Imvelo engaphansi kwamanzi Isinika izibuko eziyingqayizivele lapho kuhlangana khona umbala, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kanye nomsebenzi wemvelo. Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu zezixhobo ezishisayo yi- I-Parrotfish, isilwane ubukhona baso buhumushela ekuphileni, umbala, nempilo ye-coral ecosystem. Zitholele konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nezitshalo zayo kulesi sihloko. Izimpawu, indawo yokuhlala, ukuphakela, ukuzala kanye nokunakekelwa kokubili endle kanye nase-aquariumSizophinde sixoxe ngokubaluleka kwayo kwemvelo, amaqiniso athakazelisayo, kanye nenselele enkulu emele ukugcinwa kwayo.
Indawo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-parrotfish
I-Los i-parrotfish, obeye aziwe njengo i-parrotfish noma i-parrotfish futhi okomndeni Scaridae, izakhamuzi ezivamile zase amanzi angajulile ashisayo. Asakazwa kabanzi ku i-Indian, Pacific, Atlantic Ocean kanye noLwandle Olubomvu, nakuba kunezinhlobo ezitholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Bakhetha Izixhobo zamakhorali, izimfunda zotshani kanye nezindawo ezinamatshe asogwini lapho zithola indawo yokuhlala nokudla.
Lezi zindawo zokuhlala ziqinisekisa ukufinyelela kuzo amakhorali kanye ne-algae, ezibalulekile ekudleni nasekuphileni kwazo. Imvelo ye-coral ayinikezi kuphela ukudla, kodwa futhi izindawo zokuzalanisa futhi bazivikele ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Ezinye izinhlobo, njenge-parrotfish yaseYurophu, zihlala ogwini oluthile njengaseNtshonalanga Afrika, kanti ezinye zithatha i-Great Barrier Reef kanye nama-atoll akude.
Izici zomzimba ne-morphological
El I-Parrotfish amaqembu nxazonke 90 izinhlobo ezahlukene ngokuhlukahluka okumangalisayo ngemibala, osayizi nokuziphatha. Banomzimba ngokuvamile zinde futhi ziqinile, efinyelela kusuka Amasentimitha ayi-15 ezinhlobonhlobo ezincane kuze kube ngaphezu Amamitha angu-1,3 kanye namakhilogremu angu-46 kuma-specimens amakhulu kakhulu, njenge- I-Chlorurus gibbusIsilinganiso sesisindo sabantu abadala siseduze 30 amakhilogremu.
Isici sayo esiphawuleka kakhulu yi- amazinyo okufakelwa ahlanganisiwe eyenza uqhwaku lweqiniso olufana nolopholi, olusetshenziselwa luma amakhorali namadwalaNgemva kokuchoboza i-coral, basebenzisa amazinyo e-pharyngeal ukuyicoboshisa futhi ikhiphe ulwelwe oluncane nezilwane ezingenamgogodla.
Una isici esiyisakhiwo sodumo umbala wayo ngokugqamile: amathoni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okotshani, okunsomi, okubomvana, okuphuzi nokusawolintshi Zihlangana ngamaphethini acwebezelayo, angahluka kuzo zonke izigaba zawo zempilo ezihlukene. Abesifazane abasha Ngokuvamile banemibala ekhanyayo nehlakaniphile; njengoba zikhula noma zishintsha ubulili (ezinhlotsheni ze-hermaphrodite), Bathola ukuqina okukhulu nokuhlukahluka kwe-chromatic.
Lolu hlu olumangalisayo lwemibala alunikezi nje kuphela ukubukeka okumangalisayo, kodwa futhi lunikeza imisebenzi yezenhlalo neyokufihla. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyakwazi shintsha umbala ukuzivumelanisa nemvelo noma ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ukuziphatha, ukudla kanye nomjikelezo wesihlabathi
I-Parrotfish ethula a ukuphequlula noma ukuphakela nge-microphagous: Ukudla kwabo kuqukethe ikakhulukazi i-algae, i-cyanobacteria kanye nezilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla ezihlala zigxiliswe kumakhorali. Ngenxa yamazinyo azo akhethekile, zingaququda futhi zichoboze amakhorali ukuze zithole lezi zakhi. Ngaphezu kwe-algae, Badla ama-microorganisms kanye nezinto eziphilayo etholakala ku-substrate.
Su umthelela wemvelo ukuthi banikela ngokuyisisekelo ku ukwakheka kwesihlabathi esimhlophe emabhishi ashisayo. Lapho begaya amakhorali, bawakhipha njengesihlabathi esihle. Ngokocwaningo, isifanekiso esisodwa esikhulu singakhiqiza ngaphezu kwe-1000 kilograms yesihlabathi ngonyaka, okwenza i-parrotfish ibe enye yezindawo eziyinhloko ze-geological eziziqhingini naseziqhingini zamakhorali.
Bachitha u-90% wosuku bedla, ngaleyo ndlela esusa ulwelwe olungase luqhudelane namakhorali ukuthola indawo nokukhanya. Lo msebenzi uvimbela ukuminyanisa kwamakhorali futhi ukhuthaze ukukhula kwamakoloni amasha.
- ukudla kwakho kuhlanganisa ulwelwe, i-plankton, ama-mollusk amancane kanye nama-crustaceans amancane ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ngokuchoboza amakhorali namadwala, ahlanza ulwelwe oluhlaselayo futhi akhuthaze ukuzala kwamakhorali.
- Akhiqiza isihlabathi ngokusebenzisa uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokugaya ukudla olunamazinyo e-pharyngeal, lula ukuvuselelwa kolwandle kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-benthic biodiversity.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha kanye nobulili obuyingqayizivele
I-Los i-parrotfish Zethula elinye lamaphethini okuzala athakazelisa kakhulu embusweni wasolwandle: i i-hermaphroditism elandelanayo. Iningi lizalwa linjalo abesifazane futhi, ekufinyeleleni ekuvuthweni noma esigabeni esibulalayo, abanye abantu bashintsha babe ngabesilisaKodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo lapho inqubo ihlehliswa khona noma lapho lolu shintsho lungenzeki khona.
El ukuzala kwenzeka emanzini avulekile eduze kolwandle. Ezisikazi zikhipha amaqanda amaningi Basemseni wemisinga, yingakho ingxenye encane kuphela ekwaziyo ukuphila futhi izinze emifantwini nasemifantwini yamakhorali aze achanyuselwe.
Ebusuku, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zikhiqiza a ungqimba lwamafinyila olubazungezile futhi ivikela ekulandeleni izilwane ezizingelayo kanye nezimuncagazi, okuzivumela ukuba zilale ngokuphepha.
Ukubaluleka kwemvelo kanye nomthelela ku-ecosystem
Isenzo sansuku zonke se- i-parrotfish ibalulekile ku impilo yamakhoraliNgokudla ulwelwe nezinto eziphilayo eziqhudelana namakhorali, zivimbela ukuwohloka kwalezi zimiso zemvelo. Ngaphandle kwabo, i-algae ibinganda, icindezele futhi isuse amakhorali, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle.
Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa impilo yamakhorali, banjalo ama-bioeroder abalulekile: Umsebenzi wawo uguqula izakhiwo ze-coral ezindala zibe izingxenye ezingaphansi ezifanele ukwenziwa kwamakoloni izibungu ezintsha zamakhorali, ngaleyo ndlela kubuyiselwe umjikelezo wokuphila kwezixhobo zokusebenza. Umphumela obambekayo walesi senzo ukwakheka kwe amabhishi amhlophe ashisayo, okubangelwa kakhulu ukuthi umsuka wayo ubangelwa i-parrotfish.
- Bagcina i ibhalansi yemvelo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwe-coral ecosystem.
- Umsebenzi wakhe njenge izilawuli ze-algae akunakubuyiselwa ndawo.
- Babamba iqhaza ekuvuseleleni nasekuvikeleni izixhobo.
Izinsongo nokulondolozwa
Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo, I-parrotfish ibhekene nezinsongo ezinzima njenge Ukudoba ngokweqile, ukucekelwa phansi kwezixhobo, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukungcola kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlalaEzinye izifunda zibone ukwehla okukhulu kwenani labantu bazo, futhi ezindaweni ezithile sekuvele kubhekwa njengokushabalala.
Ukudoba ngokweqile Ngokuxakayo, kungesinye sezimbangela ezishaqisayo. Njengoba zibhekwa njengezibiliboco kwamanye amazwe, zibanjwa ngokungakhethi, okuthinta ibhalansi yemvelo. Ukunciphisa kwabo kuholela ekwandeni kolwelwe ngokweqile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukufa kwamakhorali.
Ukweseka ukongiwa kwezixhobo ezisetshenziswayo kanye nokuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kwe-parrotfish kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphila kwalezi zidalwa eziphilayo nezilwane zasolwandle ezihambisana nazo.
I-Parrotfish e-aquarium: izici, ukunakekelwa, nezincomo
I-exoticism kanye nemibala ecacile ye- I-Parrotfish okwenza kube enye yezinhlobo eziyintandokazi zabathandi be-aquarium. Nokho, Ukuzigcina ekuthunjweni kuyinselele impela Ngenxa yezidingo zabo eziyinkimbinkimbi zemvelo nezomsoco, sizokuchaza ukuthi ungazakha kanjani izimo ezingcono kakhulu zenhlalakahle yabo ku-aquarium yakho:
- I-aquarium kufanele ivuleke kakhulu: Ivolumu encane engamalitha angu-300 iyanconywa, nakuba ku-marine parrotfish yabantu abadala namaqembu, ubukhulu kufanele budlule amalitha angu-500-1000.
- izinga lokushisa eliphezuluUkushisa: phakathi kuka-24°C no-28°C.
- pH: ngokufanelekile phakathi kuka-7 no-8, nakuba abekezelela i-alkaline kancane.
- Ukuqina kwamanzi: phakathi kuka-8 no-20 dGH.
- Ukuhlunga okusebenzayo kanye nezinguquko zamanzi zamasonto onke ukuze kugcinwe ikhwalithi nokuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwe-nitrate.
- I-sandy substrate enamatshe noma ecolekile, enezindawo zokukhosela eziningi: amadwala, amakhorali okwenziwa noma emvelo, imigede nezindawo ezitshalwe ngokuminyene.
- Gwema ama-tankmates anolaka ngokweqile; kuyatuswa ukuthi uwagcine engamaqembu noma ngababili, inqobo nje uma i-aquarium ivuma futhi kunezindawo zokucasha ezanele.
Ngokuqondene ne ukudla kwe-aquarium:
- Kufanele kusekelwe ukudla kwezitshalo, ulwelwe, i-spirulina, amaqabunga esipinashi, amaphilisi e-algae kanye nokudla okuqondile kwama-cichlids olwandle.
- Vuma ngezikhathi ezithile amaprotheni supplements njengezimbaza, izimfanzi, izikelemu noma ukudla okuqandisiwe kwezinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo.
- Kubalulekile ukuhambisana ukudla okuthuthukisa imibala yabo, njengalezo ezicebile nge-carotenoids.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-aquarium kubandakanya a uhlelo lokuhlunga olunamandla, i-thermometer, kanye nokuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-pH nobulukhuni. Indawo ecebile enezindawo zokukhosela kanye nezindawo zokubhukuda ezivulekile ikhuthaza ukuziphatha kwemvelo futhi inciphisa ukucindezeleka.
Izifo nokuvimbela
I-parrotfish ngokuvamile iqinile, kodwa Imibala yazo ingase ilahlekelwe amandla Uma imvelo impofu noma uma kunomsoco ngokweqile emanzini. Ukubonakala kwamabala amhlophe kubonisa izifo ezingenzeka ezifana ne-ichthyosis, okufanele ziphathwe ngemithi ethile kanye nezimo zamanzi ezithuthukisiwe.
Uma kwenzeka ukuqubuka, kuyanconywa hlukanisa izinhlanzi ezithintekile, hlola imingcele yamanzi futhi ususe noma uhlanze imihlobiso emisha.
Njengamanje kukhona okuhlukile okudume kakhulu kuma-aquaistics, i "i-aquarium parrotfish" noma i-Red Parrot hybridLe nhlanzi, eyakhiwe ngokuwela ama-cichlids ahlukene, inomlingiswa onokuthula, izimo ezingezona ezemvelo nemibala ekhanyayo, kodwa akufanele kudidaniswe ne-marine parrotfish (Scaridae). Ukunakekelwa kwabo kuhluka kancane, kubekezelela ukwehluka kwemingcele nokudla, kodwa futhi kuthambekele kakhulu ekukhubazekeni okuthile nezinkinga zempilo ngenxa yemvelaphi yabo eyingxube.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo namaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-parrotfish
- Ezinye izinhlobo zingashintsha umbala kanye nobulili izikhathi eziningana phakathi nokuphila kwazo.
- Amaphesenti angu-90 esihlabathi esimhlophe emabhishi athile asezindaweni ezishisayo avela emsebenzini wabo wokudla.
- Ebusuku, zikhipha umfece wamafinyila eziwavikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
- Inyama yayo ithathwa njengento emnandi kwamanye amazwe, nakuba kwamanye ivikelwe ngokuqinile ngenxa yendima yayo yezemvelo.
- Ezikhathini zasendulo, babebizwa ngamakhono angavamile "njengamazwi abo" futhi kwakubhekwa njengento engenakwenzeka ukubamba ebusuku.
El I-Parrotfish Imele omunye wabasekeli abakhulu kakhulu bezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo zasezindaweni ezishisayo futhi idlala indima engenakuthathelwa indawo yezixhobo zamakhorali. Umbala wayo onemibala, isayensi yezinto eziphilayo eyingqayizivele, nokubaluleka kwamabhishi neziqhingi kwenza i-parrotfish ibe uhlobo oluthakazelisayo, olubalulekile ekulinganiseni olwandle. Ukwazisa, ukuvikela, kanye nokuqonda ukubaluleka kwakho kubalulekile ekusindeni kwezimiso zemvelo esizisekelayo.
