Ugu lwase-Andalusia luzoba, okokuqala ngqa, imephu eningiliziwe yokuba khona kwe Ulwandle lwase-Asia kanye nenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhakaLezi yizinhlobo ezimbili zezilwane ezihlaselayo ezibangela izinkinga eziningi ogwini oluseningizimu yeSpain. Kunokuba nje kube umsebenzi welabhorethri, le mephu entsha izokwakhiwa ngosizo oluqondile lomphakathi, ozofaka isandla ekubonweni okuvela emabhishi, ogwini lolwandle kanye nasezindaweni zokungena kwamanzi.
Iphrojekthi, ebizwa "Abahlaseli ogwini! I-Andalusia ithatha isinyathelo ngokumelene nolwelwe lwase-Asia kanye nezinkalankala eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"Le phrojekthi ihlose ukuguqula ukukhathazeka komphakathi mayelana nokufika kwezimila zasolwandle, ukuphazamiseka kwasogwini, kanye noshintsho lwemvelo lube ithuluzi eliwusizo locwaningo kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo. Umqondo ulula: lapho sibheka kakhulu olwandle kanye nogu lolwandle, kulapho singaqonda kangcono ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zisakazeka kanjani.
Iphrojekthi yesayensi yezakhamuzi yokudweba imephu yezinhlobo ezihlaselayo
Lo mkhankaso uholwa abacwaningi abavela ku- Ipulatifomu ye-Sea Observers (CSIC), i-Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN-CSIC) kanye ne-Oceanographic Center of Cadiz (IEO-CSIC)La maqembu, anolwazi oluningi ekuqapheni olwandle, azoxhumanisa ukuqoqwa nokuqinisekiswa kwedatha okuzosebenza njengesisekelo semephu yokuqala yolwandle lwase-Asia (i-Rugulopteryx okamurae) kanye nenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Callinectes sapidus) e-Andalusia.
Ngokusho kwalabo abaphethe, inhloso eyinhloko dala isethi yedatha ejwayelekile, eqinisekisiwe, futhi enengqondo ngokwesayensi Lolu cwaningo luzogxila ekusabalaleni kanye nemiphumela yalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezihlaselayo ogwini lwase-Andalusia. Luzosebenzisa isakhiwo esikhona se-Observadores del Mar (Sea Observers), ipulatifomu eqoqe idatha yesayensi yezakhamuzi eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi, yize ukusatshalaliswa kwayo kulo lonke isifunda kusalingana.
Kuze kube manje, iningi ledatha laligxile ezindaweni ezithile, kuyilapho Ingxenye eseningizimu yenhlonhlo yayinezikhala zolwaziNgalo mkhankaso othize e-Andalusia, abacwaningi bafuna ukwandisa inani lokubuka esifundeni ukuze bavumele ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwangaphakathi kwesifunda futhi bathuthukise amasu okuqapha kanye nokuphendula ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezihlaselayo ogwini lwase-Andalusia.
Ukwethulwa komphakathi kwale phrojekthi kwenzeke ngo- Indawo yokudlela yaseLectora, eCádizEmcimbini ohlanganisa umxhumanisi, uMaibe Hermoso (CSIC), nabeluleki besayensi u-Mar Roca Mora (ICMAN-CSIC, inhloko yephrojekthi ye-RugOBSS) kanye no-Isabel Muñoz de los Reyes (Cádiz Oceanographic Center, IEO-CSIC), bonke bagcizelele ukubaluleka kokuhlanganisa imibono yezakhamuzi emizamweni yesayensi eqhubekayo.
Isisekelo esiyisisekelo sicacile: Ukuba khona kwe-algae yase-Asia kanye ne-blue crab kuyahlukahluka kakhulu ngesikhala nangesikhathiLokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukumboza lonke ugu lolwandle kusetshenziswa imishini yobungcweti kuphela. Ngakho-ke, isayensi yezakhamuzi iba yinto ebalulekile ekufinyeleleni ukumbozwa okubanzi, okuqhubekayo, nokuningiliziwe.
Ulwelwe lwase-Asia: ukuthutheleka okukhulu kanye nokucindezela emabhishi kanye nokudoba
Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kule phrojekthi ukuthi I-algae yase-Asia i-Rugulopteryx okamuraeLolu hlobo, olwaqala ukutholakala eStrait of Gibraltar, lusakazeke ngokushesha eminyakeni embalwa nje ezindaweni ezahlukene ogwini lwase-Andalusia. Ukugcwala kwalo okukhulu sekuyinto evamile emabhishi amaningana eCádiz kanye naseStrait ezungezile.
Ukuqongelela kwalolu hlobo kungenza amabhishi agcwele amanzi, bachitha izinsizakalo zokuhlanza zikamasipala futhi baphazamise izindawo zokuhlala ezinamadwalaNgaphezu kokwenza umsebenzi wokudoba ube nzima futhi kulimaze isithombe sezokuvakasha sendawo, lokho abasebenzisi abaningi basogwini abakubona njenge "izinqwaba zokhula lwasolwandle ogwini" kuyinkinga enkulu kubaphathi nososayensi, okudinga ulwazi olunembile noluqhubekayo.
Ubufakazi besayensi obutholakalayo busikisela ukuthi Ukwandiswa kwe-Rugulopteryx okamurae kunamandla kakhulu futhi kudinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo ukuqonda ukuziphatha kwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nendawo. Ukwazi ukuthi iqoqana kuphi, ngobuningi obungakanani, nokuthi ivame kangakanani kubalulekile ekwakheni izinhlelo zokuphatha ezingokoqobo nokuhlola umthelela ohlangene endaweni yasolwandle kanye nemisebenzi yabantu.
Kulesi simo, iphrojekthi ethi “Abahlaseli ogwini!” isekelwa yizifundo ezifanayo ezifana nokuthi I-RugOBSS, eholwa ngumcwaningi uMar Roca Mora. Lolu cwaningo luzohlanganisa ukuhlaziywa okukhulu kwezithombe ze I-satellite yaseYurophu i-Sentinel-2 ngokubona emabhishi kanye nedatha ngamathani e-biomass asuswe omasipala ukuze kulungiselelwe ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwesifunda komthelela wokufika kwezimila zasolwandle zase-Asia e-Andalusia.
Ukubambisana kwezakhamizi kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba Ivumela ukuqinisekiswa phansi kwalokho okuboniswa yiziphuphutheki.Ngokubhekisela kumarekhodi e-Sea Observers ngezithombe ze-Sentinel-2 kanye nedatha yokususwa kwe-biomass kusukela ngo-2016, abacwaningi bazokwazi ukulandelela ukuthambekela kwendawo nesikhathi sokufika kwe-strandings kanye ne-algae entantayo, ngaleyo ndlela bathuthukise amathuluzi okuphatha lezi zenzakalo.
Inkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: uhlobo oluhlaselayo emifuleni nasezindaweni ezimanzi
Omunye umlingiswa oyinhloko wemephu uzoba yi- Inkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Callinectes sapidus)Njengoba iwuhlobo oluvela entshonalanga ye-Atlantic, seluvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezinamanzi, emifuleni, nasezindaweni ezishintshayo ogwini lwase-Andalusia. Amandla ayo okuzivumelanisa nezimo nokukhula aphakamise ukukhathazeka emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ehlobene nolwandle.
Le ngwenya, enemilenze eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nosayizi omuhle, ingakwazi ezithinta imiphakathi engenamgogodla kanye nezinsiza zokudobaukushintsha ibhalansi yemvelo yezindawo zemvelo ezihlala kuzo. E-Andalusia, ukusabalala kwayo kuholele ekuqalisweni kwezinyathelo zokulawula nokuqapha, kodwa kusasele imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana nokusatshalaliswa kwayo kwangempela kanye nobukhulu bomthelela wayo endaweni ngayinye.
Ukwehluka kokubukeka kwenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka—nezindawo lapho itholakala khona kakhulu kanti ezinye lapho ingatholakali khona—kusho ukuthi Ukuqoqwa kwedatha kufanele kube kubanzi futhi kuqhubeke isikhathi eside.Ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yababukeli abasakazeke kulo lonke ugu lolwandle, bekuyoba nzima ukuhlonza izindawo ezintsha zokwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma ukubona izinguquko ezibalulekile kubantu.
Ngakho-ke, iphrojekthi ibheja ukuthi abadobi, ababhukudiabasebenzi abavela ezikhungweni zemfundo yezemvelo kanye nezakhamuzi zomasipala abasogwini Nikela ngokubona kwakho. Irekhodi ngalinye, elihambisana nezithombe nendawo, lengeza enye ingxenye kuphazili ezosiza ekubaleni ubukhona bangempela bezinhlobo e-Andalusia.
Ulwazi olutholiwe ngeke lusetshenziswe kuphela ukudweba imephu, kodwa futhi luzosetshenziselwa ukusekela ukwenziwa kwezinqumo yizikhungo zikahulumeni kanye nomkhakha wokudobaabadinga idatha ethembekile yokuhlola izindlela zokuphatha, zokulawula noma zokuxhaphaza ezingaba khona zalolu hlobo oluhlaselayo.
Indlela imephu yokuqala yolwandle lwase-Asia kanye nenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezosebenza ngayo
Inhliziyo yalo msebenzi ukudala Imephu yokuhlolwa kokubonwa kwe-algae yase-Asia kanye ne-blue crab kulo lonke ugu lwase-AndalusiaLe mephu, esekelwe kudatha yezakhamuzi futhi eqinisekiswe amaqembu esayensi, izodalwa kusukela kusethi yedatha efanayo eyenzelwe ukuba wusizo ocwaningweni, ekuphathweni kwemvelo, kanye nasekuxhumaneni nomphakathi.
Abahlanganyeli bazoqopha abakubonile ku- ipulatifomu yedijithali i-Sea Observers Ukulandela izinqubo ezilula nezifanayo. Phakathi kweminye imininingwane, okulandelayo kuzocelwa: indawo (kungcono ukuthi ibekwe endaweni ethile), usuku, izithombe zezinhlobo, kanye nolwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nomongo wokubuka (isibonelo, uma kubonwe ogwini lolwandle, edwaleni, ogwini lolwandle, esizalweni somfula, njll.).
Uma sekulayishiwe epulatifomu, okubonwe kuzodlula ku- inqubo yokubuyekeza ngamathimba ochwepheshe besayensiLaba bantu banesibopho sokuqinisekisa noma ukulungisa ukuhlonza izinhlobo kanye nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yedatha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi oluvezwa ekugcineni emephini lunezinga elifanele lokuthembeka.
Njengoba amarekhodi eseqinisekisiwe, ukwakhiwa kuzoqala umfanekiso obonakalayo obonisa izindawo zolwandle lwase-Asia kanye nenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhakakanye namaphethini okusatshalaliswa okungenzeka. Imephu izovumela ukutholakala kwezindawo ezithinteke kakhulu, izindawo ezivelayo, noma izinguquko lapho kukhona lezi zinhlobo ezihlaselayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwemephu, iphrojekthi ihlela ukuthuthukisa izifinyezo ezibonakalayo kanye nokuhumusha okufushane kwemiphumelazenzelwe ukuthi noma ubani, ngisho noma engenalo uqeqesho lwesayensi, aqonde ngokushesha ukuthi kwenzekani ogwini lwase-Andalusia nokuthi iminikelo yabo ingena kanjani ohlelweni lokuqapha olubanzi.
Inethiwekhi yama-ejenti endawo kanye nendlela "yokuqeqesha abaqeqeshi"
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwedatha akugcini emkhankasweni owodwa, iphrojekthi yakha inethiwekhi yama-ejenti endawo isakazeke ezindaweni ezahlukene ogwini lwase-AndalusiaLe nethiwekhi ihlanganisa izikhungo zokuntywila, izikhungo zemfundo, izinhlangano, izinhlangano emkhakheni wokudoba, ukuphathwa komasipala kanye nezakhamuzi ezinentshisekelo.
Isu elikhethiwe yindlela "umqeqeshi wabaqeqeshi"Esikhundleni sokunikeza nje imihlangano ehlukene, ithimba lesayensi lisebenzisana nababambiqhaza ababalulekile esifundeni ukuze nabo bakwazi ukuphinda ukuqeqeshwa, basekele abahlanganyeli abasha, futhi balondoloze ukuqoqwa okuqhubekayo kokuqashelwa. Ngale ndlela, iphrojekthi ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwayo ngale kwesigaba sayo sokuqala.
Phakathi kwezinhlangano esezivele zijoyine kukhona I-NGO Nereide kanye nenhlangano yokuntywila emanzini i-Ocean AddictsLezi zinhlangano zizosebenza njengezikhungo zokusabalalisa nokusekela ezindaweni zazo. Indima yazo izoba yisisekelo ekufinyeleleni umphakathi wokuntywila kanye namaqembu endawo, izikole, kanye nezinhlangano ezibandakanyeka ekulondolozweni kolwandle.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwenziwa imizamo yokwandisa ukubandakanyeka kwe izikhungo zemfundo kanye nokuphathwa kwendawoLe misebenzi ingahlanganisa ukubhekisisa lezi zinhlobo ezinhlelweni zemfundo, izinhlelo zemvelo zikamasipala, noma izinhlelo zokuzithandela. Le phrojekthi ihlose ukuhlanganisa ngokwemvelo ukuqapha ulwelwe lwase-Asia kanye nenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka empilweni yansuku zonke yomasipala abaningi abasogwini.
Isihluthulelo ukuthi abantu baqonde lokho Okubonwe yibo kunomthelela wangempelaAkukhona nje ukuthumela isithombe, kodwa kumayelana nokufaka isandla kudathabheyisi ezosetshenziselwa ucwaningo, ukuphathwa kanye nokwakhiwa kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi zokulwa nokuhlasela kwezinto eziphilayo ogwini lwase-Andalusia.
Izinsuku zesayensi yezakhamuzi kanye nemisebenzi ebhishi laseLos Lance
Esinye sezenzo ezibonakala kakhulu zephrojekthi kuzoba ukuhlela Usuku lwesayensi yezakhamizi ebhishi laseLos Lances, eTarifa, kuhlelwe ngoMeyi. Lo msebenzi uzohlanganisa izingxoxo ezifundisayo nokubuka okusebenzayo ensimini, okusondeza indlela yesayensi emphakathini jikelele.
Uhlelo luzofaka phakathi Iseshini yolwazi ngenkinga yezinhlobo zasolwandle ezihlaselayoIsethulo sizochaza imiphumela yolwandle lwase-Asia kanye nenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindaweni zemvelo zasogwini, ukudoba, ezokuvakasha kanye nokuphathwa kolwandle. Sizophinde sixoxe ngokuthi kungani idatha eqhubekayo nesatshalaliswa kahle ibaluleke kangaka.
Okulandelayo, umsebenzi wokuqapha osebenzayo ogwini lolwandle uqoboAbasebenzi bocwaningo kanye nama-ejenti endawo bazofundisa ababambiqhaza indlela yokubona izinhlobo zezilwane, indlela yokuthatha izithombe eziwusizo ukuze bazibone, kanye nendlela yokurekhoda okubonwayo nge-geolocation epulatifomu ye-Observers of the Sea.
Inhloso yalezi zingqungquthela ikabili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, qeqesha abalingani abasha ekuqoqweni kwedatha futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezakhamuzi namaqembu esayensi, okubonisa ngqo ukuthi ulwazi lwakhiwa kanjani ngokwemibono eminingi.
Kuhlelwe ukuthi, ngemva kwengqungquthela neminye imisebenzi efanayo, okulandelayo kuzothuthukiswa imephu yokuqala yokuhlola enezinto ezibonwe eziqoqweLokhu kuhambisana nencazelo elula yamaphethini atholakele. Ngale ndlela, abahlanganyeli bazokwazi ukubona umnikelo wabo ubonakala emkhiqizweni obonakalayo futhi baqonde kangcono ububanzi bomzamo wabo.
Ukusekelwa kwezikhungo kanye nendima yeHhovisi Lesayensi Yezakhamuzi lase-Andalusia
“Abahlaseli ogwini! I-Andalusia ithatha isinyathelo ngokumelene nolwelwe lwase-Asia kanye nenkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka” kuyingxenye ye iqembu lamaphrojekthi ayisishiyagalombili asekelwa yiHhovisi Lesayensi Yezakhamizi lase-Andalusia, inhlangano ekhuthazwa yi-Ministry of University, Research and Innovation ngokubambisana ne-Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECYT) yoMnyango Wezesayensi, Innovation and University.
Leli hhovisi lisebenza njengehhovisi "Indawo eyodwa" ezinikele ekweluleni, ekuqeqesheni nasekusabalaliseni izinhlelo zokubamba iqhaza kwezakhamuzi kwezesayensifuthi kubhekwa njengokuqala kohlobo lwayo eSpain. Ukusekelwa kwayo kuhlanganisa kokubili usizo lobuchwepheshe kanye nokubonakala kanye nokuxhumana nezinye izinhlelo ezifanayo esifundeni.
Ukusekelwa kwezikhungo kuvumela amaphrojekthi anjengalawa ukuthi enzeke. babe nezinsiza zokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zabo zokusebenzaKusukela ekuhleleni ama-workshop obuso nobuso kuya ekulungiseleleni izinto zokuqeqesha, ukuxhumanisa nezinhlaka zendawo, kanye nokuxhumana ngemiphumela.
Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zesayensi, iHhovisi Lesayensi Yezakhamuzi lase-Andalusia lihlose umphakathi uzizwa njengengxenye esebenzayo yocwaningoikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezithinta ngqo, njengesimo samabhishi, impilo yezindawo zemvelo zasogwini, noma imisebenzi yokudoba nezokuvakasha.
Kulesi simo, iphrojekthi yemephu yokuqala ye-algae yase-Asia kanye ne-blue crab iba isibonelo sendlela ukubambisana phakathi kwezakhamuzi, umphakathi wesayensi kanye nohulumeni Kungakhiqiza ulwazi oluwusizo lokubhekana nezinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi zemvelo ogwini lwase-Andalusia, futhi, ngokwengeziwe, nakwezinye izindawo ogwini lwaseYurophu.
Ukufakwa kwale mephu yokuqala kanye nenethiwekhi yababukeli abayisekelayo kukhombisa ukuthi kanjani, kusukela amarekhodi ezakhamuzi aqinisekiswe ochwephesheKungenzeka ukuqapha ngokuseduze ukusabalala kwezinhlobo ezihlaselayo njengeRugulopteryx okamurae kanye neCallinectes sapidus, ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwesayensi olutholakalayo kanye namathuluzi angcono okuphatha imiphumela yazo emabhishi, ezindaweni zemvelo zasolwandle, ukudoba kanye nezokuvakasha e-Andalusia.
