I-Amazon River Basin Igqama njengenkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ihlanganisa izindawo ezifika emazweni ayisishiyagalombili futhi cishe Amakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-7,8Lesi sifunda siyikhaya lokunye kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zebhayoloji namasiko emhlabeni, edlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni isimo sezulu kanye nokugcina imijikelezo yemvelo.
Nokho, I-Biodiversity kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezenhlalo nemvelo okukhona e-Amazon kusengozini. Izinto ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, imililo, izimayini kanye nokwandiswa kwengqalasizinda kubangela ukwanda kwezingozi ezinkulu ubuqotho bezinhlelo zayo zemvelo kanye nempilo yemiphakathi ehlala kuyo.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwamazwe ngamazwe, ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-Royal Botanical Garden (RJB) ye-CSIC, isikhanyisele ngokubaluleka izindawo zabomdabu kanye nezindawo ezivikelwe ekulondolozeni ukuxhumana kwemvelo e-Amazon Basin. Umsebenzi, oshicilelwe kujenali i-PNAS, uhlaziya ukuthi lezi zindawo zineqhaza kanjani ekugcineni ukugeleza kwemvelo okudingekayo ukuze kuphile izinhlobo zezilwane nokusebenza kwezinqubo zemvelo.
Umcwaningi uJesús Muñoz, wakwa-CSIC, uyachaza lokho Imisebenzi yabantu isiqalile ukuphazamisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-ecosystem ye-AmazonianLokhu kuba nomthelela omubi empilweni yezinhlelo zemvelo, kukhinyabeze ukuhamba kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ezibalulekile njengokuhlakazeka kwembewu, ukufuduka kwezinhlobo zezilwane, nokugeleza kwamanzi nemisoco.
Inzwa ekude, ukhiye ekuhlaziyeni usongo
Ngo Idatha yenzwa yesilawuli kude etholwe yi-Amazonian Georeferenced Socio-Environmental Information Network (RAISG) Phakathi kuka-2016 no-2023, ithimba labacwaningi lenze imephu yezinga lokuxhumana ezinhlotsheni ezine ezinkulu ze-ecosystem ye-Amazonian: amahlathi e-terra firme, amahlathi agcwele izikhukhula, imifula, namahlathi ashisayo ase-Andean. Ukuze benze kanjalo, bahlaziye imithelela ye imisebenzi eyisithupha yabantu: ukwakhiwa kwamadamu, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, imililo, izimayini ezisemthethweni nezingekho emthethweni, ukuchithwa kwe-hydrocarbon nemigwaqo, kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezindawo zomdabu noma ezivikelekile.
Imiphumela icacile: Phakathi kuka-23% no-28% wendawo yalezi zinhlelo zemvelo sezivele zibonisa umkhondo wokungenani owodwa wale misebenzi.. Uma izinga lokuvikela lihlaziywa, ingxenye yendawo ethintekile izindawo zomdabu nezivikelekile ziphakathi kuka-14% no-16%, ngenkathi usezindaweni ezingenaso lesi sibalo sokuvikela umthelela ufinyelela ku 38%.
Esinye seziphetho ezifanele kakhulu yileso Ezindaweni zabomdabu nasezindaweni ezivikelekile, ukuxhumana kwemvelo kukhulu ngokusobala ngaphandle kwabo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi lezi zindawo zingavikela kangcono izinsongo zangaphandle, zenze i-ecosystem yazo ikwazi ukumelana nezinguquko ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Inani lesu lemiphakathi yendabuko
Umsebenzi we-CSIC kanye nomphakathi wesayensi wamazwe ngamazwe uyagcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqinisa ukubuswa kwemiphakathi yendabuko uqoboNgokusho kwababhali, ukuqinisa ubuholi kanye nokuzimela ekuphathweni kwalezi zindawo, kanye nokugqugquzela amaphrojekthi entuthuko esimeme, kubalulekile ukuze londoloza ukuxhumana kanye nempilo yemvelo ye-Amazon.
Ucwaningo luphinde luveze isidingo salokho sebenzisa izinhlelo ezisimeme eziqinisekisa ukuphila kwemiphakathi futhi zinciphise ingcindezi kuma-ecosystem. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokugcina ingcebo yemvelo, kodwa futhi nefa lamasiko nelomuntu elichaza isifunda sase-Amazon.
Kuyabonakala ukuthi ukuvikelwa kwalezi zindawo kanye nokuqashelwa kwamalungelo endabuko Zingamasu ayisisekelo okubhekana nezinselele zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo zemvelo e-Amazon.