okubonisa ukuthi amandla alezi zindawo njengesiphephelo asekhona.
IziQhingi zaseCíes, ngaphakathi kweMaritime-Terrestrial National Park yeziQhingi zase-Atlantic zaseGalicia, zivelele njengendawo ethakazelisa kakhulu ukulondolozwa kwamahashi asolwandle. Idwala laseBorrón, elibhekene nogu lolwandle oludumile lwaseRodas, lihlonzwe njenge iphuzu elibalulekile lokuvikela ihhashi lasolwandle Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo kanye nekhwalithi yolwandle lwayo. Lapho, nakwezinye izindawo zomfula iVigo, kuqoshwe izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zama-seahorse namanye amalungu omndeni wakwaSyngnathidae.
Ucwaningo oluholwa usosayensi uMiguel Planas kanye nethimba lakhe lugcizelele ukuthi, yize ihhashi lasolwandle elivamile litholakala e-United States. ukuhlehla okucacileAkunakushiwo ngokusobala ukuthi isengozini ngoba ayinayo idatha eyanele ngezinhlobo zayo zasendle. Lokhu kuntuleka kolwazi kwenza kube nzima ukuhlukaniswa kwayo okusemthethweni, kodwa akusona isizathu sokungenzi lutho: abacwaningi ngokwabo bagcizelela isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuqinisa izindawo zokuhlala ezinhle nokunciphisa imisebenzi efana nokudoba ezindaweni ezibalulekile, okuwumzamo owaphikiswa yizinhlangano ezithile zokudoba eToralla.
Ama-Syngnathid: umndeni othakazelisayo, ukuzala okuyingqayizivele, kanye nemikhuba emangalisayo
Ama-seahorse ayingxenye ye- umndeni wama-syngnathid, iqembu de peces Lezi zidalwa ezinde, ezinesimo sazo esingavamile, nazo zihlanganisa izinhlanzi ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-pipefish. Ividiyo ekhiqizwe ngumthwebuli wevidiyo ongaphansi kwamanzi uJosé Irisarri futhi elandiswa ngumcwaningi u-Andreu Blanco ikhombisa kahle ukuthi lezi zilwane zingavamile kangakanani nokuthi kungani zibhekwa njengezinto ezingavamile zemvelo.
Emanzini aseziQhingini zaseCíes, isibonelo, ukuziphatha kwenhlanzi ethwala ipayipi kuye kwabhalwa phansi (I-Syngnathus acus) izingela izilwane ezincane ezihlala emanzini ashisayo. Ngokunyakaza okukodwa kwempumulo yazo eyisicaba, esikhathini esingaphansi komzuzwana, iyakwazi ukufisa isisulu saso Ngenxa yesakhiwo somhlathi wazo, ohlangene futhi omise okwecilongo. Azihlafuni noma zilume, "zimunca" ukudla ngempumulo yazo ende, indlela ezihlanganyela ngayo namahashi asolwandle.
Izindlela zabo zokuzala ziphawuleka ngokulinganayo. Ama-syngnathid amaningi enza imikhuba yokuthandana ehlaba umxhwele: izinhlanzi ezimbili zibhukuda ndawonye ngokuvumelana, zikhuphuka futhi ziwele emanzini kuze kube yilapho kuvela ukudluliswa kwamaqanda. Into exakile kakhulu ukuthi kulo mndeni Okhulelwayo yindodaInsikazi ibekela amaqanda amaningi esikhwameni sokufukamela esiseceleni kwesisu senduna, esiwafaka umquba futhi siwavikele aze aqhamuke.
Endabeni yama-seahorse, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi i-clutch eyodwa ingafinyelela amaqanda angamakhulu amaningana, ngisho nezibalo eziseduze nangu-700Ngesikhathi sokufukamela, esingahlala phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-20 nezingama-30, ukushintshaniswa okuqhubekayo kwezakhamzimba kanye nezakhi kwenzeka esikhwameni sesisu, okuvumela imibungu ukuba ikhule ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Ekuthunjweni, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ziye zakwazi ukuqeda umjikelezo wazo wokuphila ogcwele, zafinyelela isikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu nesikhombisa.
Okubonwe esizalweni saseVigo kubonisa ukuthi amahashi asolwandle asebenza kakhulu phakathi kokushona kwelanga nokuphuma kwelangaZisebenzisa ithuba lokuhwalala ukuze zizingele. Ukuma kwazo kuhlukile kakhulu: zibhukuda ziqonde ngenxa yephiko lazo lasemhlane, kodwa lapho zidla zivame ukuzibeka ikhanda lazo libheke phansi. Nokho, emini, zikhetha ukuhlala zinganyakazi, zicashe phakathi kwe-algae noma amadlelo e-kelp ne-eelgrass, zihlangana nendawo ezizungezile ukuze zingabonwa.
Amakhono abo okuzifihla kanye nendlela yabo yokuphila yokungahlali ndawonye kusho ukuthi, ngisho nalapho bekhona, bangabantu kunzima ukukubona ngisho nakubantu abanolwazi lokuntywila emanziniLokhu kuziphatha okuyimfihlo, kuhlanganiswe nemiphakathi emincane, kuchaza ukuthi kungani kunzima kangaka ukuthola idatha eqinile ngobuningi bazo ezindaweni ezahlukene ogwini.
Ama-laboratories angaphansi kwamanzi kanye namadlelo otshani basolwandle: izindawo zokuhlala eziphilayo eMedithera
Amaphrojekthi abalulekile ayaqhubeka entshonalanga yeMedithera ukudala izindawo zokuphephela amahashi asolwandle nezinye izinhlobo eziwohlokayo. Isibonelo esihle yilesi Ilabhorethri engaphansi kwamanzi e-LlançàEnyakatho yeCap de Creus (eGirona), ekhuthazwa yinhlangano yeSubmon. Le ndawo yokuphatha olwandle, okuvunyelwene ngayo neGeneralitat kanye nomkhandlu wendawo, ihlanganisa cishe amamitha-skwele angu-48.000 futhi ihlanganiswe neNatura 2000 Network.
Kule ndawo, etholakala ngaphesheya kwamabhishi aseCanyelles nase-El Rastell, kwenziwa izinyathelo eziningana ezihambisanayo ezihlose ukubuyisela izindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekile. Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ihlanganisa ukutshala kabusha izixha ze-Posidonia oceanica zidwengulwe yiziphepho futhi ekugcineni zakhukhuleka ogwini. Lapho isiphepho sisuka ogwini simbozwe yizinqwaba zotshani basePosidonia obusaphila, izakhamuzi eziqeqeshwe ngaphambilini ziyahlela ukuziqoqa bese ziziyisa enhlanganweni yabadobi, lapho zigcinwa khona ezigubhini ezinamanzi anosawoti kuze kube yisikhathi sokutshala kabusha.
Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zalo msebenzi ziphawula izindawo ezingaphansi kwamanzi ezingaba amamitha-skwele amabili ezindaweni ezinotshani basolwandle obufile, okuyizindawo ezifanelekile zokuthi izithombo ezintsha zimile izimpande. Uma konke sekulungile, amaqembu okuntywila anamathisela amahlumela ePosidonia endaweni engaphansi komhlaba, enikeza ithuba lesibili isitshalo sasolwandle esibaluleke kakhulu eMedithera.
La oceanic posidonia Siyisitshalo esiqhakaza olwandle esitholakala kalula, okusho ukuthi asikho ndawo emhlabeni. Sakha amadlelo aminyene phansi kwesihlabathi kuze kufike kumamitha angaba ngu-40 ukujula futhi sisebenza njengephaphu langempela laseMedithera: siqinisa inhlabathi ngezimpande zaso, sinikeza indawo yokukhosela nokudla kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane (kufaka phakathi ama-seahorse nama-fan mussels), sikhipha umoya-mpilo, futhi sihlunga izinhlayiya ezilengayo, okuholela emanzini acwebile kanye nogu oluvikeleke kangcono ezivunguvungwini nasemagagasini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindawo zisebenza njengezindawo zokupaka. izinki zekhabhoni eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezibalulekilengoba zigcina inani elikhulu lekhabhoni ezicutshini zazo kanye nasenhlabathini ehlobene nazo. Ngakho-ke, ukubhujiswa kwazo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokubambelela esikebheni, ukwakhiwa kogu, noma ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lolwandle ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kudala inkinga ephindwe kabili: ukulahlekelwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni egciniwe. Akuyona into engaqondakali ukuthi iPosidonia ifakwe ohlwini lwezinhlobo zasendle ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile.
I-Submon isebenza futhi ku- ukulondolozwa kwembaza yomoya (Pina nobilisI-mollusk enkulu kunazo zonke eMedithera futhi ingenye yezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, engafinyelela imitha ubude. Le bivalve ihlala ngqo emadlelweni asePosidonia naseCymodocea nodosa, lapho isiza khona ukuhlela phansi kolwandle nokuhlunga amanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukubonakala kwe-parasite I-Haplosporidium pinnae Ngo-2016, yabangela ukufa kwabantu abaningi futhi yaholela ekutheni imenyezelwe njengesilwane esisengozini yokuqothulwa. Abaqoqi bayafakwa eLlançà ukuze bazame ukubamba izibungu zezimbaza, yize kuze kube manje impumelelo inciphile, ngakho-ke imizamo izoqhubeka emikhankasweni yesikhathi esizayo.
Izakhiwo ezithile njengesiphephelo sehhashi lolwandle
Ngaphakathi kwaleli labhorethri elingaphansi kwamanzi eCosta Brava, iSubmon iklame iphrojekthi ethile ye- Amahashi asolwandle aseMeditheraLe phrojekthi igxile ekudaleni izakhiwo ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ezingasebenza njengezindawo zokukhosela ezindaweni ezingenazo izidleke zotshani basePosidonia. Nakuba imali yokuxhasa okwamanje ingekho ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele, umqondo uwukufaka izinto ezandisa ubunzima bolwandle, kwakhiwe izindawo zokukhosela kanye nezindawo zokucasha ukuze kudonswe amahashi olwandle.
Abaphathi bephrojekthi baveza ukuthi, nakuba kungelula ukubona amahashi asolwandle ngamehlo enyama, Yebo, kukhona ubukhona endaweni.Lokhu kufakazela ngokugcwele lesi sinyathelo. Lezi zinhlanzi zidinga izindawo ezingajulile ezinolwelwe oluningi kanye nezakhiwo lapho zingakwazi ukuzibamba khona ziqonde phezulu. Ezindaweni eziwohlokile noma ezibushelelezi kakhulu, ukwethulwa kwezindawo zokukhosela ezenziwe kahle kungenza umehluko phakathi kokusinda noma ukunyamalala kwabantu.
Ama-Seahorses ayingxenye yohlu Hippocampus futhi ezinye ziyaziwa Izinhlobo ezingu-50 ezahlukene emhlabeni jikeleleZinezici ezihlukile kakhulu: umzimba ombozwe ngamasongo amathambo azenza ziqine, ukuma ziqonde emanzini ngenxa yephiko langemuva, ukungabikho kwamazinyo nesisu (zigwinya ukudla konke ngempumulo yazo) kanye nokuziphatha okuhlukile kokuzala lapho owesilisa ethwala khona amaqanda esikhwameni sakhe samabele.
Ezindaweni zaseMedithera nasezindaweni eziseduze zase-Atlantic, zivame ukutholakala ekujuleni okungajulile, amanzi afudumele, ane-algae eningi kanye nezitshalo zasolwandleZiyizilwane ezidla ezinye izilwane ezidla izinhlanzi ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-crustacean kanye nezibungu, ezizimunca ngamakhala azo. Ubukhulu bazo bungahluka kusukela kumamilimitha angu-15 kohlobo oluncane kuya kumasentimitha angu-30 kolukhulu.
Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-hippocampi ukuthi ngokuvamile zibonisa ukuziphatha. indoda eyodwaZakha ama-pair aqinile aqaphelanayo futhi enza amasiko okubingelelana nsuku zonke. Insikazi ifaka amaqanda aphakathi kuka-100 no-1.500 (kuye ngohlobo nobukhulu) esikhwameni seduna, esithwala kuze kube yilapho sichanyuselwa, sizale ama-miniature amancane aphelele aphelele amadala.
Inkinga ethule yehhashi lasolwandle kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zalo zokukhosela
Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu kuceba kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nemizamo eyenziwayo yokuzivikela, amahashi asolwandle abhekene ne- inkinga yokusinda ekhathazayoEmhlabeni jikelele, izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-47 zamahashi asolwandle ziye zachazwa, futhi eziningana zazo zingatholakala ogwini lwaseSpain, njengehashi lasolwandle lase-Afrika (I-Hippocampus algiricus) kanye nehhashi lasolwandle elivamile (I-hippocampus ye-hippocampus) eziQhingini zaseCanary, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezikhona ePeninsula.
Lezi zinhlanzi ziyizibhukudi ezingahlelekile, zinekhono elincane lokunyakaza futhi zithembele kakhulu kuzo ukungakhukhulwa yimisinga"Isikhali" sabo kuphela ngokumelene namagagasi kanye nokunyakaza kwamanzi umsila wabo oqinile, obenza bakwazi ukunamathela ngokuqinile eziqwini zezitshalo zasolwandle, amagatsha e-algae noma izakhiwo zokwenziwa njengezintambo, amanetha noma amatshe emvelo.
Inkinga enkulu ukuthi indawo abahlala kuyo iyanyamalala ngesivinini esikhulu. Amadlelo otshani basolwandle ase- I-Posidonia oceanica kanye ne-Zostera marinaIzindawo zokuhlala ezibanika indawo yokukhosela nokudla ziyancipha futhi ziyahlukana ngenxa yokungcola, ukuminyana kwezikebhe okungalawulwa, ukwakhiwa kogu, kanye namanzi afudumele. Ezindaweni eziningi lapho zazivame khona, namuhla kusele ezimbalwa kuphela ezihlakazekile, ezivame ukunamathela ezingcoleni zezitshalo ezimweni ezingezinhle kangako.
Kulesi simo, izinhlangano eziningana zemvelo kanye namanethiwekhi okuzithandela aseqalile ukufuna ukuthi amahashi asolwandle afakwe ngokucacile ku- Ikhathalogi yeSpanishi Yezilwane Ezisengoziningesigaba esiqinisekisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuvikela zona kanye nezindawo zazo zokuhlala. Umqondo ulula: uma ihhashi lasolwandle livikelwe ngokomthetho, amadlelo otshani basolwandle kanye nezinye izindawo zokukhosela ezibalulekile nazo zivikelwe kakhulu.
Ezinye izinhlelo, njengalezo ezikhuthazwa yi-Marine Watchers Network kanye nezinhlangano ezifana ne-Terramare Mediambiente, zigxile ngqo ekuhlanganiseni ukubamba iqhaza kwezakhamuzi, isayensi kanye nengcindezi yomphakathi Ukuze bafinyelele lokho kuvikeleka, baqala ngomqondo wokuthi, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ekuphathweni kogu kanye nokubandakanyeka okuqinile okuvela kubaphathi, ngisho namaphrojekthi amahle kakhulu ezindawo zokukhosela zokwenziwa noma ukuvuselelwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ngeke aphumelele.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, emphakathini wesayensi kukhona ukugcizelela okwandayo esidingweni sokuthi thola ulwazi oluningi ngezinhlobo zasendle amahashi asolwandle kanye nabanye izinhlobo zasolwandle eSpainNjengamanje, ulwazi luncane kakhulu, okuvimbela ukuhlolwa okuqinile kwesimo sazo sokulondolozwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinqumo zokuphatha ezinembile. Amaphrojekthi afana neHippodec, akhuthaza imihlangano yokuxilonga isimo samahashi asolwandle ogwini lonke lwaseSpain futhi athole izindawo ezibalulekile, ahloselwe ngqo ukugcwalisa lesi sikhala.
Okuhlangenwe nakho okuqoqwe eVigo, eCíes Islands, eCosta Brava, naseziQhingini zaseCanary kubonisa ukuthi, lapho Izinga lamanzi liyathuthuka, amadlelo ayabuyiselwa, futhi kufakwa izindawo zokukhosela ezifanele.Ama-seahorse ayasabela futhi aphinde avele ezindaweni lapho engabonwanga khona isikhathi eside. Le mpendulo enhle iphakamisa ukuthi sisenesikhathi sokumisa ukwehla uma umzamo uqhubeka futhi lezi zinyathelo zinwetshwa ezindaweni eziningi.
Konke esikubonile kulo lonke umbhalo kukhomba ohlangothini olufanayo: ama-seahorse adinga izindawo eziphephile, izindawo zokuhlala ezigcinwe kahle, kanye nezakhiwo ezibavumela ukuthi bazinze ukumelana nemisinga kanye nezinguquko ezisheshayo. Kusukela ezitsheni ezibolayo ze-HIPPO-REF ePort of Vigo kuya elabhorethri engaphansi kwamanzi yaseLlançà kanye nemikhankaso yokuqinisa ukuvikelwa kwazo ngokomthetho, kuqhutshwa inethiwekhi yezinhlelo ezibonisa ukuthi enye indlela yokuhlobana nolwandle ingenzeka, indlela amachweba, amadlelo otshani basolwandle kanye namapaki kazwelonke asebenza ngayo njengabangane balezi zinhlanzi ezibuthakathaka njengoba ziwuphawu.
