Uma ubucabanga ukuthi sazi yonke indawo yeplanethi yethu, ulwandle lulapha ukuzosikhumbuza ukuthi sinephutha. Cishe amakhilomitha amabili ukujula, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kweDarwin Island eGalápagos, isayensi ithole isilwane esingatholakali kunoma iyiphi ikhathalogi eyaziwayo , i-cephalopod ebonakala ingaphandle kwefilimu yesayensi ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okucishe kube yinto engavamile.
Lokhu kutholakala, okuholwa nguJanet R. Voight kanye neField Museum yaseChicago, kanye nezikhungo eBonn kanye neCharles Darwin Foundation, kuholele ekuchazweni kohlobo olusha olubizwa ngokuthi i-Microeledone galapagensis . Lokhu akuyona into evamile etholakele, njengoba lesi sidalwa siphendule ukuqonda kwethu umndeni waso wemvelo ekhanda laso, okuphoqa ochwepheshe ukuba babhale kabusha ukuhlukaniswa kohlu lonke lwezinhlobo ze-cephalopods.
Ukubukeka okufana nokwemimoya kanye nesihluthulelo se-heterochrony
Uma ubheka kuqala, i-Microeledone galapagensis ayibonakali ikhombisa ukungavamile kwayo: iyi-octopus encane enomzimba ogobile kancane nezingalo ezimfushane ezinezimbobo ezimbalwa . Kodwa-ke, okumangaza abacwaningi ngempela isikhumba sayo sangemuva, esingenawo umbala. Ngenkathi ezinye izakhamuzi zolwandle olujulile zivame ukuba nezingqimba ezixineneyo zama-chromatophores ukuze zifihle, lesi sibonelo sicishe sikhanye , okwenza sibukeke sifana ne-larva.
Ukuze bachaze lesi simo, ososayensi basibiza ngokuthi i-heterochrony . Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi izinga lokukhula kwesilwane lashintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwaso, okwenza umuntu omdala agcine izici ezivame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezincane kuphela. Endabeni yale octopus engabonakali, i-Microeledone galapagensis , uhlobo lwe- neoteny , lapho isimo sengane siqhubeka khona ngisho nalapho isilwane sisebenza ngokugcwele futhi sesikhulile.
Imfihlakalo yangaphakathi: umthunzi ophambene ophendukezelwe
Nakuba kungase kufane nesipoki ngaphandle, indaba ihluke kakhulu ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yokusebenzisa i-microCT, i-computed tomography scan enembile kakhulu, ithimba lithole ukuthi imisipha yangaphakathi ye-mantle ine -pigmentation ebanzi kakhulu . Ngamanye amazwi, lesi silwane sibonisa i-inverted countershading : sicacile ngaphandle futhi simnyama ngaphakathi, into ephula ngokuphelele imigomo yezinto eziphilayo.
Ngokwemvelo, kuyinto evamile ukuthi umhlane ube mnyama ukuze uhlangane nolwandle kanye nesisu sibe lula ukuze sizifihle ebusweni obukhanyiswe yilanga. I-Microeledone galapagensis yenza okuphambene nalokho, futhi nakuba isizathu singakaqondakali ngokugcwele, kusolwa ukuthi uhlelo lwayo lwe-chromatophore lwaba yiqhwa ekuqaleni kokukhula kwalo.
Izinguquko ekuhleleni i-taxonomy kanye nokungabikho okumangalisayo
Ukuhlaziywa kwangaphakathi akwembulanga nje imibala engavamile kodwa futhi kwathola ukuthi lesi silwane sishoda ngezingxenye eziyisisekelo : asinayo isikhwama seyinki kanye ne-crop diverticulum. Lokhu kuyindaba exakile yesayensi, njengoba lezi zakhiwo zazibhekwa njengezibalulekile ekuchazeni umndeni wakwaMegaleledonidae. Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu omdala akanayo isikhwama seyinki, esisebenza ukukhulula lelo fu elimnyama elivikelayo , lidinga ushintsho encazelweni yeqembu lonke le-taxonomic.
Lolu hlobo lokutholwa lunzima kakhulu ukulufeza, njengoba ekulinganisweni kolwandle olujulile isampula ngayinye iyingcebo. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-microCT kube yinto ebalulekile ekutadisheni ukwakheka komzimba ngaphandle kokubhubhisa isampula , okuvumela lezi zingcezu ezihlukile ukuthi zilondolozwe izizukulwane ezizayo zabacwaningi.
Ezinye izidalwa ezisobala zakwalasha
Akuyona yodwa isilwane esidlala ngokungabonakali ePacific. Kukhona ne- octopus edumile yengilazi , ethathwe ngekhamera yi-Schmidt Ocean Institute. Lesi silwane, esihlala phakathi kwamamitha angu-200 no-1.000 ukujula, sinongwengwezi futhi sicacile kangangokuthi amehlo aso kanye ne-optic nerve kubonakala ngeso lenyama. Ngokungafani ne-octopus yaseGalapagos, lesi saqoshwa okokuqala ngo-2021 futhi siphawuleka ngamehlo aso ayisikwele angavamile.
Naphezu kwenjabulo, ososayensi bayaqhubeka nokuqina. Asikazi ukuthi i-Microeledone galapagensis ihlala endaweni yaseDarwin Island kuphela noma ukuthi isakazeke kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga yePacific . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka ukuhlaziywa kwama-molecule ukuqinisekisa indawo yayo eqondile emndenini nokufunda imininingwane ngokudla kwayo nokuthi izala kanjani kulolo bumnyama obuphelele.
Ukuba khona kwalezi zinhlobo kubonisa ukuthi ulwandle oluse-equator alukakahlolwa kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi indawo efundwe kabanzi njengeziQhingi zaseGalápagos igcine imfihlo kangaka kuze kube muva nje ligcizelela ukuthi ukuhlola ulwandle olujulile kuwuhambo olude noluthakazelisayo, lapho ukutholwa ngakunye okusha kumane kuyisiqalo sombuzo omkhulu kakhulu mayelana nokuphila kwalasha.
