Namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho Inhlanzi yesicabucabu. Leli igama elijwayelekile enalo futhi elomndeni wakwaTrachinidae. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Trachinus draco futhi njengaye Inhlanzi yebhubesi, inhlanzi zamatshe y Inhlanzi yeScorpion Unobuthi. Kuyaziwa ngokubangela izingozi kubantu emabhishi angashoni kakhulu.
Kule post sizokhuluma nge izici nendlela yokuphila wenhlanzi yesicabucabu. Sizophinde sixoxe ngendlela yokwelapha udosi oluvela kule nhlanzi enobuthi. Ingabe ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngale nhlanzi?
Izici eziyinhloko
Le nhlanzi ibonakala ngokuyinhloko ngokuziphatha kwayo esilwaneni sayo. Ukuze bamangale, licasha ngaphansi kwesihlabathi futhi lingabonakali. Ingcwatshwa kusale ngaphandle amehlo nengxenye yekhandaLokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa ngeso lenyama.
Ngokuvamile, iyinhlanzi ehlala phansi futhi ihlala emanzini afihliwe kuze kube ngamamitha angu-50 ukujula. Ingatholakala futhi ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-100, nakuba kuvame kakhulu emanzini angasogwini angashoni anenhlabathi enesihlabathi noma enodaka. Izibonelo zingatholakala ezinosayizi ukuthi Zisukela ku-15 kuya ku-45 amasentimitha ubudeNgokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo neminyaka yobudala, ubukhulu bungase buhluke.
Ngokubukeka, inomzimba obude, ocindezelwe. Umlomo wayo mkhulu, nekhanda layo. Itshekela phezulu kancane ukuze ikwazi ukubuka inyamazane ngenkathi icashe esihlabathini. Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane emhlabeni wonke, i-morphology ikhula ukuze ivumelane kangcono nendawo yazo. Lokhu kuphenduka kwekhanda kuyivumela ukuthi ibone isendaweni yayo yokukhosela ngaphansi kwesihlabathi futhi uhlasele ngokushesha.
I-dorsal fin yayo yokuqala ifushane futhi yilapho itholakala khona i-poisonous spines (imvamisa imisebe engu-5-7). Futhi, Inomgogodla onobuthi onqenqemeni lwe-operculumI-dorsal fin yesibili yinde futhi yenziwe imisebe ethambile, engenabuthi ewusiza ekubhukudeni. Lezi zakhiwo ziyisihluthulelo sokuzivikela kwayo, njenge-spiderfish Ibathuntuthe uma izizwa isongelwa.
Ngenxa yale migogodla, iyakwazi ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezizingelayo zemvelo. Amathuba amaningi okuthi ahlaselwe lapho ebhukuda, njengoba kungenjalo achitha isikhathi sawo ecashe esihlabathini. Uma kuphazamiseka, bayophakamisa umgogodla wabo njengesexwayiso, nangokunyakaziswa kwekhanda kungazelelwe, bangakwazi ukushayela imigogodla yabo ngamandla anele ukubhoboza ngezinto ezimelana nazo.
Umbala, ukudla nendawo yokuhlala
Umbala wayo uluhlaza okotshani namabala amnyama ekhanda kanti eminye imigqa ephuzi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinhlangothini. Le nhlanzi inombala ofihlekileLona umbala zonke izilwane ezinekhono lokuzifihla ezinawo. Ukuhlangana kwamathunzi aluhlaza, amachashazi amnyama, aphuzi, naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuwavumela ukuthi angabonakali phakathi nolwandle. Lokhu kubanika inzuzo enkulu phezu kwezitha zabo.
Manje ake sikhulume ngokudla kwayo. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-spiderfish yizinhlanzi ezincane ezitholakala olwandle. Iphinde idle ama-crustaceans nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla.Ukuze izingele inyamazane yayo, izimbela esihlabathini, ishiya amehlo ayo obala. Iyakwazi ukubona inyamazane yayo ngokunembe kakhulu ngenxa yekhanda layo elibheke phezulu. Inesineke esikhulu ukulinda isikhathi esifanele sokuhlasela esinye isilwane.
Nakuba echitha isikhathi esiningi engcwatshwa, Ebusuku iqala ukusebenza futhi ingabhukuda ngokukhululeka., ngisho nokuzulazula ezindaweni ezihlala ulwandle ifuna ukudla. Lokhu kuziphatha kuchaza ukuthi kungani kwesinye isikhathi kubonwa ngaphandle kwe-substrate.
Indawo yayo yokusatshalaliswa isukela emanzini aseMedithera kuya e-Atlantic. Indawo yokuhlala itholakala kulezo zindawo lapho okugcwele isihlabathi nodaka.Azitholakali kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwandle, njengoba zingakwazi ukucasha ukuze zizingele. Zivame ukutholakala eduze kolwandle ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-50. Nokho, ehlobo, zingabonakala kaningi emabhishi angashoni naseduze nogu. Lokhu kubangela izinkinga ezithile kwabagezayo.
Ngenxa yokuthi isihlabathi sasogwini silingisa ulwandle lapho ngokuvamile zizingela khona, zimba ngaphansi kwesihlabathi ukuze zilinde inyamazane. Lapho abantu bebhukuda noma begwedla eduze nosebe ogwini olungajulile, bahlaselwa yilezi zinhlanzi. Ukulunywa kunobuthi impela. njengoba kuchaziwe ngezansi.
Ukuhlonza, izinhlobo kanye nokwehluka ngezinhlanzi ezifanayo
Izinhlobo zezinhlobo I-Trachinus Zingamalungu omndeni we-Trachinidae futhi zaziwa ngemigogodla yazo enobuthi. Ziyizinhlanzi ezincane ukuya kweziphakathi ezinomzimba omude futhi ocindezelwe eceleni, nge i-peduncle emfushane ye-caudal kanye namehlo aphakeme, okwenza ngcono ukubona kwawo lapho engcwatshwa kancane.
Banezimpiko ezimbili ze-dorsal: isiqephu sokuqala esinameva anobuthi y ingemuva lesibili elide elinemisebe ethambileAmaphiko e-pelvic atholakala ngaphambi kwe-pectoral fins, isici esiwusizo sokuhlonza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Banomgogodla onobuthi ku-operculum; ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene lubonisa ukuthi le migqa yangemuva ingase isebenze ikakhulukazi.
Hay izinhlobo eziningana ezichazwe ohlotsheni, emi ngaphandle emanzini aseduze:
- I-Trachinus draco (i-spiderfish evamile)
- I-Trachinus araneus
- I-Trachinus radiatus
- I-Trachinus vipera (isicabucabu)
Asakazwa kabanzi kulo lonke leli I-Eastern Atlantic, the ULwandle iMedithera, the Ulwandle lweCantabrian kanye nezindawo ze- ULwandle Olumnyama, futhi ekhona ogwini olusenyakatho ye-Afrika. Bathola amagama amaningi ajwayelekile kuye ngesifunda: isicabucabu esimhlophe, isicabucabu se-rock, i-viper fish, i-pout yasendle, i-scorpion noma i-salvage fish, phakathi kwabanye.
Kunconywa ukuthi ungabaphambanisi nezinhlobo zomndeni Uranoscopidae (amabhilidi), ane inhloko enkulu, eyisicaba, umlomo omile kanye nomgogodla onobuthi otholakala ngemuva kwe-operculum (E-Trachinidae, umgogodla utholakala ngaphezu kwe-operculum.) Ukuqaphela lo mehluko kusiza ukugwema amaphutha lapho uwakhomba ogwini.
Ukuzala kanye nobungozi bezinhlanzi zesicabucabu
Ngoba iyindawo kakhulu, ngezikhathi zokukhwelana iba nolaka kakhuluKubikwe izigameko eziningi zokuhlaselwa kwababhukudi nabatshuzi ngaphandle kwesizathu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bakholelwa ukuthi bazohlasela indawo yokuzalela noma yokukhwelana.
Izinyanga ezizala ngazo kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti. Ngakho-ke, kuqondana nesikhathi lapho kuba khona abagezi nabatshuzi abaningi.
Nakuba le nhlanzi ivela olwandle oluvulekile futhi ijwayeleke kakhulu emanzini afudumele, iyabathinta ukushisa kakhulu komhlabaUkufudumala kwembulunga yonke kwenyusa izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lamanzi olwandle. Ngenxa yalokho, lolu hlobo lwezilwane luyasuswa lubheke ogwini. Kunemibiko eyandayo yokuhlaselwa kanye nokulunywa okunobuthi yi-spiderfish kubabhukudi.
Ngokuvamile, udosi lwenzeka lapho ababhukudi benyathela khona bengazi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-spiderfish ingase ingcwatshwe ngaphansi, futhi singase siyinyathele singaqondile. Ukulimala okuningi kwenzeka kubabhukudi abangaqaphile noma abadobi abalokotha bakhiphe i-spiderfish emanzini. Ngisho noma i-spiderfish isifile, imigogodla yayo ingaqhubeka nokujova ubuthi isikhathi esithile..
Ukuvimbela ogwini nangesikhathi sokudoba
Isu elingcono kakhulu lokulwa ne-spider fish ukuvimbela ezindaweni zokugeza nalapho ubamba izinto ezibanjiwe ngephutha:
- Gqoka izicathulo zamanzi (amabhuzu) emabhishi esihlabathi esihle nasezindaweni zokuntweza.
- Shova ukuhamba eduze nogu ukuze ukudlidliza kuzokwethusa uma kungcwatshwa.
- Gwema izindawo eziyisihlabathi ezingashoni phakathi namagagasi aphansi futhi phakathi namahora okukhanya okukhulu kwelanga, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi lihlale licishe lingcwatshwe eduze nogu.
- Ungalokothi ubeke izandla zakho esihlabathini ngaphandle kokubonakala ezindaweni lapho ukulunywa kuqoshwe khona.
- Uma zibanjwe amanetha noma izinduku, isibambo esinama-tweezers noma ama-pliers aqaqa; ungalokothi ngezandla ezingenalutho futhi gwema ukucindezela i-dorsal yokuqala ne-operculum.
- Xhumana nabaqaphi ezindaweni ezinobukhona njalo futhi balandele izimpawu zabo.
Wenzani ubuthi?
Ubuthi bale nhlanzi Inomsuka we-glycoprotein futhi iyi-vasoconstrictor. Ayikho ikhambi elithile ekusebenzeni komtholampilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ze-hemolytic ne-neurotoxic, ngomphumela wendawo obuhlungu kakhulu futhi okungenzeka kubangele izimpawu zesistimu. Lobu buthi i-thermolabile (eyenziwe ukushisa) cishe ku-50-60 ºC, okuyingxenye yokwelashwa kokuqala.
Phakathi komonakalo engase iwubangele ubuhlungu lapho elunywa khona, imfiva, ukuhlanza, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuquleka kwezinye izimo, nokusabela kwesikhumba njengokuvuvukala nokubabomvu. I-Vasoconstriction ingabangela ukuphaphatheka kanye ne-edema eqhubekayo ukusuka endaweni yokujova. Ezimweni ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, i-necrosis yezicubu kungenzeka. Ingozi yokuqala, uma ukuhlaba kwenzeka ngaphansi kwamanzi, kuyinto ukuminza ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokudideka.
Ukulunywa kubonakala ngobuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu obungakwazi qhubeka amahora ama-2 kuye kwangama-24 (ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu), futhi kungase kuhambisane nesiyezi, ukujuluka, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo ezimeni ezinzima. Abantu abane-allergies noma izimo ezikhona ngaphambili bangase bahlakulele ukusabela okunamandla, okuhlanganisa i-anaphylaxis, Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kuyanconywa kuzo zonke izimo.
Uma sihlatshwe inhlanzi yesicabucabu, into esemqoka okufanele siyenze ukwenza ngokushesha nangendlela ehlelekile:
- phuma emanzini futhi uzibeke endaweni ephephile ukuze ugweme ukuthintana futhi nengozi yokuminza.
- Geza ngobumnene isilonda ngamanzi olwandle noma ngesisombululo saline. (gwema amanzi ahlanzekile ekuqaleni uma kungenzeka, njengoba kungakhuthaza ukukhululwa kobuthi ngesenzo se-osmotic).
- Susa ameva abonakalayo ngama-tweezers ahlanzekile, ngaphandle kokucindezela inxeba noma ukuzama ukulikhama. Uma zingabonakali, kungcono ukuthi zisuswe abasebenzi bezokwelapha zisebenzisa izinto ezifanele.
- Faka ukushisa: cwilisa indawo emanzini ashisayo 40-45 ºC (noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elibekezelelekayo ngaphandle kokushiswa kwesikhumba) ngesikhathi 30-90 imizuzu, evuselela amanzi uma ephola. Ukushisa kusiza ukukhipha ubuthi futhi kunciphisa ubuhlungu.
- Ukulawula ubuhlungu: Ama-analgesics ajwayelekile (isb., i-paracetamol noma ibuprofen) angasetshenziswa uma kungekho ukuphikisana. Ezilungiselelweni zezokwelapha, ama-analgesics anamandla noma ama-anesthetics asendaweni angasetshenziswa.
- Gada ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuqina (ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula, isiyezi esinzima, ukuhlanza okungapheli, umkhuhlane, i-edema esabalele, i-pallor ephawulekayo noma i-cyanosis). Kulezi zimo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Isheke lezokwelapha: : kuhle ukuba nochwepheshe abahlanzekile ngokujulile, bahlole isidingo ama-antibiotics ezimeni zobungozi, futhi ubuyekeze i ukugonywa kwe-tetanus uma kufaneleka. Isilonda akufanele sithungwe njalo.
Lapho silunywe yinhlanzi yesicabucabu, into esemqoka okumele siyenze yile:
- Hlanza futhi ubulale amagciwane enxebeni (okungcono kunengxube ye-saline noma amanzi olwandle; gwema ukungqubuzana ngokweqile).
- Susa ameva ngesandla ezibonakala ngama-tweezers anenzalo.
- Faka ukushisa endaweni ethintekile, ngokuyicwilisa emanzini ashisayo ezingeni lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-45 ° C imizuzu engu-30 (okungcono kuze kufike emaminithini angu-90), ukunciphisa ubuhlungu.
- Gwema ukubeka amakhaza enxebeniNakuba abanye beyivikela le ndlela, ubuthi buvuvukalisa ukushisa futhi ukubanda akubuvimbi.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa ama-tourniquets, izimbobo, ukumunca ngomlomo kanye nemishini yokukhipha i-vacuum, engazange ibonakale iphumelela futhi ingase yenze ukulimala kube kubi.
- Iya esikhungweni sezimo eziphuthumayo ukuthola usizo lwezempilo kanye nokukhipha izinkinga.
Ividiyo enencazelo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GMJ34LzrJM
Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuphathwa kahle, ubuhlungu buyancipha kancane kancane futhi ukuvuvukala kuncipha emahoreni alandelayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuqhubeka kwesiguli kufanele kuqashelwe ezinsukwini ezilandelayo ukuze kubonakale izimpawu zokutheleleka (ukwanda kwe-erythema, ukufudumala kwendawo, ukuphuma) noma izimpawu zesistimu. Kubantu abanokuchayeka emsebenzini noma okuvamile (abadobi, izisebenzi zasolwandle, abatshuzi), ukuqeqeshwa kosizo lokuqala kanye nokufinyelela emithonjeni yokushisa elawulwayo eziteshini zosizo lokuqala kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuqaguleni.
Nakuba iyinhlanzi efihlekile futhi engaqondakali, eyazi indawo yayo yokuhlala, izimpawu eziyisixwayiso kanye nephrothokholi yesenzo Lapho ulunywa, ungajabulela ulwandle ngokuphepha. Ukuhlonza amaphiko omhlane, ukuqonda iphethini yawo yokubhoboza, nokusebenzisa ukushisa ngokushesha ngemva kokubhoboza kunciphisa kakhulu ubuhlungu kanye nengozi yezinkinga.