El irekhodi mbumbulu, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi Heros Severus, iyinhlanzi yasemanzini angenasawoti eyaziswa kakhulu emanzini ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okumangalisayo kanye nokubukeka kwayo umlingiswa omneneKuso sonke lesi sihloko, uzothola konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nale nhlanzi ethakazelisayo: kusukela emsuka wayo nokuziphatha kuya ekugcinweni kwayo, ukukhiqizwa kabusha, izici zomzimba, ukuhambisana, ukuphakela, nokunakekelwa okuthuthukile, ukuze ujabulele ngokugcwele ukuba khona kwayo ku-aquarium yakho.
Umsuka kanye nendawo yemvelo yeHeros severus
Irekhodi elingelona iqiniso livela ekuqaleni ENingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi emfuleni i-Amazon kanye nohlelo lwe-Orinoco. Ukusatshalaliswa kwayo kuhlanganisa IColombia, iVenezuela, iGuyana, iBrazil nezinye izindawo zaseBolivia. Uhlala phakathi amachweba, imifula nemifula enohlaza oluningi namanzi azolile, lapho uzizwa uvikelekile phakathi kweziqu ezingaphansi kwamanzi, izimpande nemigede yemvelo. Indawo yayo yemvelo inamanzi anezici i-acidic kancane ukuya kokungathathi hlangothi kanye nokuncishiswa kwamaminerali, okukhawulela ukugcinwa kwawo ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini.
Izici zomzimba kanye ne-dimorphism yocansi
El Heros Severus unomzimba obonakalayo i-oval futhi icindezelwe eceleni, yingakho igama layo elivamile le-discus yamanga, ngenxa yokufana kwayo nezinhlanzi ze-discus. Ubukhulu bayo ekuthunjweni bungadlula Amasentimitha angama-20 ezibonelweni zabantu abadala, nakuba ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo zingafinyelela izilinganiso ezifanayo noma ezikhudlwana kancane.
Umbala wayo uyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo kanye nesigaba sokuphila, futhi ungasukela okuluhlaza okotshani komnqumo kuya kunsundu, osagolide noma obomvu, egcizelela i amabhande amnyama mpo ezigijima emzimbeni wabo, ikakhulukazi ebusheni. Isici esimangalisayo yibo amehlo abomvu noma awolintshi, okuyenza ibukeke njenge-hypnotic.
- I-dimorphism yocansi: Abesilisa ngokuvamile baningi ezinkulu, ezimibalabala, nezinde, ezicijilePhezulu ekhanda, owesilisa angase abonise amathoni ashubile, abomvu. Ezisikazi zivame ukuba zincane futhi zibe nombala ongacacile.
Ukuziphatha kwe-discus yamanga ku-aquarium
I-Heros severus iyinhlanzi ye ukuziphatha okuzolile nokunobutha, ilungele ama-aquariums omphakathi anezinhlobo zobukhulu obufanayo kanye nesimo sengqondo esifanayo. Kuwuhlobo oluthandayo fihla futhi uzizwe uphephile, ngakho uzokujabulela ukuba khona imigede, izimpande kanye nezitshalo ukumelanaNakuba ngokuvamile inokuthula, ngezikhathi zokuzala ingaba indawo futhi bavikele indawo yabo ngamandla.
Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, ihlangana kahle nezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu njenge Ama-Discs, Scalares, Oscar nama-cichlids aseNingizimu Melika anosayizi ofanayo. Kubalulekile ukugwema abangani abancane noma abakhuthele kakhulu, njengoba bangase bacindezeleke kalula noma, uma kunjalo de peces ezincane, zibone njengokudla. Emini, ngokuvamile ezifihliwe noma ezihamba kancane phakathi komhlobiso, okubonisa ubuhle bayo be-chromatic kukho konke ukunyakaza.
Izimo ze-Aquarium kanye nemingcele yamanzi
Ukuze ugcine i-discus yamanga isesimweni esihle, i-aquarium kufanele ibe nevolumu ubuncane bamalitha angama-200 eqenjini elincane, nakuba i-pair ingaphila ngokunethezeka emathangini avela Ama-150 amalithaUma ufuna ukuzigcina nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane noma abantu abambalwa, i-aquarium enkulu, kungcono ukugwema izingxabano zendawo.
- Ithempelesha: phakathi 26 futhi 28°C Ilungile, nakuba ibekezelela amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-23-29 ° C ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
- i-pH: Uncamela amanzi i-acidic kancane ukuya kokungathathi hlangothi (5.0–6.5), kodwa ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa namanani aseduze no-7 uma inguquko ihamba kancane.
- Ubulukhuni: Amanzi athambile ukuya kwathambile (2–6º dGH), nakuba yamukela amanzi ane-mineralization enkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ukuhlunga kanye ne-oxygenation: Kubalulekile ukugcina i- izinga eliphezulu lamanzi, enezinguquko ezingatheni ngezikhathi ezithile nokuhlunga kahle kodwa ngaphandle kwamandla amaningi ngokweqile, njengoba ikhetha amanzi azolile.
- Umhlobiso: Iyahlanganiswa amatshe, izingodo, izimpande kanye nemigede eminingi; nezitshalo eziqinile, kucatshangelwa ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi zingasiphula noma zizidle uma ukudla kwazo kwezitshalo kungenele. Izitshalo ezintantayo zingasiza ukuhlunga ukukhanya futhi zenze izindawo ezinomthunzi, ezithakazelelwa kakhulu yizinhlobo.
- Isibani: Okumaphakathi, okusabalalise kahle kakhulu noma okuhlungiwe ukulingisa indawo yokuqala futhi kugwenywe ingcindezi yezinhlanzi.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlobo
I-Heros Severus yaziswa kakhulu emanzini omphakathi inqobo nje uma inkampani ikhethwa ngendlela efanele. Ihambisana ne:
- Izinhlanzi ezinosayizi ofanayo noma omkhulu: I-Discus, i-angelfish enkulu, inhlanzi ye-Oscar namanye ama-cichlid amnene.
- Izinhlobo ezihambisanayo ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa: Kukhona ukukhetha okubanzi (kufika ku Izinhlobo ezingama-43) ezingaba khona kanye ne-discus yamanga ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini anendawo eyanele namapharamitha.
- Ukuhambisana okunemibandela: Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlalisana kuncike ekutheni ubukhulu, ubuntu kanye nendawoIsibonelo, nge-Microgeophagus ramirezi noma i-Macropodus opercularis, ukuhambisana kuncike esimweni somuntu ngamunye kanye nesikhala esitholakalayo.
- Izinhlobo ezidinga indawo eyanele: Kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaba indawo uma indawo inganele, njenge-Polypterus senegalus, Chromobotia macracanthus, Horabagrus brachysoma kanye ne-Pelvicachromis pulcher.
Kunconywa ukugwema ukuhlaliswa kwezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu, njengama-tetras amancane, noma ezinolaka/ezikhuthele kakhulu ezingase zikhathazwe noma zihlaselwe i-discus yamanga phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa.
Ukudla: ukudla okuhlukahlukene nokulinganisela
El irekhodi mbumbulu es omnivore, ngokukhetha ukudla okubandakanya izitshalo nemithombo yamaprotheni. Ukudla kwabo kufanele kube ezihlukahlukene kakhulu Ukuqinisekisa impilo yayo nokugcina umbala oqinile:
- Ukudla kwezentengiso okuyikhwalithi: Ama-flakes, ama-granules nezinti, ilungele ama-cichlid aphakathi nendawo.
- Ukudla kwezitshalo: Kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa njalo isipinashi, ulethisi, i-chard, uphizi ophekiwe wahlutshiweLo mnikelo ubavimbela ekulumeni izitshalo ze-aquarium.
- Ukudla okuphilayo noma okuqandisiwe: I-Artemia, i-daphnia, izibungu zomiyane nama-crustaceans amancane, alungele ukugqugquzela umuzwa wemvelo nokuthuthukisa ubungqabavu.
- Okuphakelayo okuyimpuphu noma okuchotshoziwe kokuthosa kusesigabeni sawo sokuqala.
Kunconywa ukuphakela i-Heros severus kabili noma kathathu ngosuku ngamanani amancane, ukugwema ukweqisa ukuze kugwenywe ukungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ukudla okunomsoco kuqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi kuthuthukisa ukuzala nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ukunakekelwa okuthuthukile nokunakekelwa okuqondile
Ukunakekelwa kwediski mbumbulu kuyinto ngokulinganisela elula kuma-hobbyists anolwazi kuma-cichlids, nakuba kudinga izici ezithile okufanele zicatshangelwe:
- Ikhwalithi yamanzi: Imingcele ezinzile kanye nokulawulwa kwama-nitrate nama-nitrites kubalulekile. Yenza izinguquko zamanzi zamasonto onke ze-20-30%.
- Ukuhlunga kanye ne-oxygenationUkuhlunga okuhle kuyisihluthulelo, ukugwema imisinga eyeqile; ukusebenzisa ama-diffuser noma izihlungi zesipontshi kuyasiza ukugcina amanzi egcwele umoya-mpilo ngaphandle kokudala isiphithiphithi.
- Izifo: Ayinabungozi ikakhulukazi, kodwa izinga lamanzi eliphansi lingabangela izinkinga zebhaktheriya, fungal noma izimuncagazi.
- Umhlobiso ophephileGwema izinto ezicijile. Sebenzisa izingodo nemigede eyindilinga ukuvikela ukulimala.
Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube okuthambile futhi uma izitshalo zisetshenziswa, kufanele zibe izinhlobo zokumelana okuqinisekisiwe ezifana I-Anubias, i-Echinodorus noma i-Java fernsNikeza izindawo ezinomthunzi lapho izinhlanzi zingaphumula futhi zizizwe zivikelekile.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Heros severus ekuthunjweni
La ukuzala Ukuzalanisa i-discus yamanga kuyenzeka ku-aquarium, nakuba kudinga ukunakekelwa okuthile nendawo efanelekile. imibhangqwana ezinzile, kodwa akuzona zonke izibonelo ezihambisanayo, ngakho-ke kungcono kakhulu ukuqala ngeqembu lentsha futhi ubavumele babhangqe ngokwemvelo.
- Ukubeka: Ngokuvamile etsheni eliyisicaba noma endaweni ebushelelezi abazali abayihlanza ngokucophelela. Owesifazane uyafaka kusuka kumaqanda angama-400 kuye kwangama-500 esimisweni esisodwa.
- Ukufukamela: Amaqanda achanyuselwa cishe emahoreni angama-48. Abazali ngokuvamile bahambisa izibungu imigodi embiwe eduze kwetshe noma izindawo zokucasha kuphephile ukugwema izilwane ezidla ezinye.
- Ukunakekelwa kwabazali: Amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, abazali bavikela i-fry, beshintsha indawo yabo yokucasha izikhathi eziningana, futhi uma kwenzeka ingozi, bangase bawathwale emlonyeni (larvophilic mouthbrooding) ukuze bawavikele kuze kube yilapho sebebhukuda mahhala.
- Ukudla okuthosiwe: Baqala ukudla ukudla okuyimpuphu, i-brine shrimp nauplii kanye nama-flakes ochotshoziwe kahle ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-3 noma ezi-4 zokuphila kwamahhala.
Ngesikhathi sokuzalanisa, abantu abadala bangabonisa indawo ephinyisiwe nemibala egqamile, ikakhulukazi umugqa omnyama ongenhla kweso, obonakala kakhulu. Kunconywa ukuthi ugcine umbhangqwana wokuzalanisa ethangini lawo noma eliseceleni ukuze ukwandise impumelelo nokuvikela ukuthosa kubo bonke abahlali base-aquarium.
Iminyaka yokuphila nokuphila kahle jikelele
Idiski mbumbulu can phila iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 ezimeni ezifanele. Indawo ezinzile, ukudla okulinganiselayo, kanye ne-aquarium enakekelwa kahle kuyisihluthulelo sokuzuza impilo ende, ehlala ibonisa imibala yayo engcono kakhulu nokuziphatha kwemvelo.
Amaphuzu abalulekile enhlalakahleni yakho afaka:
- Gwema ukushintshashintsha okubukhali imingcele yamanzi
- Gcina eyodwa isimiso esizinzile ukondla kanye nokugcinwa
- Nikeza zokukhosela futhi ugweme ukuminyana ku-aquarium
El I-albhamu yomgunyathi - Heros Severus Igqama ngobuhle bayo, isimo sengqondo esimnandi, nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Iyindawo eyinhloko ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini ezilungiselelwe kahle, ilungele labo abafuna ukuhlola izinhlanzi ezinobuntu obuqinile nokunakekelwa okuthengekayo. Ukuhlela kahle ukuhlanganiswa kwayo nokuhlinzeka ngendawo efanelekile kuqinisekisa iminyaka yenjabulo yokubuka ukuthuthuka kwayo, ukukhiqizwa kabusha, nokusebenzelana nendawo yayo kanye namathangi ahambisana nawo.