Ezinhlelweni zemifula ezidlula enyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico naseningizimu yeTexas kuhlala isidalwa okungafanele sibe lapho ephepheni. Yinhlanzi enesilinganiso sesiliva esifeze into iningi lezilwane ezinomgogodla eliyibheka njengengenakwenzeka: ukuchuma njengesilwane izinhlobo ezakhiwe ngabesifazane kuphelaLesi silwane esithakazelisayo, esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Amazon molly, sihamba ezikoleni lapho kungekho khona umkhondo wamadoda ohlobo lwaso, okuye kwagcina umphakathi wesayensi udidekile cishe iminyaka eyikhulu.
Ukuba khona kwale nhlanzi encane kuyinselele yangempela emithethweni yebhayoloji njengoba siyayazi. Ngokuvamile, uhlobo oluzihlanganisayo luzogcina lunyamalale ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamaphutha ezakhi zofuzo, kodwa i-Amazon molly ibilokhu ikhohlisa ukuqothulwa. iminyaka engaba yi-100.000Into ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ukuthi, ukuze zizale, lezi zinsikazi kufanele zithandane nezinsikazi zezinhlobo ezingomakhelwane, yize umphumela walokho kuhlangana ungahlobene nalokho umuntu angakulindela emvelweni.
Umsuka wozalo lwamaqhawe azimele
Igama lale nhlanzi alilona iphutha, njengoba lihlonipha abesifazane abangamaqhawe abadumile bezinganekwane zamaGreki ababehlala ngaphandle kwamadoda. Ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi lolu hlobo luvela ku- ukuhlangana kwamathuba phakathi kowesifazane kusukela ku-Atlantic molly kanye ne-sailfin molly yesilisa. Kunokuba ikhiqize inzalo engenazinzalo, njengoba kwenzeka ngeminyuzi, lesi siphambano sakha uhlu lozalo olukwazi ukuqhubeka ngaphandle kokudinga ukuhlanganisa izakhi zofuzo zesilisa futhi, into ethakazelisayo uma sicabanga ngobunkimbinkimbi bezilwane ezinomgogodla.
Nakuba zidinga isidoda esivela kwabesilisa bezinye izinhlobo ukuze amaqanda azo aqale ukukhula, le nqubo imane nje iwuhlobo lwezinto eziphilayo. I-DNA yendoda kubhujiswe futhi kulahlwe ngendlela ehlelekile ngokusebenzisa iseli lowesifazane, ukuze amadodakazi aphumayo abe ama-clone aqondile kamama wabo. Kuyisu eliyinqaba kakhulu, lapho owesilisa ekhohliswa khona ukuba achithe izakhi zakhe zofuzo ngaphandle kokushiya noma yimuphi umkhondo esizukulwaneni esilandelayo.
Imfihlo yempumelelo: ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo
Umbuzo omkhulu ochwepheshe ababewubuza kwakuwukuthi lezi zinsikazi zivimbela kanjani ukuwohloka kwe-genome yazo. Ezinhlotsheni ezizalanayo ngokocansi, ukuxuba i-DNA kusiza ekuqedeni izinguquko eziyingozi, kodwa kuma-clones, la maphutha avame ukuqongelela njengemfucumfucu endala egumbini lokugcina izinto kuze kube yilapho izinto eziphilayo zingasasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, izifundo ezishicilelwe emaphephandabeni adumile njenge-Nature ziveze ukuthi i-Amazon molly isebenzisa indlela yokwenza ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi okubizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, esebenza njengokulungisa umbhalo ozenzakalelayo kukhodi yayo yezakhi zofuzo.
Le ndlela ivumela umzimba, lapho indawo ye-DNA yonakele, ukuthi usebenzise enye ikhophi enempilo yesakhi esifanayo ukuze ubhale iphutha. Ngamanye amazwi, benza i- inqubo yokukopisha nokunamathisela Lokhu kwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo okuphumelelayo kakhulu kugcina impilo yezakhi zofuzo naphezu kokudlula kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane. Ngenxa yalokhu, lolu hlobo aluzange lugweme nje kuphela ukuwohloka kodwa futhi lubonise amandla ezakhi zofuzo izilwane eziningi ezizalayo ezivame ukuzifisa.
Amandla okuzala angavamile
Ngaphandle kwezindlela zabo zokuzalanisa izakhi zofuzo, lezi zinhlanzi ziyimishini yokusinda yangempela ngokwezinombolo. Zifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokobulili ngokushesha okukhulu, zilungele ukuzala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa nje ngemva kokuzalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali etshaliwe yamandla iyonke: njengoba kungadingeki zizale amaduna, inani labantu lingaphindeka kabili ngokushesha kunabancintisana nabo, njengoba umuntu ngamunye eqenjini ekwazi ukuletha abesifazane abasha emhlabeni.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi umama ngamunye angazala amaphuphu aphakathi kuka-60 no-100 cishe njalo emavikini ayisithupha. Lesi sivinini esididayo, sihlanganiswe nekhono lawo loku gcina i-genome eqinile Futhi ingenazo izinguquko eziyingozi, ichaza ukuthi kungani le nhlanzi "engafanele ibe khona" iqhubeka nokubhukuda ngokukhululeka kangaka emifuleni yaseMelika. Ekugcineni, kuvela ukuthi imvelo ithole enye indlela yokuphila yokuchuma ngaphandle kokulandela imithetho emisiwe yokuhlanganiswa kobulili.
Lesi silwane esincane esinomgogodla sibonisa ukuthi izindlela zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ziguquguquka kakhulu kunalokho esasikucabanga ekuqaleni. I-Amazon molly ithole ekuguqulweni kwezakhi zofuzo njengomxhumanisi ophelele wokunqoba ikusasa layo lezinto eziphilayo, okwenza kube njalo. kudala ngokwezakhi zofuzo kuno Uhlobo lwethu lwabantu. Indaba yabo iyisikhumbuzo sokuthi, ngezinye izikhathi, ukuba yinto ehlukile emthethweni kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema ukunyamalala ebalazweni.