I-Los Ama-embryo oshaka abekwe phakathi kophenyo olukhulu okuhlose ukwembula umsuka wezifo zegazi ezifana ne-leukemia nokuhlola amasu amasha okubhekana nazo. Kunokuba zibe yizilwane ezithakazelisayo zomhlaba wasolwandle, lezi zilwane ezinomgogodla, amalungu e- inhlanzi enesigaxaZiba amamodeli okuhlola awusizo okuqonda ukuthi igazi lakhiwa kanjani ezidalweni eziphilayo.
ESpain, iqembu elivela I-University of Malaga (UMA) ngokubambisana ne-Sea Life Benalmádena aquarium Uqalise iphrojekthi yesikhathi eside ehlanganisa i-biology yentuthuko, izakhi zofuzo kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Inhloso ikabili: ukucacisa ukuthi izakhiwo ezithile zavela kanjani ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla kulo lonke ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, kanye nokuhlonza izindlela ezihilelekile ezinkingeni zegazi ezithinta izinkulungwane zabantu.
Iphrojekthi ehamba phambili phakathi kweNyuvesi yaseMalaga neSea Life eBenalmádena
Ucwaningo luqhutshwa yi- UMnyango Webhayoloji Yezilwane we-Faculty of Sciences ye-UMA Le phrojekthi iphinde ibambisene ne-Sea Life Benalmádena aquarium, enikeza ukufinyelela kuma-embryo ezinhlobo ezahlukene zoshaka. Zombili lezi zinhlangano zisayine isivumelwano sokubambisana esinobude beminyaka emihlanu, esivuselelwa uma imiphumela ivuma.
Ucwaningo luwela ngaphakathi komsebenzi weqembu eliholwa nguSolwazi UJuan Pascual AnayaLolu cwaningo lugxile emsuka wokuziphendukela kwemvelo wezakhiwo ezintsha kuma-metazoan, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezinomgogodla. Kulesi simo, ama-embryo oshaka anikeza ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokufunda ngqo ukuthi uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi luhlelwe futhi luthuthuke kanjani kusukela ezigabeni zalo zokuqala.
Isivumelwano ne-Sea Life Benalmádena sisho ukuthi i-aquarium ayihlanganyeli nje kuphela njengomhlinzeki wezinto eziphilayo, kodwa futhi njenge- i-ejenti esebenzayo ekusabalaliseni kwesayensi kanye nokusekela amaphrojekthi okuhlobene nokuthuthukisa ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zasolwandle. Lokhu kubambisana kuletha ucwaningo olusezingeni eliphezulu eduze komphakathi jikelele ngemisebenzi nezinhlelo zemfundo.
Abaphathi be-aquarium bagcizelela ukuthi uma umsebenzi uholela ezindleleni ezintsha zokuqonda nokwelapha izifo zegazi, njengezinhlobo ezithile ze-leukemia, umthelela wephrojekthi emphakathini uzoba mkhulu kakhulu. Nakuba umgomo oyinhloko uyisisekelo futhi ungowokuvela kwemvelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona ku-biomedicine Ziyisikhuthazo esengeziwe sokukhuthaza lolu hlobo locwaningo eYurophu.
Kungani imibungu yoshaka iyisibonelo esiyinhloko sokutadisha igazi
Le phrojekthi igxile ku ama-embryo e-elasmobranch, iqembu de peces izinhlanzi ezidla inyama, okuhlanganisa oshaka. Ngokukhethekile, lolu cwaningo luzogxila ezinhlotsheni ezifana ne-catshark enamabala amancane (I-Scyliorhinus canicula), i-alitan (I-Scyliorhinus stellaris) kanye noshaka we-bamboo (I-Chiloscyllium punctatum), ezinezici eziwusizo kakhulu ekuhlaziyeni intuthuko yombungu.
Lezi zimbungu zisenza sikwazi ukubona ngokuningiliziwe Ukwakheka kanye nokuhleleka kwe-dorsal aorta, isakhiwo esiyinhloko sesimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi ezigabeni zokuqala zokugula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-embryonicIthimba locwaningo lihlose ukuthola ukuthi lesi sifunda sihileleke kangakanani ekwakhiweni kwamaseli egazi, okungukuthi, lawo maseli akwazi ukukhiqiza zonke izinhlobo zamaseli egazi.
Ukufunda ukuthi la maseli okuqala avela kanjani, nini, futhi kuphi koshaka kunganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile zokuqonda umsuka wesimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi kuzo zonke izilwane ezinomgogodlakufaka phakathi abantu. Njengozalo lwasendulo oluvela ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo, ama-elasmobranch anikeza ithuba lokuqhathanisa izinqubo zawo zokukhula nezezinye izilwane ngaleyo ndlela aphinde akhe kabusha izinyathelo ezilandelwe ukuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Uchungechunge locwaningo alugcini nje ngesici sokwakheka komzimba. Kuphinde kunakwe naku- izinguquko ze-genomic kanye nentuthuko Lezi zinqubo ziholele ekusungulweni kwezinto eziphilayo eminyakeni eyizigidi. Ukuhlaziya lezi zinqubo koshaka kusiza ekuboneni ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ezabelwana ngazo izilwane ezinomgogodla ezahlukene nokuthi yiziphi ezivele ngqo emaqenjini athile.
Kusukela elabhorethri kuya emsuka wezifo ezifana ne-leukemia
Ukuqonda imvelaphi kanye nokulawulwa kwamaseli egazi kubalulekile ekukhanyiseni izifo zegazi, okuhlanganisa nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-leukemiaEziningi zalezi zifo zihlotshaniswa noshintsho ekwakhekeni, ekuhlukaniseni noma ekusebenzeni kwala maseli, ngakho ukuqonda izisekelo zawo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kanye nama-molecule kungavula izindlela ezingakahlolwa ngokugcwele.
Ithimba elivela eNyuvesi yaseMalaga liphakamisa ukuthi, ngokuchaza kabusha amamodeli amanje ku- indlela uhlelo lwegazi oluhlelwe ngayo ezilwaneni ezinomgogodlaLolu cwaningo luzovumela ukuhlonza izinhloso ezintsha kanye nezindlela ezihilelekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zegazi. Nakuba luwucwaningo oluyisisekelo, lolu lwazi, esikhathini esiphakathi neside, luzofundisa nge-biomedicine yokuvuselela kanye nokwakhiwa kwamasu amasha okwelapha.
Esimweni esithile se-leukemia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi kunini lapho kwenzeka khona amaphutha okukhula aholela ekwandeni okungavamile kwamaseli egazi. Imininingwane etholwe kuma-embryo oshaka ingasiza ekwenzeni thola izigaba ezibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli e-stem ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko zofuzo noma zomthetho ezingase zisekele ukubonakala kwalesi sifo.
Umqondisi we-Sea Life Benalmádena ukhombisile ukuthi, uma lokhu kubambisana kuholela endleleni entsha yocwaningo evumela ukuphakamisa amafomula asebenza kahle kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo zegaziUmzamo ohlanganyelwe uzobe ubaluleke kakhulu. Lo mbono uhambisana nomkhuba ojwayelekile eYurophu wokukhuthaza amaphrojekthi axhumanisa i-biology yokuziphendukela kwemvelo nemithi yokuhumusha.
Amasu ebhayoloji yama-molecular okulandelela igazi
Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, iphrojekthi isebenzisa amasu e-biology athuthukisiwe kanye nentuthukoLokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlaziywa kokubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, okusivumela ukuthi sibone ukuthi yiziphi izakhi zofuzo ezisebenzayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi nokuthi kuziphi izicubu ezithile zombungu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- ukucaciswa kweseli okuningiliziwe ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhula kombungu. Lokhu kuhilela ukutadisha ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamaseli avela ku-dorsal aorta, ukuthi asatshalaliswa kanjani, ukuthi ashintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi engaba khona angayidlala ekwakhekeni kohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi kanye nelegazi.
Ngokuhlanganisa lolu lwazi nolwazi oluvela kwezinye izilwane ezinomgogodla, ososayensi bangenza ukuqhathanisa okuqinile futhi bathuthukise imibono mayelana ukuvela kwezakhiwo ezihilelekile ekukhiqizweni kwegaziLe ndlela yokuqhathanisa ibalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimpawu zokhokho kanye nezinto ezintsha zokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa yale phrojekthi, ehlanganisa intuthuko yombungu, izakhi zofuzo kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, isenza sikwazi ukubhekana nomunye wemibuzo emikhulu yebhayoloji yanamuhla: indlela izakhiwo ezintsha nemisebenzi evela ngayo kulo lonke ukuvela kwemveloNgesikhathi esifanayo, lo mbono uhambisana nemigomo ye-regenerative biomedicine, efuna ukusebenzisa lolo lwazi ukulungisa noma ukufaka esikhundleni izicubu ezonakele kubantu.
Isivumelwano seminyaka emihlanu esinombono wesikhathi esizayo
Isivumelwano phakathi kweNyuvesi yaseMalaga neSea Life eBenalmádena sisayiniwe ukuze kube isikhathi sokuqala seminyaka emihlanuLesi sikhathi singandiswa uma kubonakala kudingekile ukuze kuqedwe ucwaningo. Lesi sikhathi esinwetshiwe sibalulekile ekuqapheni ukuthuthukiswa kombungu, ukuhlaziya imiphumela ngokujulile, kanye nokulungisa imibono esebenzayo.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuzokhiqizwa idatha ezoba nesithakazelo hhayi emphakathini wesayensi waseSpain kuphela, kodwa futhi naku- amaqembu ocwaningo avela kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu abasebenza emikhakheni ehlobene, njenge-hematology, i-biology yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, noma imithi yokuvuselela. Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kuvamile kulezi zinhlobo zamaphrojekthi, lapho ukwabelana ngolwazi kusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kweziphetho eziqinile.
Kwi-aquarium, ukubamba iqhaza kulolu cwaningo kuhlanganiswe ngaphakathi kwayo izinhlelo zokufinyelela umphakathi kanye nokusekela ucwaningo minyaka yonkeNgale ndlela, intuthuko evame ukubonwa njengekude isondela emphakathini, futhi indima yezinhlobo zasolwandle ibaluleke ngaphezu kwentshisekelo yazo emvelweni noma yezokuvakasha.
Ngakho konke lokhu, umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe phakathi kwe-UMA kanye ne-Sea Life Benalmádena ubonisa indlela i- Ama-embryo e-shark angaba abangane abangalindelekile Ukuze kuqondwe izisekelo zezifo eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-leukemia, lo msebenzi, ngokuhlanganiswa kwebhayoloji yama-molecule, intuthuko yombungu, kanye nombono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo, uhlose ukushintsha indlela umsuka kanye nokuhleleka kohlelo lwegazi okutholwa ngayo.
